1 .

A．50 minutes.	B．25 minutes.
C．An hour and a quarter.	D．An hour and a half.

2 . It’s a known fact that emissions (排放物) from gas-powered vehicles are harming the atmosphere. In response to this, Porsche, the German sports car company, began producing e-fuels at a pilot plant in Chile last year. Currently, the fuel will be used only in sports cars at Porsche’s performance and experience centers.

E-fuels are made by passing electricity through water. The electricity separates the hydrogen and oxygen from water. The hydrogen is then mixed with CO₂ to produce a liquid e-fuel, which can be produced using many renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. E-fuels follow the chemical structure of gasoline, making it possible for gas-powered cars to run on e-fuels almost without any change.

E-fuels can help ease the transform away from gas-powered cars, for those who may not be able to afford electric vehicles (EV). It will also help to reduce waste by keeping gas-powered cars in service, instead of throwing them away prematurely. Additionally, the use of e-fuels will not require new facility to be built unlike EVs. Existing gas stations and cars will be able to stay in use, which is already a big saving.

Despite the many benefits, opinions differ on whether e-fuels are truly eco-friendly. E-fuels are widely said to be nearly carbon neutral (碳中和), although an independent study indicates that e-fuels release the same amount of CO₂ as gasoline. Since e-fuels are still being developed and tested, their true impacts are still unknown. Meanwhile, e-fuels are very expensive to produce, partly due to energy loss during production. Unfortunately, only about half of the energy used in producing e-fuels is actually transformed into fuel. Additionally, only about 16% of the energy used in e-fuel production is actually used to power the car. Whereas, about 70% of energy is preserved when powering an EV. Even though the use of e-fuels will preserve existing facility, it will still take time and money to integrate it into everyday life. Currently, the price of e-fuels is nearly double the cost of regular fuel.

E-fuels are still a work in progress. Though opinions are divided on e-fuels, with more testing and development, they have been considered another way to help fight against the climate crisis. “There are currently more than 1.3 billion vehicles with combustion (内燃) engines worldwide. Many of these will be on the roads for decades to come, and e-fuels offer the owners of existing cars a nearly carbon-neutral alternative. With the e-fuels pilot plant, Porsche is playing a leading role in this development,” said Michael Steiner, member of the Executive Board for Development and Research at Porsche AG.

1. What can we learn from this passage?

A．E-fuels release no CO₂.

B．E-fuels were tested in Germany at first.

C．E-fuels are applicable to gas-powered cars.

D．E-fuels need to be mixed with CO₂ in actual use.

2. The author quotes Michael Steiner mainly to ______.

A．draw a conclusion.	B．present an opinion
C．further a discussion	D．provide a solution

3. What is the author’s attitude towards e-fuels?

A．Positive.

B．Dismissive.

C．Doubtful.

D．Objective.

3 . How will the speakers get to the park?

A．By bike.

B．By bus.

C．By subway.

5 . How are the speakers going to the lecture?

A．By bike.

B．By bus.

C．By running.

7 . Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van.

A small car can hold four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded. A van hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together.

Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. In the van, the sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents'home, the suitcases are removed from the two seats which can then carry the grandparents.

Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountain s or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes.

1. What kind of family is more likely to buy a van?

A．A family living in the countryside.	B．A family with much money.
C．A family with more than two children.	D．A family with grandparents.

2. What did Mr. Hagen and his wife do before they bought a van?

A．They sold their second car.	B．They built a new place for a van.
C．They sold their old house.	D．They moved to their grandparents' house.

3. What is a van also called from this passage?

A．A motor car.

B．A motor home.

C．A motorbike.

D．A big truck.

4. What do Americans usually use motor homes to do?

A．To visit their grandparents at weekends.	B．To drive their children to school every day.
C．To travel with all the family members on holiday.	D．To do some shopping with all the family members.

5. Why have motor homes become popular?

A．Because some people think motor homes are cheap.

B．Because big families can put more things in motor homes.

C．Because they can take people to another city when people are free.

D．Because they can let families have a happier life when traveling together.

9 . Before you go on your next two-wheeled adventure, make sure you’re familiar with the ins and outs of bicycle safety. This holds true whether you’re riding a traditional bike or an e-bike — one powered by an electric motor in addition to your pedaling.

Many of the safety recommendations are the same for both types of bikes. Wear a helmet.     1     Make sure you’re visible to motorists (some e-bikes now come with lights). Know how to use your arm to signal turns (left: extend your left arm out to the side; right: extend your right arm or bend your left arm up at a right angle). Don’t talk on the phone, text, or listen to music.     2    

Be sure your e-bike is ready to ride. That starts with checking that the tires are inflated and the brakes are working properly. If the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while, take it for a tune-up before you take it for a ride.     3     And before and after every ride, inspect your bicycle for damage.

    4     This is also important for e-bike riders. “With the ability to go faster comes the responsibility to know when you should slow down,” says Ash Lovell, electric bicycle policy director at People for Bikes, a cyclist advocacy organization.

Know the rules of the road. “When you’re riding in the street, even in a protected bike lane, read the signals, pay attention to the lane markings, and check the signage to see where e-bikes are allowed,” Lovell says.     5     Signs in those states may specify which types of bikes are allowed on which roads and paths. Check the People for Bikes website (peopleforbikes.org) for more information.

A．Do not ride on the left.

B．Be aware of your speed.

C．And if you’re an e-bike rider, take notice of the following tips.

D．Remember to replace batteries on a regular basis.

E．Ride with the flow of traffic rather than against it.

F．For an e-bike, also make sure your battery is charged.

G．Thirty-six states have adopted a classification system for e-bikes.

10 . Where does the conversation probably take place?

A．At the airport.

B．At the railway station.

C．At the bus stop.