2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will    1    (probable)say that they go to learn languages, history, science and some other knowledge. That is quite true, but why do they learn these things?

We send our children to school to prepare them    2    the future when they grow up and have to work for    3    (they) . Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life. But is that    4    only reason why they go to school?

There is more in education    5    just learning facts. We go to school to learn how to learn, so that when we have left school we can continue to learn. A man    6    really knows how to learn will always be successful, because when he has to do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, he will also be able    7    (teach) others how to do it in the best way. One    8    (educate)person, on the other hand, is either unable to do something new, or just    9    (do) it badly. The purpose of schools is not to teach languages, history, science, etc, but to teach pupils the way    10    (learn).

3 . Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.

Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.

There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.

There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime （消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.

The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.

1. According to the text, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?

A．Those who often do sports	B．Those who often walk to school
C．Those who often watch television	D．Those who often have meals at home

2. The author thinks that children are becoming overweight because ________.

A．their parents often cook meals for them

B．they are too busy to go out and play

C．they can't choose what to eat

D．there are too many fast food shops around

3. What does the underlined word "steering" in the last sentence most probably means?

A．moving	B．forcing.
C．driving	D．guiding.

4. The main purpose of the text is to ________.

A．tell a story	B．provide facts
C．give advice	D．compare opinions

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a report released by the United Nations, there were 815 million undernourished（营养不良的）people in the world in 2016. Yet, 1.3 billion tons of food     1    （waste）every year around the world， which is about one-third of all food produced each year, according to the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization.

    2    （get）a better understanding of different countries’ food waste problems, the Economist Intelligence Unit recently surveyed 34 nations according to their food system sustainability（可持续性）. According to the report，France topped the list of food sustainability，followed by Japan and Germany.

The    3    （perform）of these countries is largely related to their policies to deal with food waste. For example，France was the first country to pass laws to ban（禁止）food waste. In France, it's illegal for supermarkets to throw away    4    （sell）food, and French restaurants must provide doggy bags for people's leftovers.

Germany is trying to deal with the problem by reforming expiration dates（到期日）. “We found in our study that many people believed they should throw away products    5    the `best before' date has expired,” Martin Kranert, chair of Stuttgart University's waste management department, told Deutsche Welle. “This is not at all case, and such a lack of knowledge is the first thing     6    has to change.”

Some countries are still falling behind when it comes to     7    （prevent）food waste, however. For example, the United Arab Emirates wastes the most food, with each of its citizens throwing away about 1,000 kilograms every year     8    average.

China has been working hard to reduce food waste. In early 2013, the country's Clean Your Plate Campaign started,     9    （encourage）people not to waste anything on their plate.

“If people are more aware of the amount of food waste they produce and everyone plays a role in reducing their personal food waste, we can do     10    （well）as a community,” Joyce Chan from the Foodlink Foundation, a Hong Kong charity dedicated to reducing food waste, told China Daily.

5 . Four Interesting Science Museums

Polytechnic Museum, Russia

For many guests of the capital, some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition（博览会）is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division "Technoplay" is open, where you not only can but also need touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museum's experts will show many entertaining experiments.

Eureka, England

The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there.

Deutsches Museum, Germany

In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills（风车）to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children-there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three.

NEMO, the Netherlands

The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion（沉浸）in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents-it will be interesting to all.

1. What can visitors do at Polytechnic Museum?

A．Learn how the bike developed.	B．Touch all of the exhibits.
C．Watch entertaining movies.	D．Show entertaining experiments.

2. Where should visitors go if they are interested in plants?

A．Polytechnic Museum.	B．Eureka.
C．Deutsches Museum.	D．NEMO.

3. What makes NEMO unique?

A．It is specially designed for children.

B．It is the largest museum in the world.

C．It shows information of exhibits in games.

D．Some exhibits can be touched or pressed.

6 . Children should spend at least one hour playing and spending time in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts （野生生物基金会）.     1     It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.

    2    Its 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants and trees.

The children showed a great increase in personal health.     3    90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world； 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork；    4    Perhaps most importantly, 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.

    5    And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years. A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent British kids enjoys themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is calling on the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.

A．Parents care much about their kids' nature time. ”

B．However, parents on their own aren't giving kids that time.

C．81 percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.

D．The calling comes from a study by University College London.

E．The students are asked to study in University College London for one day.

F．The UK organization speaks for 46 groups and 2,300 nature protection areas.

G．And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of enjoyment.

7 . One of my earliest memories was watching my mum talk on our old phone. I was fascinated (着迷的) that she could talk to someone who wasn’t actually in the room with her.     1    I was wondering how she managed to talk with someone she couldn’t see.

    2     Later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came computers and smart-phones. These days I can send an e-mail around the world in a second. My daughter’s smartphone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accounts. She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”, where she can take it out at any time. It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before.

However, what bothers me is that we rarely associate with (来往) each other nowadays.     3    Instead of looking into the eyes of our loved ones, we stare at our screens. It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest.

Don’t let technology take our time and ruin our life. Make time to meet, to pray and to communicate with each other. Take a walk on the beach with a friend. Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on.     4    

Remember that we are here to love each other, help each other and make this world a better place.     5    But when it can’t, turn it off.

A．That was a long time ago.

B．Connect offline as well as online.

C．Few take the time to talk face to face.

D．Smartphones have both advantages and disadvantages.

E．We should communicate with each other with phones off.

F．When your technology can help to do these things, then use it.

G．When she left the room, I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

More than twenty American states ban smoking in public.     1     study has proved that smoke-free laws can reduce a major effect of tobacco—heart disease.The study     2     (take) place in Pueblo, Colorado several years ago. In some states, there were 396 heart attack     3     (patient) in the year before the ban in hospitals.

However,18 months     4     the ban, the number was 237. Smoking in enclosed (封闭的) places is very     5     (harm) to non-smoke. Adults may think they are     6     (actual) protecting their children from second-hand smoke when they smoke outside their homes, or when the children are not there. However, researchers     7     (warn) of what they call “third-hand smoke” so far. When you smoke they say, dangerous matter from tobacco smoke gets into     8     (you) hair and clothing. Then, when you touch a baby, the baby comes into contact with that poisonous matter. The researchers also found that people,     9     agreed that smoke was bad for children’s health, were more likely to have restriction on     10     (smoke) in their homes than others.

9 . 第二节、书面表达
假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对“良好饮食习惯”这一话题进行讨论。
请根据下列提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。内容要点应包括：

部分学生的饮食习惯	良好的饮食习惯	个人看法
不吃早餐； 爱吃零食； 偏食； 饮食过量	饮食多样化 饮食平衡 ……	培养良好饮食习惯的 重要性： 有助于身体健康……

注意：
1.发言稿必须包括所有内容要点，可以适当发挥；
2.发言稿开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3. 词数100左右。
4.参考词汇：偏食 be particular about food 零食snack。
Dear fiends,
As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits.                                                                                                                             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                                                                                                                                                                  That’s all . Thank you !

10 . China is a big old country and it has a history of more than five thousand years. We are proud of    1     (it) culture and part of the culture even influences the world     2     (great), for example, the thought of Confucius. As Chinese economy develops very fast and plays     3     important role in the world, more and more     4    (foreign) learn Mandarin (普通话) in Confucius institutions. The Chinese traditional culture can be tested by the time. It unites the whole nation and no matter     5    kind of disaster comes, we will fight together for the country’s future. Today, many young people lose     6     (faithful) in traditional culture and they are crazy     7    the western culture. They follow the western fashion,     8    (think) we are the old style. But someday, they     9    (realize) they are wrong     10    (abandon) traditional culture.