1 . 随着手机及其他电子设备的普及，“低头族”随处可见。大街上，公交车上……，以年轻人为主。针对这一问题，请写一篇倡议书，提醒人们低头看手机的危害，并呼吁人们尽量抬起头来。
要求：
1.观点鲜明：
2.行文连贯流畅；
3.字数100左右。文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：低头族phubber

The mobile phone and other electric devices have been part of our life, bringing us convenience. However, more and more phubbers, especially young people, bury themselves in their phones without looking at what was going on around them.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2 . The event happened to Hunter as if it were yesterday when he was working in a fancy French restaurant in Denver. The ice cream he was serving fell onto the white dress of a rich and important woman.

Thirty years have passed, but Hunter can't get the memory out of his mind, nor the woman’s kind reaction. She was shocked, regained calmness and, in a kind voice, told the young Hunter, “It’s OK. It wasn't your fault.” When she left the restaurant, she also left the future Fortune 500 CEO with a life lesson. You can tell a lot about a person by the way he or she treats the waiter.

Hunter isn't the only CEO to have made this discovery. Rather, it seems to be one of those few laws of the land that every CEO learns on the way up. It's hard to get a dozen CEOS to agree about anything, but most agree with the Waiter Rule. They say how others treat the CEO says nothing. But how others treat the waiter is like a window into the soul.

Watch out for anyone who pulls out the power card to say something like, “I could buy this place and fire you,” or “I know the owner and I could have you fired.” Those who say such things have shown more about their character than about their wealth and power.

The CEO who came up with it, or at least first wrote it down, is Raytheon CEO Bill Swanson. He wrote a best-selling book called Swanson’s Unwritten Rules of Management.

“A person who is nice to you but rude to the waiter, or to others, is not a nice person,” Swanson says. “I will never offer a job to the person who is sweet to the boss but turns rude to someone cleaning the tables.”

1. What happened after Hunter dropped the ice cream onto the woman’s dress?

A．He was fired.	B．He was blamed.
C．The woman comforted him.	D．The woman left the restaurant at once.

2. Hunter learned one of his life lessons from____________.

A．his experience as a waiter.	B．the advice given by the CEOS.
C．an article in Fortune.	D．an interesting best-selling book.

3. Most CEOS have the same opinion about_________ depending on the text.

A．Fortune 500 companies.	B．the Management Rules.
C．Swanson’s book.	D．the Waiter Rule.

4. From the text we can learn that________________.

A．one should be nicer to important people.

B．CEOS often show their power before others.

C．one should respect others no matter who they are.

D．CEOS often have meals in expensive restaurants.

3 . I was driving home. A car, driving at high speed and trying to overtake, crashed into a pickup truck. And five other cars also______in front of me. I narrowly______and pulled over. Immediately, I ran to a car which was upside down. I got someone to help and we got a（n）______woman and a large, unconscious man, both upside down, out of the______. I then went to the five other cars to______if anyone else was hurt badly______, no one else was in serious condition. It all took just a few minutes.

At the same time, the traffic had stopped. I looked over and______a group of 12 people, out of their cars, standing in a circle about 15 feet away from a young man, who was______still on the pavement. I asked them what had happened. They said the kind young man had got out of his car to cross the road and______when a car drove along the inside lane（车道）, very fast, to get around the______traffic. Unfortunately, the man was______by it. Many people said he was______; several had checked. But a feeling inside me said, “Can they be certain he is dead？”

He was badly injured, but I checked again and again, and felt a very______heart beat. I______pushed his head upwards. He then coughed, and started taking rapid, shallow breaths. By then, the ambulances had______. When they______, I left the scene and walked back to my car.

Due to the excellent doctors and______of nurses, the young man did______. He was released from the hospital after many months and his______was covered by all the news stations. I smiled to myself and felt very______to be at the right place at the right time, knowing a young man had his whole life in front of me.

1.

A．exploded

B．crashed

C．sped

D．disappeared

2.

A．escaped

B．lost

C．returned

D．failed

3.

A．rich

B．sick

C．injured

D．single

4.

A．circle

B．way

C．area

D．car

5.

A．check

B．report

C．explore

D．tell

6.

A．Surprisingly

B．Obviously

C．Fortunately

D．Honestly

7.

A．met

B．chose

C．led

D．saw

8.

A．sitting

B．lying

C．standing

D．holding

9.

A．greet

B．help

C．serve

D．look

10.

A．light

B．local

C．oncoming

D．heavy

11.

A．stopped

B．attacked

C．hit

D．pushed

12.

A．dead

B．abnormal

C．ill

D．painful

13.

A．steady

B．weak

C．rapid

D．wild

14.

A．quickly

B．patiently

C．hopefully

D．cautiously

15.

A．arrived

B．stayed

C．followed

D．waited

16.

A．got across

B．faded away

C．took over

D．gave away

17.

A．praise

B．care

C．trust

D．encouragement

18.

A．grow

B．remember

C．survive

D．change

19.

A．kindness

B．politeness

C．calmness

D．friendliness

20.

A．confident

B．comfortable

C．different

D．happy

4 . The true purpose of a business, Peter Drucker said, is to create and keep customers. “Customer value” has several definitions. I use the ______ to mean the total lifetime value of a company’s customer base. Companies can increase this value by ______ more customers, earning more business from existing ones, keeping them longer, making their experience simpler through digital improvements and so on. ______ leaders have long understood the importance of concentrating on customer value rather than pursuing short-term profits or quarterly earnings, and they’ve become enduring customer loyalty leaders in the process. It’s worth noting that a number of loyalty-leading companies are able to ______ shareholder pressure, or avoid it altogether, because they are founder-led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.

Companies can ______ customer value in a variety of ways: To increase ______, enterprise software companies sometimes charge corporate customers change fees that can raise the total cost of ownership to as much as three times the original price. To reduce operating costs, restaurant chains sometimes ______ frozen and precooked ingredients in place of fresh and made-to-order food. The resulting profits may look good on the income statement. Such strategies may even lead to short-term earnings growth. But they also ______ potential customers and encourage disloyalty.

Given the importance of customer value, leaders should track it as much as they track other key assets (资产), such as buildings, machinery, and marketable securities. They also should reveal it in their quarterly and annual earnings releases so that investors can make ______ judgments about company performance and how it compares with that of industry peers. But most companies ________believe that measuring customer value is too difficult or costly. They continue to rely on a centuries-old accounting tradition that emphasizes physical and financial assets, and neither income statements nor balance sheets offer much ______ into the value of a company’s customers.

As investors wake up to the importance of customer value, however, many growth-stage companies now direct investors’ attention to ______ in growing the value of their customer base. Some public companies increasingly report various types of customer value metrics (指标). One of the UK’s top energy suppliers E.ON, ______, reports year-over-year customer counts in its financial report. “As a customer-focused company,” E.ON noted, “we see customer value as crucial to our success.”

This is a start, but because there are no customer-value reporting standards or requirements, investors still have a(n) ______ picture. The minority of companies that do provide customer value information decide for themselves what to disclose. ______, firms may calculate customer metrics differently or change them to tell a desired story, or simply stop reporting them if they fail to go with the company’s preferred narrative.

1.

A．item

B．version

C．term

D．definition

2.

A．persuading

B．consulting

C．acquiring

D．inspecting

3.

A．Considerate

B．Visionary

C．Determined

D．Powerful

4.

A．resist

B．relieve

C．intensify

D．maintain

5.

A．raise

B．adopt

C．calculate

D．destroy

6.

A．income

B．experience

C．productivity

D．demand

7.

A．separate

B．substitute

C．forbid

D．combine

8.

A．appeal to

B．rely on

C．put down

D．scare off

9.

A．informed

B．subjective

C．definitive

D．independent

10.

A．fully

B．hardly

C．readily

D．wrongly

11.

A．suspicion

B．extension

C．literacy

D．visibility

12.

A．sacrifice

B．success

C．prejudice

D．expense

13.

A．as a result

B．for example

C．on the contrary

D．in general

14.

A．incomplete

B．depressing

C．convincing

D．vivid

15.

A．Instead

B．Further

C．Otherwise

D．Therefore

5 . “Nomophobia”, NO Mobile Phone phobia(恐惧) is a 21^st-century term for the fear of not being able to use your smartphone. Smartphone addiction is on the rise, surveys show, and a new study released adds to a growing body of evidence that smartphone addiction is harming our minds literally.

Smartphone addiction affects many people from all across the globe. Over 1.8 billion people own smartphones and the average owners check their screens 150 times a day. Considering those numbers, it shouldn’t come as a surprise when 44% of people (compared with 20% in 2011) admit feeling anxious when they can’t have access to their phones.

Researchers from Harvard University used brain imaging to study the brains of 19 teenage boys who were diagnosed with smartphone addiction. Compared with 19 teenagers who were not addicted, the brains of the addicted boys had significantly higher levels of GABA, which decelerates neurons (神经元)， than levels of glutamate-glutamine, which energizes brain signals. That results in poorer attention and control, which you don’t want to have, because you want to stay focused. So that means you are easier to get distracted.

“Addicted teenagers in the study also had significantly higher scores in anxiety, depression and levels of impulsiveness (冲动) ,” said Dr. Leslie Perlow, who led the study.

If you seem to have the symptoms of smart device addiction, experts have some suggestions in addition to mindfulness training. First, turn off your phone at certain times of the day, such as in meetings, when having dinner, playing with your kids, and of course, driving. Remove social media apps, like Facebook and Twitter from your phone, and only check-in from your laptop. Try to stop yourself to 15-minute intervals at set times of the day when it won’t affect work or family life. Don’t bring your cellphone and its harmful blue light to bed, and use an old-fashioned alarm to wake you. And last, try to replace your smart device time with healthier activities such as meditating or actually interacting with real people.

1. What is the conclusion of the research?

A．Smartphone addiction leads to distraction.

B．Smartphone addiction easily causes anger.

C．Smartphone addiction is harmful to the mind.

D．Smartphone addiction brings about anxiety and depression.

2. Where can you find the data that best supports smartphone addiction is on the rise?

A．In Paragraph 2.	B．In Paragraph 3.
C．In Paragraph 4.	D．In Paragraph 5.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “decelerates” in Paragraph 3?

A．Speeds up.	B．Slows down.
C．Adds to.	D．Cuts down.

4. Which of the suggestions is encouraged according to the text?

A．To use an old-fashion cellphone.	B．To participate in more social activities.
C．To stop fifteen-minute intervals.	D．To turn off the blue light on bed.

6 . How Disney grew its $3 billion Mickey Mouse business — by selling to adults

In March 2019, Gucci began selling a $4,500 purse in the shape of Mickey Mouse’s head. Between the creature’s round black ears is a small handle embossed (凸印) with the word “Gucci.” On the brand’s website, a male model stares seriously into the camera without the slightest trace of irony (讽刺) that he is, in fact, carrying around the head of a children’s cartoon character.

It’s perhaps the most luxurious Mickey Mouse products designed for adults.     1     Maybelline created makeup sets with packaging covered in Mickey’s face. Uniqlo made dozens of graphic T-shirts with Mickey in various poses. So as not to miss out on the action, Apple launched $300 Beats headphones that paid homage to (向……致敬) the Mouse.

According to The Wall Street Journal, Mickey Mouse and his friends sold $3 billion in merchandise (周边商品) in 2018, a figure that includes both adult and children’s products.

This brings up the question: Why would adults wear items decorated with the face of a smiling rodent in the first place? What accounts for the enduring appeal of this anthropomorphized (拟人化的) mouse, while other Disney characters, such as Anna from Frozen, hardly ever appear in adult products?

Mickey Mouse was big business almost as soon as he made his debut (首次亮相) in Walt Disney’s animated short Steamboat Willie (《汽船威利号》) in 1928. Within five years, Mickey was earning $1 million a year in merchandise sales. These products were largely targeted at children, including stuffed toys, trains, and nursery (托儿所) wallpaper.

Everything changed in the years after World War II.     2     For one thing, Mickey was nearly twenty years old, which meant that the first audience, who enjoyed the cartoons as children, were now in their thirties. Disney was willing to transform Mickey into a symbol of innocence in the postwar years, when people were desperate for something hopeful to cling to.

All the marketing worked. In 1947, products featuring Disney characters brought in $100 million in revenue (收益) in merchandise. In addition to kids’ products, many of the items sold were for adults, such as radios and phonographs (留声机).

    3     He made Mickey’s face and body rounder, and eyes larger, like those of a baby. Scientists have shown that adults are more drawn to childlike faces. That look is more likely to subconsciously (潜意识地) produce a greater level of attachment in the viewer.

    4     For instance, the company has done everything in its power to ensure that they do not use images of Mickey drinking and smoking.

By and large, though, the symbolism Mickey represents is the one Disney has put forth: that of innocence and positivity.     5     In World War II, people used Mickey to help cope with the horrors before them. This might also help explain why Mickey Mouse has been popular over the past few years when many people are experiencing political instability.

A．Over the decades, Disney is always sensitive about how brands portray Mickey when it licenses his face.

B．Why was this effective at getting adults’ attention?

C．This is perhaps why adults seem drawn to him during times of trouble.

D．At that point, demand for products bearing Mickey’s face among adults decreased.

E．But it’s just one of many that has flooded the market.

F．Disney kept developing the character to make him more and more universally appealing.

G．Disney’s goal was clearly to make the character universally known and loved.

7 . Almost every community has some form of rules and some way of enforcing them. So why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them?

Studies have suggested that the reason we don't like rule-breaking is because fairness is programmed into our brains. Scientists have found that the brain reacts in a particular way when we feel we are being treated unfairly.A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings.The study found that this a so happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly. They concluded that fairness is one of basic human needs.

Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, often conflicting, points of view. Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.

Social controls are an important factor in setting and following rules.They influence the way we be have, and can be internal (内在的) or external. Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears. Most of us don't steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong. We also don't want to disappoint our family and friends. In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving in ways that cause conflict.

External controls include rewards and punishments. Rewards, such as job promotions and praise, are designed to encourage people to be have and actin the interest of the whole community.

Punishments, such as public embarrassment, fines, and even imprisonment can prevent people from acting against the community's best interests.

People need their communities to function smoothly.If there were no rules, most people would probably still behave positively. However, there would always be a minority who would not. This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.

1. What does the underlined word ''this'' in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．A program in human brains.

B．A comfortable situation.

C．The response with bad feelings.

D．The requirement off fairness.

2. Why do communities have rules?

A．To punish illegal activities.	B．To prevent disagreement.
C．To promote fairness.	D．To meet various demands.

3. Which of the following is an example of internal control?

A．Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful

B．Park in the right place so as not to get a parking ticket.

C．Pay the electricity bill on time in order not to get a late fee.

D．Cooperate with your classmates to win a prize for your class.

4. What is the best title for this passage?

A．Living by the rules	B．Why communities need rules
C．Reaching a compromise	D．How fairness functions

8 . Experts say heavy backpacks are a health risk for kids.

Like little turtles with limbs poking out from their shell, kids shuffle(拖着脚走) to school every day wearing giant backpacks. Even high school students have to bend forward to carry their heavy books to and from school. It's frustrating and looks a little silly, but is it dangerous?

" Yes, " say many experts. " Kids are saying ‘My back hurts, and my neck and my shoulders hurt’, "says Dr. Karen Jacobs, a clinical professor at Boston University. " A heavy backpack can also lead to headaches, slow or sluggish development and other physical problems. "

Jacobs is also a spokesperson for the American Occupational Therapy Association, which sponsors National   School Backpack Awareness Day on September 16. She says that too many textbooks and less locker space are making backpacks bigger. "Since at least 1998, we've noticed backpacks getting bigger and heavier, and not in proportion to the kids sizes, "says Jacobs.

A 2010 study from the University of California, San Diego, concluded, "Backpack loads are responsible for a significant amount of back pain in children. " The same study says a full third of kids aged between 11 and 14 report back pain. Other research from 2011 came to a similar conclusion.

"Like the frame of a house, the spine(脊椎)is what keeps bodies strong and upright. Put too much weight on this frame while a young body is still developing, and it could change a child's posture(姿势), compress the spine, and impair children’s growth, " says Rob Danoff, a doctor in Philadelphia's Aria Health. "It also might lead to back problems or injuries when the child's older. "

Experts warn against wearing a heavy backpack, adding something can be done to solve the problem.

1. Which of the following is the best title?

A．Keep Children's Backs Free of All Backpacks

B．Less Locker Space Means Bigger Backpacks

C．It's Time to Reduce Heavy Homework for Kids

D．Bigger Backpacks Equal Bigger Health Problems

2. Who does Jacobs indicate is mainly to blame for the bigger backpacks?

A．The school.	B．The bookshop owner.
C．The parents.	D．The backpack maker.

3. The underlined word " impair" means "__________" .

A．strengthen	B．damage
C．improve	D．repair

4. Which of the flowing is the author most likely to deal with next?

A．Some solutions to the problem.

B．Some reasons for the problem.

C．Some advantages of e-backpacks.

D．Some dangers of heavy backpacks.

9 . A new study published in the Journal of Marriage and Family claims that all that time you spend parenting just doesn't matter. But it's a claim that, despite the enthusiastic and widespread coverage by the media, does not hold water.

The research suggests that children's outcomes(including behavior problems, emotional problems, and academic performance)are barely connected with the time that parents spend with their children. The researchers examined the time diaries of 1, 600 children, looking at parenting time and outcomes when the kids were aged 3 to 11 in 1997, and again in 2002, when they were between 8 and 16.A time diary is a detailed report showing you where your time is spent each day.

This research largely reflects the failure of the authors to correctly measure parental input(投入).It just looked at time diaries from two particular days ─one a weekday and the other a weekend day.

Trying to get a sense of the time you spend parenting from a single day's diary is a bit like trying to measure your income from a single day. If yesterday was payday, you would look rich, but if it's not, you would be reported as the poor. You get a clearer picture only by looking at your income-or your parenting time-over a more meaningful period.

What you did yesterday should not be taken as a representative of what you did last year. This is why most high-quality studies of parenting time focus on how often parents read to their children, play with them or help them with different approaches to parenting.

As an exhausted parent who doesn't get enough time to work out, and who hasn't seen a movie for months, I understand why so many of us might seize on studies suggesting that we should take more time for ourselves. Perhaps we should. But I agree with Ariel Kalil, a developmental psychologist, on the suggestion that "when parents spend high-quality time with their children, their children are more likely to succeed".

1. The underlined words "hold water" in the first paragraph probably mean ________.

A．to be convincing	B．to be surprising
C．to be confusing	D．to be usual

2. The study was conducted to explore the link between ________.

A．parenting time and children's outcomes

B．time diaries and child development

C．children's habits and parents' influence

D．daily activities and children's problems

3. How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed?

A．By giving descriptions.

B．By analyzing the cause.

C．By making a comparison.

D．By offering research findings.

4. The author may agree that high-quality studies of parenting time should ________.

A．be completed in one month

B．adopt some different approaches

C．concentrate mainly on learning time

D．be based on data of a longer time period

10 . French Universities to Offer More Classes in English

France aims to bring more foreign students to its universities by offering more classes taught in English.

France is home to famous universities like the Sorbonne in Paris and several leading business schools.     1     But it ranks(排名)behind the US, Britain and Australia in the total number of foreign students who study there.

    2     The country has seen increased competition from Germany, Russia, Canada and China.

Under the new plan, France will ease student visa requirements.     3     Starting next March, foreigners who have earned a French master's degree will be able to receive a residence visa(居留签证).The change is meant to help recent graduates look for work or set up a business in France.

    4     Currently, students in France ─ including foreign students─pay(about)170 euros a year for a bachelor's degree and 243 euros a year for a master's degree. Officials said the low cost of education in France leads students from other countries to believe that the quality of a French education is lower than what other countries offer. Beginning in September2019, non-European students will pay 2,770 euros a year for a bachelor's degree and 3,770 euros for graduate degrees.    5    

France will use the extra money to build better education facilities and increase the number of scholarships for foreign students.

A．Student visa applications also will be available online.

B．That's why we need to welcome more foreign students.

C．The country is a popular choice among non-English-speaking students.

D．That is still much less costly than some other European countries, however.

E．Increasing the number of foreigners studying in the country would help build French influence overseas.

F．France also plans to increase the costs for students who come from outside the European Economic Area.

G．Between 2011 and 2016, the number of foreign students studying at French universities fell by 8.5 percent.