1 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Which season does the man like best?

A．Winter.

B．Spring.

C．Autumn.

2. What does the woman say about the weather in her country?

A．It isn’t very cold in winter.

B．It isn’t hot in summer.

C．It often snows in winter.

3. How often do hurricanes occur in the woman’s country?

A．About once every two years.

B．About once a year.

C．About three times a year.

2 . Why the East Coast has had such a weak winter

Overall, winter across the East Coast this year has been pretty weak. “I was in shorts and a T-shirt,” said Jeff Weber, a research meteorologist (气象学家) at the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Meteorologists descended upon Boston in mid-January for the annual meeting of the American Meteorological Society. January is Boston's coldest month, but during the weather conference, meteorologists experienced 75 degrees Fahrenheit temperatures.

A major reason is that the polar vortex (极地涡旋) — which is a circulating stream of air that forms over the Arctic during winter — has stayed rigid and in place, keeping its cold air mostly locked up north. Consequently, little of this exceptionally chilly air has got into the U.S. this winter.

Arctic blasts (北极寒流), like those in January 2019, happen when the polar vortex becomes unstable, allowing frigid air to spill south. “But this winter, instead of a weak polar vortex, we’ve had strong polar vortex conditions,” said Andrea Lang, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Albany who researches changes in seasonal winter weather.

The polar vortex has stayed strong because other weather systems, sometimes originating from the Pacific. Ocean, haven’t come along and knocked the spinning vortex out of place.

A frequent culprit (问题的起因) in disturbing the polar vortex is a powerful stream of air traveling some 30,000 to 35,000 miles up in the atmosphere (where jets fly) which we commonly call the jet stream. The jet stream shoots from west to east around Earth at speeds of 120 to 250 miles per hour, but can become dramatically wavier when it’s disturbed by strong storm activity or encounters masses of hot or cold air.

But this winter season, the meandering (蜿蜒前进的) jet stream has not knocked the polar vortex off its pole, explained Lang. Instead, the jet stream has bent dramatically south, right through the heart of the central U. S.

Atmospheric scientists are deeply interested in why a perturbed polar vortex has become more frequent. There’s evidence that the incessantly warming Arctic — the fastest-warming place on Earth — has led to a weaker and less stable polar vortex, which means more outbreaks of freezing Arctic air. Just not this winter — so far, anyway.

1. What does Jeff Weber mean by saying what he wore?

A．To introduce his dressing style.	B．To express his feeling then.
C．To prove the abnormal weather.	D．To show his love of winter.

2. What do we know about the weather in Boston in January 2019?

A．It was as warm as that of this year.

B．It was very cold owing to the arctic blast.

C．The polar vortex stayed rigid and in place.

D．The polar vortex was weak and unstable.

3. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “perturbed” in the last paragraph?

A．Fixed.

B．Frozen.

C．Heated.

D．Disturbed.

4. How does the jet stream usually affect the polar vortex?

A．By bending north and knocking it off.

B．By moving from east to west around Earth.

C．By waving and meandering powerfully.

D．By turning to the south dramatically.

3 . 听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
1. What time of day is it right now?

A．Early in the morning.

B．Early in the afternoon.

C．Early in the evening.

2. What is the weather like at the moment?

A．Sunny.

B．Rainy.

C．Cloudy.

3. What will the man do at 4 o’clock?

A．Go home from work.

B．Attend a meeting.

C．Pick up his boss.

4. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A．Co-workers.

B．Husband and wife.

C．Waiter and customer.

4 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What was the weather like in Harbin during the man’s stay?

A．Hot.

B．Cool.

C．Cold.

2. Why didn’t the man spend much money on his trip?

A．He stayed in a little hotel.

B．He shared meals with his friends.

C．He stayed at his grandfather’s house.

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What month is it most likely now?

A．January.

B．March.

C．June.

2. What season was the BEST season last year?

A．Spring.

B．Summer.

C．Autumn.

3. When was the nice period last year?

A．September and October.

B．October and November.

C．March and April.

6 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How was the weather yesterday?

A．Sunny.

B．Cold.

C．Rainy

2. What does the woman think of Henry?

A．Patient.

B．Clever.

C．Nervous.

3. How long did the woman ski?

A．For half an hour.

B．For an hour

C．For an hour and a half.

4. Where does the man come from?

A．The east.

B．The north.

C．The south.

7 . Have you ever noticed that sometimes you may be ill suited or perfect for the same thing?     1     Here are ways weather can affect your mood that you never noticed.

You’re more helpful on sunny days. Sun makes you happy!     2     Therefore, on sunny days, you’re more likely to help those in need than on days filled with clouds and gloom. Next time you want to volunteer, try to pick a sunny day— you’ll be more helpful to the people.

    3     Summer sales, here we come! Get ready to open your wallet if you go out to a mall during a nice, sunny day. Research shows that you are more likely to spend money when it’s sunny. My theory is that the sun makes us feel happier and less stressed about our life (including our financial life) -therefore we spend more money! Thus, try not to go shopping on shiny days if you want to save money.

Cold temperatures impact complex physical tasks.     4     It’s like you don’t want to move. Have you ever tried untying (解开) a knot while your hands were cold? Be careful when trying to perform complex physical tasks in the cold weather— too much time in low temperatures can cause hypothermia (体温过低) !

Lack of sunlight makes you eat more. Bears hibernate (冬眠) while humans just start swallowing everything in sight. Well, bears eat much too, before they go to sleep.     5     Your body needs extra fuel to fight off the cold. Unfortunately, often you don’t actually need the extra food because a lack of sun doesn’t necessarily mean you’re cold.

A．Sunlight makes you spend more money.

B．Sunny days make you feel more tired.

C．The secret lies in distinct weather conditions.

D．Being less stressed leads to a poor life.

E．Happy people tend to be more willing to help others.

F．The cold, dark winter months make it much easier to overeat.

G．When you’re cold, your muscles feel slow and dull.

8 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the weather like today?

A．Rainy.

B．Snowy.

C．Sunny.

2. When should the listeners get up tomorrow?

A．At 5:30.

B．At 6:00.

C．At 6:30.

3. What does the speaker advise the listeners NOT to take?

A．Whistles.

B．Maps.

C．Cameras.

4. What are the listeners going to do most probably?

A．Go surfing.

B．Go hiking.

C．Go boating.

9 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What made the 77-year-old man die in Hurricane Florence?

A．Standing under a tree.

B．Checking on his dogs.

C．Suffering a heart attack.

2. How fast did Hurricane Florence make landfall?

A．225 km/h.

B．75 km/h.

C．155 km/h.

3. Which state isn’t influenced by Hurricane Florence?

A．Texas.

B．Carolina.

C．Maryland.

4. What might Warren do after Hurricane Florence?

A．Get married in time.

B．Move away from here.

C．Get a boat ready anytime.

10 . No matter where you live in the world, natural disasters are always a threat. Of course, we humans take steps, both at an individual and social level, to prepare ourselves for the possibility of natural disasters. But preparing for these events requires understanding the types of natural disasters, what causes them, and the dangers they cause.

A technical term for a period of very cold weather, a cold wave is a type of natural disaster where the temperature drops rapidly over the course of 24 hours. While cold weather in itself isn’t necessarily enough to cause a natural disaster, a rapid dropping of the temperature could lead to lots of problems for communities in a region.

Interestingly, there isn’t an precise temperature threshold (起点) that must reach to be. Rather, cold waves are classified (分类) by how fast the temperature falls. Since what’s considered to be “cold” varies widely from region to region, local weather services will use local weather averages to determine if a weather event is actually a cold wave.

There are many reasons why a cold wave might occur. One of the most common causes of a cold wave is the arrival of a very strong high pressure system from the polar regions. Alternatively, movement in the jet streams can also drive very cold weather southward in just a matter of hours.

The primary danger of a cold wave is, indeed, the cold weather itself. This can lead to a higher risk of hypothermia (低温症) and other cold-related injuries. Additionally, cold weather can cause ice and frost to build up quickly, damaging basic facilities. Cold waves are also particularly dangerous for aircraft and other machinery. Extreme cold can use up vehicle batteries or cause petrol to come together. So, whenever in extreme cold weather, people need to be careful.

1. Why do people need to understand natural disasters?

A．To remove nervousness.	B．To encourage research.
C．To get ready for its possibility.	D．To build professional departments.

2. How can we define a cold wave?

A．By an exact temperature.	B．By classified temperature.
C．By local climate standards.	D．By fallen temperature in summer.

3. Which of the following contributes most to the cold wave?

A．Sudden big wind.	B．Heavy snow.
C．Rapidly rising temperature.	D．A powerful pressure system from polar areas.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．A natural program.	B．A climate disaster.
C．A scientific method.	D．A scientific experiment.