1 . Try Making Them into Treats

It’s fine to shop at farmers’ markets and grocery stores for recipe ingredients（原料）. But what if you could gather some of them by yourselves, and at the same time, help rid your region of non-native plant species that are harming the ecosystems?

According to the National Wildlife Federation, about 42 percent of today’s threatened or endangered species are at risk because of invasive（有侵略性的）species. Here are four invasive plants and ideas for serving them up.

KUDZU

Brought to the US from Japan, the kudau vine can grow a foot a day, robbing other plants of sunlight. Its beautiful flowers bloom from July to September, but its leaves, roots, and vine tips are more readily available. Pick flowers to use in making drinks.

HIMALAYAN BLACKBERRY

Native to Armenia, the plant has threatened other species. It blocks access through woods and affects livestock. Its fruit starts to ripen in midsummer and the berries can be added to hake goods such as muffins.

SOW THISTLE

Its roots crowd out useful crops and suck water and nitrogen from the soil. Native to Europe and western Asia, it grows all over North America in spring and summer. Try coking the leaves in olive oil and adding them to a cake.

WATERCRESS

European settlers brought this leafy green to the Colonies. It spreads along waterways, crowding out native plants.

Harvest it from the edge of a running stream in spring and fall to make sandwiches.

1. Which species will you choose if you want to make drinks?

A．KUDZU.

B．SOW THISTLE.

C．WATERCRESS.

D．HIMALAYAN BLACKBERRY.

2. What do the listed species have in common?

A．They are harvested in autumn.

B．They are all invasive species.

C．They can grow a foot per day.

D．They are picked to make sandwiches.

3. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To introduce the harms of the four species.

B．To advertise some recipe ingredients for readers.

C．To prove the findings of National Wildlife Federation.

D．To provide ideas to make the invasive species into treats.

2 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Animal Rescue Center. How can I help you?” a deep voice came through the phone receiver.

“I’d like to report a wounded animal,” I replied. I continued to explain approximately where I saw the animal. I was promised someone would go out that day to investigate what animal it was and remove the animal if needed.

Earlier that morning, I’d been on my way to meet a friend for breakfast. Driving down the road that connected two neighborhoods, there was nothing but tall trees and grassy areas on both sides of the road for a few miles. Then, I caught sight of a brown, black and white tail swaying (摇动) at the side of the road. Throughout breakfast, I couldn’t get the animal off my mind. I named him Furry. Perhaps it was someone’s loving cat or dog. Maybe a fox? I wasn’t sure.

After I called Animal Rescue Center, I decided to look on social media to see if anyone was missing a dog or cat in the surrounding neighborhoods where I had spotted Furry. There weren’t any listed missing pets that matched the description of what I saw, so I wrote a post describing Furry’s coloring and asked if anyone was missing a pet in that area By the end of the day, I didn’t get any replies to my post, so I came to the conclusion it must have been an animal in the wild.

The next morning, on my way to work driving on the same route I started singing along at the top of my lungs, until I saw Furry! There he was, far down the road, half behind some brush. Now, I was worried he would go onto the road. So I called Animal Rescue Center again, hoping they could catch and put him to safety or bring him to a wildlife center.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

About ten minute later, two men arrived in the Animal Rescue Center truck.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A few days later, I went to the center to visit the dog Furry after its recovery.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . Dogs are more faithful than other animals, so they are considered as man’s best friends. Recently a dog named Capitan has shown us why dogs are a symbol of _______ and friendship.

In 2005, Capitan was _______ by a man named Miguel Guzman in Argentina. Miguel got Capitan as a(n) _______ for his son Damian. In 2006, Miguel passed away, and _______, Capitan disappeared. They thought he was _______ or had been adopted by another family. _______, when Damian and his mother went to visit Miguel’s grave, they were _______ to see Capitan at the cemetery(公墓). They couldn’t believe it because they had _______ brought Capitan to the cemetery before. They didn’t know how he had _______ the grave, but the dog was there barking and ________. Damian’s mother said, “We went back the next Sunday, and he was there again. This time, he ________ us home and spent a few hours with us, but then went back to the cemetery before it got ________. It was probable that he didn’t want to leave Miguel on his own at night.”

Later, they tried to bring the dog home many times, but each time Capitan would ________ and return to the cemetery. For eleven years, he ________ there and was taken care of by the cemetery staff. In 2018, Capitan’s life came to an end. He was ________ buried next to his master he loved so much.

1.

A．honesty

B．loyalty

C．hardworking

D．generosity

2.

A．cured

B．abandoned

C．sold

D．adopted

3.

A．gift

B．assistant

C．tutor

D．reference

4.

A．as usual

B．once again

C．soon after

D．long before

5.

A．sick

B．lost

C．mature

D．hidden

6.

A．Therefore

B．Moreover

C．Meanwhile

D．However

7.

A．surprised

B．disappointed

C．horrified

D．embarrassed

8.

A．once

B．generally

C．never

D．occasionally

9.

A．occupied

B．found

C．protected

D．dug

10.

A．rolling

B．sleeping

C．wandering

D．crying

11.

A．followed

B．led

C．observed

D．welcomed

12.

A．terrible

B．cold

C．dark

D．crowded

13.

A．give back

B．run away

C．carry on

D．wake up

14.

A．struggled

B．waited

C．worked

D．lived

15.

A．eventually

B．immediately

C．secretly

D．probably

4 . It was the first time I met a seal (海豹), the most mysterious(神秘的) animal for me in the world. I jumped into the cold water to take a closer look. Immediately, she swam toward me and tried to threaten me by putting my camera and much of my head into her mouth. I tried not to show any fear. After a few seconds, she let go of my head and swam away.

Then she came back with a live penguin. The penguin was for me. Of course, I didn’t eat the penguin, and I think the seal was very disappointed. The seal thought I was just another seal, I realized. One most important thing in a seal’s life is eating. So perhaps this seal was worried about me. She didn’t want me to go hungry. She brought me some more penguins. She even tried to show me how to eat them. The seal tried to push penguins into my camera because she thought the camera was my mouth!

I understood that she was trying to feed me. But I think that she was really trying to communicate with me. By now, she didn’t seem very dangerous. She stayed by me and tried to feed me for four days. One time, she noticed another seal come up behind me. She made a deep, warning sound and scared the other seal away. She then took that seal’s penguin and gave it to me.

Those four days were the most unbelievable experience I ever had as a wildlife photographer, because I got some amazing pictures. I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we expect. My relationship with this powerful and smart animal will stay with me forever.

1. The underlined word “threaten” in Paragraph 1 means         .

A．Follow.

B．Attack.

C．Cheat.

D．Feed.

2. The seal brought penguins to the writer as a(n)         .

A．gift

B．test

C．award

D．challenge

3. What was the writer’s most unbelievable experience?

A．The seal kept giving food to him.	B．The seal stole a penguin from him.
C．He took some wonderful pictures.	D．He tried to scare the seal away.

4. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To show how to deal with a seal in the sea.

B．To share a story of a man and a seal in the sea.

C．To tell the difference between humans and seals.

D．To encourage readers to try photographing a seal.

5 . A new research in Nature reveals that a warming world is increasing human-wildlife conflicts. “We found evidence of conflicts between people and wildlife exacerbated by climate change on six continents, in five different oceans, in marine systems, in freshwater systems-involving mammals, birds, fish and so on,” said lead author Briana Abrahms.

To identify trends, the team studied published, peer—reviewed incidents of human—wildlife conflicts and identified cases that were linked specifically to the effects of climate change. These include both short-term climate events-such as a drought-as well as longer-term changes. Warming in the Arctic, for example, is leading to loss of sea ice which has left polar bears short of food. They increasingly travel on land, sometimes entering human settlements and attacking people, as a recent incident in Alaska illustrates.

Most cases of human-wildlife conflicts linked to climate involve a shift in resources—not just for wildlife, but also for people.

A majority of cases on land also involved a change in precipitation (降水), which will continue to be affected by climate change. Many resulted in human deaths or injuries, as well as property damage. “Identifying and understanding this link between human-wildlife conflicts is not only a conservation issue,” said Abrahms. “It is also a social justice and human safety issue. These types of conflicts are likely to rise as climate change intensifies (加剧), particularly as mass migrations of people and wildlife increase and resources shift.”

But, it doesn’t have to be all bad news. “One major motivation in studying the link between climate change and human-wildlife conflicts is finding solutions,” said Abrahms. “As we learn about specific incidents, we can identify patterns and tends-and come up with interventions (干预) to try to address these conflicts.”

Some interventions may be as simple as public-awareness campaigns. Governments can also plan for times when extreme climate events will bring people and wildlife into closer contact. “Once you know the root causes of a conflict, you can design interventions to help both people and wildlife,” said Abrahms. “We can change.”

1. What does the underlined word “exacerbated” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Anticipated.

B．Perceived.

C．Worsened.

D．Faded.

2. Why does the author mention the case of polar bears in paragraph 2?

A．To show climate change can drive conflicts by altering animal habitats.

B．To compare humans’ behaviors with animal’s in increasing conflicts.

C．To inform humans of protecting wildlife in response to climate change.

D．To prove animals have a hard life in face of global warming nowadays.

3. Which of the following statements would Abrahms agree with?

A．Human-wildlife conflicts will be settled soon.

B．Human-wildlife conflicts can increase as resources shift.

C．There will be no conflicts if people and wildlife stay where they are.

D．The goal in studying human-wildlife conflicts is gaining support.

4. What does Abrahms think of interventions?

A．They are too simple.	B．They are out-of-date.
C．They are changeable.	D．They are beneficial.

6 . Our oversized, male Golden Retriever (金毛寻回犬), Rusty weighed much more than most Goldens. Though big, he was _________. When Karen, my 18-month-old daughter, held a cookie out to him, he’d take it gently. Wherever she went, Rusty would _________ her. If we grown-ups held out food for him, _________ , he ate it like a hungry wolf.

One day, I was occupied with chores all the morning in the kitchen. When I looked out the window, my heart _________! Our back yard had two levels, with stone steps leading from the lower level to the larger open area above. At the highest point of the steps was a _________ of 1.5 meters to the lower level. Then and there, I saw Karen on the upper level walking along the edge!

Though _________, I didn’t shout for fear of frightening her into losing _________ and falling to the ground below. Then I noticed Rusty beside her, moving to _________ the way. Not to be stopped, Karen walked to an open spot. Just as quickly, Rusty moved himself in front again, _________ her.

That repeated a couple of times. Finally, she got __________ and moved back to the center. Sighing with __________, I ran up immediately. “Come on, Karen,” I said, “Let’s go inside and get a __________.”

She clapped her hands and grabbed mine, making her way down slowly. Rusty stayed by her side, moving at her pace. When we got to the door, she __________ my hand and crawled through the doggy door. Rusty followed. This was how they got outside with the door __________. By the time I got to the kitchen, Karen and her four-legged nanny were waiting for the __________ cookie.

I never worried about Karen playing outside after that.

1.

A．weak

B．loving

C．restless

D．tolerant

2.

A．count on

B．take after

C．watch over

D．turn to

3.

A．moreover

B．indeed

C．thus

D．however

4.

A．died

B．ached

C．melted

D．sank

5.

A．drop

B．climb

C．width

D．length

6.

A．overjoyed

B．embarrassed

C．ashamed

D．panicked

7.

A．temper

B．balance

C．heart

D．interest

8.

A．block

B．guide

C．find

D．push

9.

A．pleasing

B．rescuing

C．guarding

D．encouraging

10.

A．anxious

B．excited

C．frustrated

D．confident

11.

A．sorrow

B．relief

C．satisfaction

D．desperation

12.

A．rest

B．walk

C．cookie

D．prize

13.

A．loosened

B．squeezed

C．took

D．rubbed

14.

A．unlocked

B．broken

C．open

D．shut

15.

A．promised

B．selected

C．hand-made

D．newly-bought

7 . Huge numbers of migrating (迁徙) birds visit cities all around the world on their extraordinary journeys, which often cover thousands of kilometers. Some appear to be attracted by light. Others seem to enjoy the food on offer. But cities are not always friendly to outsiders. Some migrating birds, for example, are killed by cats while others collide (碰撞) with buildings.

What draws birds to big cities in the first place? It could largely be to do with light, says Barbara Frei at Environment and Climate Change Canada, a department of the Canadian government. No one knows exactly why birds are attracted to artificial light at night but there is enough evidence for this effect. One possibility, Frei says, is that birds which use starlight and other phenomena to navigate (导航) are naturally attracted by points of light.

More than 100 years ago, the Irish ornithologist (鸟类学家) Charles Patten was stationed at a lighthouse off the coast of Ireland where he observed this phenomenon first-hand. According to his reports, groups of migrating birds would fly towards the lighthouse and, unfortunately for them, crash into its windows. But back then, sources of very bright, artificial light were uncommon, whereas today electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.

It is important to ensure that cities are accommodating for wildlife, says Frei. Bird migration routes just happen to bring them close to many cities all around the world, and our bright light draws them in. Frei proposes that urban planning take this into account. The designers of every new park or housing estate could include some plants suitable for birds and other species, for instance. “We should plan it for all different things together——it’s good for people; it’s good for the planet; It’s good for the wildlife.” she asserts. “we need to think of cities as ecosystems. if we think about it, we are the masters of this ecosystem and we can decide how to manage this place.”

1. Which problem may be faced by migrating birds in the city?

A．They could be shot by hunters.

B．The food on offer may be poisonous.

C．Their lives are threatened by some animals.

D．They may run into some means of transportation.

2. What is most likely to attract birds to the city?

A．Artificial light.	B．The lighthouse.
C．Starlight.	D．Moonlight.

3. What can we infer from the third paragraph?

A．Artificial light is harmful to migrating birds.

B．More and more birds pour into the city.

C．Lighthouses help birds identify their directions.

D．Man-made light sources were rich in the past.

4. What suggestion does Frei make for future urban planning?

A．Ecosystems should be better protected.

B．People should fit more artificial light.

C．The number of artificial light should be increased.

D．People should improve the living conditions of wildlife.

8 . With more and more people swimming at beaches every year, the problem of sharks takes on new importance. There are people who still insist that sharks never attack human beings unless they are bleeding or wounded, but this thought has not been clearly proved. In the past few years, on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, there have been cases of shark attacks which resulted in death. And just how many of the swimmers who have disappeared were victims of shark attacks will never be known. Clearly, these violent fish can be dangerous. Several species are known to attack human beings, and it is believed by some experts that certain sharks, once having tasted human blood, develop a taste for it.

The chances that one will come across a shark are small, but certain measures should be taken by everyone. Putting hands or legs over the side of a boat in warm water is to be avoided. Swimming far out from beaches is inviting trouble. No swimmer should go great distances from shore alone, or go into the water when nobody else is about. Skin divers, particularly those who go deep down in the water or among rocks and ledges(暗礁) that serve as hiding places for sharks, are taking unnecessary risks.

If one is in a boat that is rubbed against by a shark, he should remember the creature is not trying to upset his boat; it is probably trying to rub off sea lice (海虱). A beat, especially on the nose, will scare it away. If a swimmer comes across a shark, he should swim away as quietly as possible, trying to avoid making it angry. He should also head for shore (岸) as quickly as possible.

1. What should be done if a shark rubs against your boat?

A．Stir up the water.	B．Shout and scream.
C．Kick the shark.	D．Hit it on the nose.

2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Certain sharks will become interested in human blood when they have tasted it.

B．Certain sharks will hate human blood again after they have tasted it.

C．Certain sharks will taste human blood every day after they have tasted it.

D．Certain sharks will lose sense of taste when they have tasted human blood.

3. Where do sharks sometimes hide themselves?

A．Places with sea lice in water.	B．Somewhere near the beaches.
C．Among the rocks and ledges.	D．It isn’t mentioned in the passage.

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Some people don’t think sharks will attack human .

B．It’s impossible for swimmers to run into sharks.

C．Swimmers should be very careful about sharks.

D．It’s safe to swim alone far away from the bench.

9 . During the 20th century, an estimated 3 million great whales were hunted to provide humans with oil, meat and rose fertiliser. Roger Payne, a biologist and environmentalist, spurred (推动) a worldwide environmental conservation movement with his discovery that whales could sing.

This discovery was made in 1967 during his research trip to Bermuda (百慕大) when a navy engineer provided him with a recording of curious underwater sounds documented. Payne identified the tones as songs whales sing to one another and he was conscious from the start that whale song was to get the public interested in protecting an animal previously considered little more than a resource, curiosity or nuisance.

Payne saw the discovery of whale song as a chance to spur interest in saving the giant animals, who were disappearing from the planet. In 1970, Payne released the album Songs of the Humpback Whale. The record, a surprise hit, fueled a global movement to end the practice of commercial whale hunting and save the whales from extinction. It remains the bestselling environmental album in history.

The impact of the whale song discovery on the early environmental movement was immense. Many antiwar protesters of the day took on saving animals and the environment as a new cause. The humpback whale became the icon of a new environmental awareness. And the whales entered pop culture, no longer the fearsome beasts. In 1977, the whale calls were loaded on to the Voyager probes and sent into outer space.

Payne, graduating from Harvard University and Cornell University with a doctor’s degree, authored or co authored dozens of scientific papers, gave hundreds of lectures, made countless television programmes and films, and led 100 oceanic expeditions. Payne had started an ambitious new project: CETI, a combination of scientists using new technology to interpret what whales might be “saying”.

1. What caused the decline of the whale population in the 20^th century?

A．Habitat loss.	B．The climate change.
C．Uncontrolled hunting.	D．The ocean pollution.

2. What was the purpose of releasing the album of whale songs?

A．To boost interest in protecting whales.	B．To satisfy people’s curiosity about sea.
C．To achieve great commercial success.	D．To earn a reputation as a researcher.

3. Which of the following can best describe Roger Payne?

A．Considerate.	B．Accomplished.
C．Courageous.	D．Patient.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The conservation of ocean environment.

B．Efforts to awake public ocean awareness.

C．A high-tech way to document whale tones.

D．A whale protection campaign by a biologist.

10 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A child was standing on a street-corner. He leaned with one shoulder against a high board-fence and swayed the other to and fro, while kicking carelessly at the gravel.

Sunshine beat upon the cobbles (鹅卵石), and a lazy summer wind raised yellow dust which trailed in clouds down the avenue. Clattering trucks moved with indistinctness through it. The child stood dreamily gazing.

After a time, a little dark-brown dog came trotting with an intent air down the sidewalk. A short rope was dragging from his neck. Occasionally he trod upon the end of it and stumbled.

He stopped opposite the child, and the two regarded each other. The dog hesitated for a moment, but presently he made some little advances with his tail. The child put out his hand and called him. In an apologetic manner, the dog came close, and the two had an interchange of friendly pattings and waggles. The dog became more enthusiastic with each moment of the interview, until with his gleeful caperings he threatened to overturn the child. Whereupon the child lifted his hand and struck the dog with a blow upon the head.

This thing seemed to overpower and astonish the little dark-brown dog, and wounded him to the heart. He sank down in despair at the child’s feet. When the blow was repeated, together with an admonition (警告) in childish sentences, he turned over upon his back, and held his paws in a peculiar (奇怪的) manner. At the same time, with his ears and his eyes, he offered a small prayer to the child.

He looked so comical on his back, and holding his paws peculiarly, that the child was greatly amused and gave him little taps repeatedly, to keep him so. But the little dark-brown dog took this chastisement (惩罚) in the most serious way, and no doubt considered that he had committed some grave crime, for he wriggled contritely and showed his repentance in every way that was in his power. He pleaded with the child and petitioned him, and offered more prayers.

At last the child grew weary of this amusement and turned toward home. The dog was praying at the time. He lay on his back and turned his eyes upon the retreating form.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150字左右；
2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。

Presently he struggled to his feet and started after the child. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The child beat his pursuer with a small stick he had found. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________