1 . Young students can, and do, make a big difference. As an educator, you have the opportunity to spark (触发) a passion in students that will drive them to do their part to take care of the Earth. Here are activities you could add to your lesson plans to inspire your students on Earth Day:
Make signs for school and at home
Sometimes we just need a little reminder to help us change our habits. Have students think about what they can do at school and at home to help the environment and how they can encourage others to change their habits.
Make a video or presentation urging others to take action
Students can make a bigger impact if they influence others to do their part to protect the environment. Putting together a video or presentation also helps them internalize the material itself — they need to understand it before they can explain it to others. Presentations can be given in the classroom or even to the whole school. Eventually, they may be able to present their lessons and research at a local conference.
Show them examples of other students making a real difference
It's important for students to see examples of young environmentalists so they know they don't need to wait until they're older to make a difference. Learning about the work these young people are doing can give your students new ideas for how to protect the environment. It can open the door of possibilities for how to think about finding solutions to problems they can help solve.
Earth Day isn't just on April 22. It's every day. How will you celebrate Earth Day and help students make a difference year-round?
1. Who is the text written for?A.Students. | B.Teachers. | C.Environmentalists. | D.Parents. |
A.Make signs. | B.Make a video or presentation. |
C.Make lesson plans. | D.Show other students' examples. |
A.It helps make friends. | B.It improves learning results. |
C.It guarantees success. | D.It inspires immediate action. |
2 . Researchers have discovered a unique group of polar bears who’ve survived in the absence of sea ice: by hunting from the ice that breaks off glaciers (冰川). The bears live in southeast Greenland and are a genetically(基因地) distinct subpopulation, which suggests they’ve been separated from other polar bears for around 200 years, according to a paper published this week in Science.
“The findings show us how some polar bears might survive under climate change. but I don’t think glacier habitat is going to support huge numbers of polar bears,” said Kristin Laidre, a polar research scientist at the University of Washington. “There’s just not enough of it. We still expect to see large declines in polar bears across the Arctic under climate change.”
When temporary ice sheets form on the ocean during each fall’s freeze, the bears walk across it in search of food, often by sitting next to gaps in the ice and waiting for seals to come up for air. When the ice melts (融化) in spring, polar bears typically survive between 100 and 180 days without food until the ice forms again. As temperatures rise, however, that period is becoming longer, which is harming the bears and pushing them toward starvation. The bears living in southeast Greenland go even longer without sea ice—around 250 days. But they’ve been able to continue bunting during that period by using large pieces of ice that break off from glaciers into the water.
There are roughly 26, 000 polar bears remaining across the globe. Though the southeast Greenland bears have adapted to surviving in their surroundings, rising temperatures may ultimately cause their glacial ice to shrink, too. As Steve Armstrup, a scientist with Polar Bears International says, the study “is not some kind of effective rescue for polar bears”. While the southeast Greenland bears are able to hunt through glacial ice today, he says, “In the future, that will change unless we arrest the rise of global greenhouse gases.”
1. What do we know about the newly- found polar bears?A.They exist in large numbers. | B.They have genetically changed. |
C.They do better in hunting seals. | D.They survive longer without food. |
A.Keeping global warming under control. |
B.Moving many polar bears south. |
C.Preventing glacial ice breaking. |
D.Finding new habitats for polar bears. |
A.Polar Bears Find New Opportunities |
B.Polar Bears Suffer From Lack of Ice |
C.Polar Bears Survive in Iceless Regions |
D.Polar Bears Decline With Climate Change |
A.Lifestyle. | B.Health. | C.Travel. | D.Environment. |
3 . Would you like to do something to help make our city a better place to live in? Why not take part in “Clean & Green weekend”? Join us, and you can make new friends and help protect the environment at the same time.
Park Life
Do you like playing and relaxing in the park with your friends? If so, why not take the chance to come with us and tidy up the park when you go? To add some fun, there is a gift for the person who collects the most rubbish! Meet us at the south entrance to Taohe Park at 9 a. m. next Saturday if you want to join in.
The Air You Breathe
A great way to make the air we breathe cleaner is by planting lots of trees! It is a fact that trees slowly filter (过滤) a lot of pollutants (污染物) from the air. So come and help us plant some new ones in Fenhe Park at 2 p. m. next Sunday.
War on Graffiti (涂鸦)
Some people think graffiti is cool. Well, it is not! The best way to stop buildings from becoming totally covered in ugly graffiti is to fix it as soon as possible. And that is exactly what we are going to do. We are repainting the school walls from 1 p. m. on Saturday. You don’t have to bring any tools, just remember to wear some old clothes!
1. The main purpose of “Clean & Green Weekend” is to ________.A.make our city more beautiful | B.offer the chance to have fun |
C.help students meet old friends | D.have a nice weekend |
A.By tidying the park. | B.By planting trees. |
C.By repainting the school walls. | D.By protecting the environment. |
A.draw pictures well | B.bring some tools with us |
C.wear some old clothes | D.wear some new clothes |
4 . Greenhouse-gas emissions have produced the planet more than 1°C (1.8°F) warmer than it was in the pre-industrial days. Its atmosphere is producing heavy weather in ways both predicted and surprising. And, with emissions continuing, it will get worse.
Unfortunately, 2021 will probably be one of the 21st century’s coolest years. If temperatures rise by 3°C above pre-industrial levels in the coming decades — as they might even if everyone manages to honour today’s firm promises — large parts of the tropics risk becoming too hot for outdoor work. Coral reefs and the livelihood that depend on them will disappear and the Amazon rainforest will become a ghost of itself. Severe harvest failures will be commonplace. Ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland will shrink (缩小) past the point of no return, promising sea rises measured not in millimetres, as today’s are, but in metres.
Six years ago, in Paris, the countries of the world committed themselves to avoiding the worst of that nightmare by removing greenhouse-gas emissions quickly enough to hold the temperature rise below 2°C. Their progress towards that end remains seriously inadequate. Yet even if their efforts increased dramatically enough to meet the 2°C goal, it would not stop forests from burning today; prairies (草原) would still dry out tomorrow, rivers break their banks and mountain glaciers disappear.
Cutting emissions is thus not enough. The world also urgently needs to invest in adapting to the changing climate. The good news is that adaptation makes political sense. People can clearly see the need for it. When a country invests in flood defenses, it benefits its own citizens above all others — there is no free-rider problem, as there could be for emissions reduction. So All the governments should make a broader move to increase investment in adaptation. More such efforts are vital.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A.The weather will become better in the future. |
B.The earth in the pre-industrial days was warmer. |
C.Bad weather is often caused by greenhouse gases. |
D.The appearance of bad weather is always expected. |
A.Crops will fail a little now and a little then. |
B.The melting ice will cause a sharp rise in sea level. |
C.People can still make a living by relying on coral reefs. |
D.It will be too hot for people to work outdoors all over the world. |
A.None of the investment money comes from the nation. |
B.The disasters would be avoided if the 2°C goal could be met. |
C.When a country invests in flood defenses, its own citizens benefits most. |
D.All the countries are trying to avoid the worst result by reducing the emission. |
A.To analyse the possibility of meeting the 2°C goal. |
B.To introduce a new method to study greenhouse-gas emissions. |
C.To assess the consequences of cutting greenhouse-gas emissions. |
D.To call each country government to raise investment in adaptation. |
5 . Rainforests are home to all sorts of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single bush (灌木丛) in the Amazon may have more species of ants than the whole of Britain! About 480 kinds of trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest.
Rainforests are the lungs (肺) of the planet—storing carbon dioxide (CO2) and producing oxygen (O2). Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own living; the tall trees make a canopy (树冠层) of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, serious dry heat from the sun and strong winds.
Amazingly, the trees’ leaves and branches, although close together, never actually touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the plants’ way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. To live in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the gaps. The ground floor of the forest is not all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually very clear. It is where dead leaves turn into food for the trees and other forest life.
They are not called rainforests for nothing! Rainforests can produce 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal—and in some areas there may be as much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real rain—your umbrella may protect you in a shower, but it won’t keep you dry if there is a full rainstorm. In just two hours, streams can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity (湿气) of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds that may travel to other countries in need of rain.
1. What can we learn about rainforests from Paragraph 1?A.They produce oxygen. | B.They cover a large area. |
C.They provide food for animals. | D.They are rich in wildlife. |
A.mixed | B.clear | C.organized | D.dead |
A.The Law of the Rainforest | B.Life-Giving Rainforests |
C.Animals in the Amazon | D.Weather in Rainforests |
6 . The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there’s a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.
Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can’t collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.
In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic(合成的) clothing can produce more than 1, 900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.
This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.
Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental “solution.” Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design-his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn’t get a satisfying answer. Only one women’s clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.
1. What has happened during the past five years?A.Fabric has become much stronger. | B.Plastic pollution has been less serious. |
C.Many plastic bottles have been reused. | D.Microfibers have been greatly improved. |
A.It is adding microfibers to the clothes. |
B.It is worsening environmental problems. |
C.It is making synthetic clothes last longer. |
D.It is doing great damage to washing machines. |
A.It has achieved great success. | B.It hasn’t got anything done. |
C.It is known to very few people. | D.It is facing some difficulties. |
A.It’s important to learn to recycle |
B.It’s never easy to solve pollution problems |
C.Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution? |
D.Are human beings moving forward or backward? |
7 . Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do.
Spread awareness. One way to protect endangered animals is to create awareness about them.
Drive carefully in forest areas. It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them.
Avoid plastic items. Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river?
A.Change your regular routine. |
B.So, we highly suggest careful use of water. |
C.Spend time rescuing animals in your locality. |
D.Sadly, this does not have universal acceptance. |
E.So we can save their lives by being more careful. |
F.It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death. |
G.You can create local community groups that work for this cause. |
8 . Going on holiday doesn’t have to be bad for the environment, and there are still plenty of ways you can have a much-deserved break without harming the environment.
Forget planes. While most forms of transport produce carbon dioxide, planes have a massive carbon footprint because of the huge number of miles they travel.
Pack with care.
Buy gifts responsibly.Bringing back gifts for friends and loved ones is part of the fun of a holiday.
A.Think about green accommodation. |
B.Consider living in an eco-friendly hotel. |
C.But make sure you choose items carefully. |
D.Take brand-name beauty and bath products with you. |
E.It’s also acceptable to live in a hotel using new energy. |
F.So why not skip flying in favor of a holiday closer to home? |
G.So why do planes consume so much fuel compared with other transport? |
9 . Sarah Toumi, a young girl growing up in France, had a dream of becoming a leader who could make a positive impact on the world. Her desire to help others was awakened when she accompanied her Tunisian father to his hometown in the eastern part of Tunisia during vacations. During her time there, she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi personally witnessed the negative effects of desertification (沙漠化). She realized that within 10 years, wealthy farmers had become worse off. Toumi was determined to stop the progression of the Sahara Desert. Due to a decrease in average rainfall and an increase in severe droughts (干旱), nearly 75% of Tunisia’s agricultural lands are currently at risk of desertification.
Toumi understood the need for a change in farming practices. She firmly believed that even small plots of land could bring significant returns if farmers were willing to adapt. This adaptation involved planting sustainable crops, using advanced water treatment technologies, and using natural products and fertilizers (肥料) instead of chemical alternatives.
In 2012, Toumi took a decisive step towards realizing her dream of fighting desertification. She moved to Tunisia and set up a program called Acacias for All, with the aim of putting her sustainable farming ideas into action. “I want to show young people in the countryside that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living without water.”
By September 2016, over 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with a survival rate of 60% reported by farmers. Toumi estimates that around 3 million acacia trees are required to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She plans to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the coming years, Toumi aims to promote the program to Algeria and Morocco.
1. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?A.They made her decide to leave the country. | B.They helped her better understand her father. |
C.They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. | D.They inspired her to take action to help others. |
A.Cold weather. | B.Soil pollution. | C.Low rainfall. | D.Forest damage. |
A.To ensure access to primary education for children. |
B.To promote the protection of agricultural land. |
C.To create job opportunities for young people. |
D.To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. |
A.Determined and helpful. | B.Considerate and calm. |
C.Wealthy and academic. | D.Thankful and flexible. |
10 . Latin America’s first renewable fuel-powered, trash-trapping wheel is cleaning one of Panama’s dirtiest rivers. A local environmental group led the effort.
The wheel is powered by water and sun energy. It pulls waste out of the Juan Diaz River. Most of the waste comes from the capital area of Panama City, where about 2 million people live. Thousands of kilograms of rubbish flow down the river into the ocean each year.
Robert Getman is the leader of the project. “Cleaning beaches is good,” he said, “but it is more effective and cheaper to trap rubbish in rivers because when it reaches the ocean, the environmental and economic cost becomes too high.”
The environmental group Marea Verde created the wheel, which is named Wanda Diaz, in late September. By the middle of October, Wanda had gathered 28. 6 cubic meters of plastic bottles from the water.
The Juan Diaz River is one of the most polluted in Panama. Waste systems in the area are poor, and land development is not well supervised. The river also passes through Panama City, one of Central America’s largest cities.
Over five years, Marea Verde projects have slowed the spread of rubbish along Panama’s rivers and coastline. Earlier, the group introduced its “Barrier or Trash”technology, a floating device. It caught more than 100 metric tons of waste in the Matias Hernandez River between 2019 and 2020.
“We want to raise awareness that we can prevent the death of this very important river,”said Marea Verde member Sandy Watemberg. She expressed her hope that the wheel will help. But she also pointed to the need for those who use single-use plastics to rethink their behavior. “The most important thing is to achieve a change in habits,” she said.
1. What makes the wheel the first of its kind?A.Its size. | B.Its power. | C.Its shape. | D.Its color. |
A.We’d better remove rubbish before it enters the sea. |
B.We should clean beaches so as not to pollute the sea. |
C.It’s cheap for humans to clean up the ocean. |
D.It’s better to leave waste in the sea than in the river. |
A.Supposed. | B.Protected. | C.Accepted. | D.Controlled. |
A.Support the project. | B.Use single-use plastics more. |
C.Change their habits. | D.Realize the danger the river is in. |