1 . Clockmaking is a traditional technology which involves the building and repair of clocks. But it is now on the red list drawn up by the Heritage Crafts Association (HCA), which has warned more specialists are retiring than entering the profession.
David Poole, a former master of the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers, said, “Although there used to be clockmakers on the street, a clock repair shop is a rare sight today.” Waiting lists will just grow, and people will find it extremely difficult to identify anyone to repair their clocks. There are only about 250 makers and repairers left across Britain, according to HCA’s research.
When specialists are approaching retirement, they often cannot afford to take on apprentices (学徒) as happened in the past. Besides, it is feared that the few training courses that have survived will not fill the gap.
Howard Walwyn, a leading dealer in Kensington, warned that, if expertise in repairing is lost, clocks will become lifeless objects rather than living things, adding, “Most clockmakers have fiddled with clocks as kids, taking them apart, and trying to get them to work. The problem is that young kids now are spending all their time in front of screens. I’ve got some younger clockmakers, but they’re few and far between.”
“There are also concerns that too many clockmakers are prepared to use modern mechanical solutions to make a clock work, even if those solutions are aesthetically (审美地) wrong,” said Jonathan Betts, an adviser to the National Trust. He added, “Museum collections and more sensitive private collectors would much rather not have a clock cleaned so it looks brand new, but an awful lot of restorers reject that. “Mr Poole, who became a clockmaker in the 1990s, said, “There are few people coming into the business. Most people who are in it are edging towards retirement, so am I. If people aren’t skilled, all those lovely things won’t be looked after properly.”
1. What phenomenon does the author describe in paragraph 2?A.Clockmakers are in great need. |
B.The clockmaking industry is declining. |
C.Clock repair shops are common. |
D.It is rare for people to repair their clocks. |
A.They compared with apprentices. | B.They took the training course. |
C.They collected some clocks. | D.They employed apprentices. |
A.Begun. | B.Argued. | C.Played. | D.Broken. |
A.Many repairers adopt modern methods in clockmaking. |
B.Many restorers are incapable of fixing mechanical clocks. |
C.Private collectors show no interest in traditional techniques. |
D.Museums refuse to include cleaned clocks in their collections. |
2 . Aloha is perhaps one of the most recognized words in the world. Many
Arica Lynn Souza, whose
“I
Kaliko Kaauamo is a Hawaiian-language expert and curriculum designer. When asked what aloha looks like, she quickly paints a
During a disaster, community members usually
A.children | B.businesses | C.speakers | D.families |
A.treat | B.greet | C.praise | D.help |
A.disaster | B.phenomenon | C.idea | D.incident |
A.terrible | B.tasty | C.traditional | D.expensive |
A.started | B.survived | C.missed | D.recorded |
A.forest | B.shop | C.home | D.school |
A.needs | B.accepts | C.ignores | D.dislikes |
A.cold | B.comfortable | C.reasonable | D.special |
A.escaped | B.dropped | C.argued | D.separated |
A.vivid | B.bright | C.funny | D.sad |
A.carelessly | B.immediately | C.unnecessarily | D.hardly |
A.in person | B.in advance | C.in return | D.in ruins |
A.romantic | B.realistic | C.conditional | D.selfless |
A.turn | B.tend | C.refuse | D.pretend |
A.constant | B.unhealthy | C.understandable | D.sudden |
1. 介绍你班同学使用手机的情况;
2. 你的感受和建议。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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4 . Creative people are more likely to make the most of their idle (空闲的) time during a typical day by exploring their mind, a new study by University of Arizona researchers suggests.
In the study, the researchers divided the study into two parts. For the first experiment, the researchers asked each participant to sit alone in a room for 10 minutes without any access to digital devices. In the absence of any particular prompt (提示), the participants were asked to speak out their thoughts aloud in real time. The recorded files from 81 participants were then analyzed.
The researchers assessed the participants’ creativity through a thinking test, a lab-based verbal test that measures a person’s ability to think outside of the box. Participants who performed well in the thinking test had thoughts that flowed freely and were associated with one another, often indicated by phrases such as “this reminds me of” or “speaking of which”.
“While many participants had a tendency to jump between seemingly unrelated thoughts, creative individuals showed signs of thinking more associatively,” Raffaeli said, who was a senior author of the paper.
The first experiment also found that creative people were more engaged in their thoughts when they were left alone without distractions (干扰), such as the cellphone and Internet. “Creative people rated themselves as being less bored, even over those 10 minutes. They also spoke more words overall, which indicated that their thoughts were more likely to move freely,” Raffaeli said.
To further prove their initial findings, the researchers extended their study in the context of a much larger span of time—from 2020 to 2023 when many people were alone with their thoughts more often. For the second experiment, over 2,600 adults answered questions through a smartphone app called Mind Window. Participants who self-identified as being creative reported being less bored and more engaged in their thoughts during that period.
The researchers are continuing this line of work using their Mind Window app. They encourage people to download and use the app to help scientists understand how people across the world think in their everyday lives. “Understanding why different people think the way they do may lead to promising interventions to improve health and well-being,” Raffaeli said.
1. What were the participants asked to do in the first experiment?A.Play digital devices for just 10 minutes. |
B.Voice their thoughts quickly when asked. |
C.Observe and record each other’s performance. |
D.Make self-assessment in a thinking test. |
A.They often had associated ideas. |
B.They thought of anything as a reminder. |
C.They preferred to sit alone without being distracted. |
D.They tended to jump between unrelated thoughts. |
A.To analyze their own thoughts. | B.To try out the function of the app. |
C.To keep track of their thinking. | D.To improve their own mental well-being. |
A.Idle Time Makes Creative People |
B.Creative Thoughts Appear in Idle Time |
C.Creative People Are Less Affected by Distraction |
D.Creative People Enjoy Idle Time More Than Others |
5 . Reducing food waste is easy — just ask the students at a school in Wood bridge, America, who have become experts at sorting their lunchtime trash (垃圾). Since the fall of 2019, they have actively participated in a successful food-waste diversion program that not only saves money but also contributes to reducing the amount of trash that heads to landfills.
Actually, this program plays a crucial role in facing up to the challenges of climate change. By reducing food waste,the school minimizes the amount of trash sent to landfills, thereby reducing harmful methane emissions (沼气排放). The school’s program is making a significant impact. Each month, it moves over 1,300 pounds of food waste, resulting in an estimated reduction of 772 pounds in CO, emissions and the production of 180 kilowatt-hours of energy, according to Blue Earth Compost in America.
At school, when students are done eating lunch, they head to an appointed section — a row of desks, garbage cans and containers — where they sort their trash. Leftover liquids, such as juice or milk,are emptied into a big basin on the floor. The juice containers and plastic water bottles are placed into another container to recycle. Additionally, prepackaged, unopened snacks such as bags of carrots as well as produce such as apples and bananas are “rescued” and placed into a big basket with a handwritten “Donations” sign taped to it to send to the town’s senior center.
The benefits extend beyond environmental awareness. The program reduces trash-carrying costs as less weight goes into the trash bins,making it easier for cleaners to manage. The students also find this planet-friendly practice enjoyable and meaningful, considering it a small game that contributes to a bigger cause. This initiative proves that collective efforts, even on a smaller scale, can lead to significant changes, not only in waste reduction but also in educating a generation committed to preserving our planet.
1. What does the food-waste reduction program focus on at the school in Wood bridge?A.Saving school food. |
B.Donating unopened snacks. |
C.Fertilizing the school’s garden. |
D.Minimizing harmful gases emissions. |
A.It leads to food cost reducing. |
B.It helps with energy production. |
C.It improves waste management. |
D.It addresses climate change effectively. |
A.Saved. | B.Frozen. | C.Abandoned. | D.Repurposed |
A.It is costly but highly effective. |
B.It is easy to perform and cost-saving. |
C.It is expensive and difficult to apply. |
D.It is only accessible in large companies. |
6 . BE A GOOD TOURIST
Tourism can be both good and bad.
One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination. Tourists have used paint, rocks, or even keys to write on the Luxor temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places.
The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the problem of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one!
A.Be smart, curious and creative tourist. |
B.Be the best, kindest, and most considerate tourist possible. |
C.Here are examples of traveling without permission |
D.Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who love them to death. |
E.I have some words for tourists like this: please be considerate towards the local people. |
F.Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life. |
G.Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. |
7 . In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.
The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye. It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection. “Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative. We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.
Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.
It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open. Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.
1. What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2?A.The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes |
B.The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry. |
C.The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs. |
D.The challenging net zero targets to be achieved. |
A.By making a comparison. | B.By listing numbers |
C.By giving examples. | D.By introducing a new topic |
A.A protest against turning to natural fiber. |
B.An objection to recycling old clothing |
C.A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing |
D.A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry |
A.The Environmental Impact of Natural Dyeing |
B.The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal |
C.Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden Presentation |
D.The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges |
8 . Over the past few decades, technology has profoundly transformed the way we live and work. The digital revolution has brought about
In the realm of employment, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping job markets. Routine tasks that were once carried out by humans are now
The education sector has not been immune to technological advancements either. Online learning platforms and digital resources have
Communication has been revolutionized by technology as well. Social media platforms enable instantaneous global
Healthcare has witnessed the integration of technology through telemedicine and remote monitoring. While these innovations improve access to medical services, they also raise questions about the
In the realm of creativity, technology has opened new avenues for artistic expression. Digital art, virtual reality experiences, and interactive storytelling have
The environment benefits from technology through innovations in renewable energy and resource management. Yet, the
In conclusion, technology’s far-reaching influence touches every aspect of our lives. Its
A.incremental | B.revolutionary | C.gradual | D.minimal |
A.profound | B.superficial | C.theoretical | D.casual |
A.substituted | B.enhanced | C.abandoned | D.detected |
A.suppressed | B.triggered | C.alleviated | D.sparked |
A.surpassed | B.preserved | C.substituted | D.revived |
A.digital | B.analytical | C.cognitive | D.interpersonal |
A.correspondence | B.connectivity | C.isolation | D.suspension |
A.solved | B.raised | C.suppressed | D.established |
A.protection | B.vulnerability | C.anticipation | D.interpretation |
A.extended | B.imposed | C.enforced | D.dissolved |
A.preservation | B.authenticity | C.distortion | D.manipulation |
A.insignificant | B.extensive | C.marginal | D.deliberate |
A.beneficial | B.detrimental | C.ambiguous | D.prevalent |
A.implications | B.consequences | C.limitations | D.requirements |
A.promising | B.potential | C.evident | D.underlying |
9 . Cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, have revolutionized the way we think about money and transactions. These digital assets are based on blockchain technology, a decentralized and transparent system that enables secure peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks.
The potential applications of cryptocurrencies extend beyond simple transactions. Smart contracts, for instance, are self-executing contracts with terms directly written into code. They automatically execute and enforce the terms of an agreement when specific conditions are met. This technology has implications across various industries, from supply chain management to real estate.
However, the rise of cryptocurrencies has also given rise to challenges. One major concern is their volatility. The value of cryptocurrencies can fluctuate dramatically within short periods, making them risky investment options. Additionally, the pseudonymous nature of transactions has led to debates about the potential for illicit activities, such as money laundering and tax evasion.
Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are grappling with how to classify, regulate, and tax cryptocurrencies. The decentralized nature of these digital assets challenges traditional regulatory frameworks. Some countries have embraced cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, while others have implemented strict regulations or outright bans.
The future of cryptocurrencies is still uncertain. Proponents believe they could reshape the financial system, enabling greater financial inclusion and efficiency. Critics worry about their potential negative impacts and the need for more comprehensive regulations to protect consumers and prevent misuse.
1. How do cryptocurrencies enable secure transactions without intermediaries?A.They rely on banks to facilitate transactions. |
B.They are based on blockchain technology. |
C.They require government oversight for security. |
D.They use smart contracts for validation. |
A.A contract executed by banks for digital transactions. |
B.A contract written in human-readable language. |
C.A contract enforced by intermediaries. |
D.A self-executing contract with terms in code |
A.Their stable and predictable value. |
B.Their potential to replace traditional currency. |
C.Their susceptibility to fluctuations. |
D.Their resistance to technological advancements. |
A.Most countries have embraced cryptocurrencies without regulations. |
B.Governments have adopted uniform regulations for cryptocurrencies. |
C.Governments have struggled to regulate and classify cryptocurrencies. |
D.All countries have implemented strict bans on cryptocurrencies. |
10 . The concept of universal basic income (UBI) has gained significant attention in recent years as societies grapple with the potential impacts of automation and technological advancements on the job market. UBI is a proposed economic policy in which all citizens or residents of a country receive a regular, unconditional cash payment from the government.
Proponents of UBI argue that it could address issues such as poverty, income inequality, and job displacement caused by automation. By providing a basic income floor, individuals would have financial stability to cover their essential needs, even if traditional employment opportunities diminish. This, in turn, could foster entrepreneurship, creativity, and pursuit of education.
Critics, however, raise several concerns about the feasibility and consequences of UBI. One major concern is the potential cost of implementing such a program. Providing a universal basic income to an entire population would require significant financial resources, which could strain government budgets and lead to increased taxation. Additionally, some worry that UBI might discourage people from actively seeking employment or pursuing career advancement, as they may opt for a guaranteed income without the need for work.
Furthermore, UBI may not fully address the complexities of poverty and inequality. It could overlook the structural factors that contribute to these issues, such as lack of access to quality education and healthcare. Critics argue that a more effective approach would involve targeted social programs that address the root causes of poverty and offer assistance where it is most needed.
As the debate around UBI continues, policymakers and economists grapple with questions about its implementation, impact on work incentives, and potential to reshape social and economic dynamics.
1. What is universal basic income (UBI)?A.A cash payment for citizens during technological advancements. |
B.An unconditional cash payment for government employees. |
C.A policy where all citizens receive regular cash from the government. |
D.Financial resources for entrepreneurs and creative individuals. |
A.It could discourage education due to guaranteed income. |
B.It could increase access to quality education. |
C.It could lead to more job opportunities |
D.It could support traditional employment opportunities. |
A.Lack of access to quality education and healthcare. |
B.The potential cost and funding of the program. |
C.UBI’s impact on social and economic dynamics. |
D.UBI’s focus on entrepreneurship over traditional jobs. |
A.Providing unconditional cash payments to all citizens. |
B.Focusing solely on technological advancements. |
C.Implementing targeted social programs addressing root causes. |
D.Relying on traditional employment opportunities. |