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上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
上海 高一 期末 2024-01-17 123次 整体难度: 适中 考查范围: 主题、语篇范围、单词辨析、语法、短语辨析

一、语法填空 添加题型下试题

语法填空-短文语填(约140词) | 适中(0.65)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样给植物浇水。
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

How to Water Plants

All plants need water. The watering of plants plays a major role in helping plants grow healthily. It seems simple but actually requires many considerations.

Let’s take a close look at the water plants need first. Plants     1     grow in places with low rainfall require more water. And plants     2     ability to adjust themselves to dry conditions is strong can live with less watering.

When it comes to tools, a garden pipe (管子) long enough to reach the furthest part of the garden     3     (prefer). This ensures enough water is provided for the plants and helps to make watering much     4     (easy).

An inexperienced gardener may water a little each time but several times a day. This is undesirable     5     it does not help roots to grow deep. Besides, we’d better avoid watering in full sun     6     the leaves won’t lose water quickly from the surface.

2024-01-17更新 | 35次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
语法填空-短文语填(约170词) | 适中(0.65)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代成人礼。
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

18th Birthday in China

In China many people celebrate their 18th birthday as an important one because that suggests coming of age, which is    7     term used to describe the transition between childhood and adulthood. It marks the beginning     8     a young person is expected to have the related rights and responsibilities of adulthood.

In ancient China, the coming-of-age ceremony was an important ritual for a child that was going to set foot     9     the grown-up world. It dates back to the Zhou Dynasty and bas a history of over 2,000 years. According to the records in Liji, boys would participate in a capping ceremony when they     10     (be) 20, and girls a hair-pinning ceremony at the age of 15.

After the ceremony, they were considered adults and     11     get married. According to the book, human beings are human because of all the rituals and polite behaviors. But polite behaviors won’t start     12     people are properly dressed, so during these ceremonies, boys and girls would ritualistically put on carefully-prepared hats and hair accessories (发饰) to show that they are formally dressed for the adulthood.


Section B
2024-01-17更新 | 45次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

二、选词填空 添加题型下试题

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 较难(0.4)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了地球面临的环境问题,包括气候变化、生物多样性丧失和空气、土壤、水污染。提出通过鼓励绿色生活方式、减少塑料使用以及重视废物处理来解决这些问题。
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A awareness       B. clear       C. encourage       D. ignore
E. immediate       F. limiting       G. redesigning       H. significantly
I. team       J. theme       K. unlikely

Go Recycling

No one looking at the state of Earth in 2023 can be in any doubt that we are facing three serious environmental problems: climate problem, loss of biodiversity (生物多样性) and pollution of air, soil and water. To solve the problems, we increase the use of electric cars,     13     greener eating and reduce plastic use. However, sometimes these solutions can be opposite to the expected goals. For instance, creating space for biofuel crops to give off fewer pollutants and greenhouse gases can, in fact,     14     increase the cutting down of trees. That means in most cases solutions aiming at one problem each time are     15     to be effective. And, what is perhaps lacking is a(n)     16     of how interlinked these problems are.

We should realize that a key     17     linking all the three problems is waste. The root cause of global warming is CO2, a waste gas. The seas are polluted by plastic and other waste products. We     18     forests, among other things, to grow more food — much of which goes to waste.

A shocking figure lies at the heart of our special report on our world — of the more than 100 billion tons of things that humans use each year, hardly 10% is recycled. That makes it obvious a full-range war on waste should be paid     19     attention. The situation requires our speedy moving away from the way of thinking — “take, make, throw” — towards a more recyclable one, which means we should begin     20     the products and when they reach the end of their useful lives, they can be recycled.

Solving the three problems calls for a huge transition with joint efforts. Governments must take the lead by introducing laws with the purpose of rewarding green practices, such as the     21     of waste. Industries can reduce, re-use and recycle wherever possible, and     22     themselves with suppliers and the like-minded to realize recyclable business models.

2024-01-17更新 | 50次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

三、完形填空 添加题型下试题

完形填空(约410词) | 较难(0.4)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了语言在日常生活中的重要性,研究语言能使我们更好的理解自己。

Listening, speaking, reading and writing are necessary to everyday life, where language is the primary tool for expression and communication. Studying how people use language — what words and phrases we unknowingly _________ — can help us better understand ourselves and why we behave the way we do.

Linguists attempt to _________ what is individual and general about the language we use. They also try to find how it came into use and the ways it _________ over time. After researches, they consider language as a cultural, social and mental thing.

“Understanding why and how languages are different from one another tells about what is human, and in contrast, discovering what’s _________ about languages can help us understand the heart of our humanity,” said Dan Jurafsky, the Professor in Humanities and chair of the Department of Linguistics at Stanford.

The stories below show some of the ways linguists have _________ many parts of language.

Stanford linguists have found that even the smallest differences in language use is _________ the speakers’ belief, according to research. One study finds that a(n) _________ harmless sentence, such as “girls are as good as boys at math,” can in some way reflect sexist stereotypes (性别刻板印象). The statement’s grammatical form suggests that being good at math is more _________ for boys than girls, the researchers said. Language can play a(n) _________ role in showing how we and others understand the world.

Studying other languages helps us have a better understanding of __________ around the world. People speak about 7,000 languages worldwide. Although there are a lot of similar things among languages, each one is __________, both in its structure and in the way it reflects the culture of the people who speak it. Jurafsky advised that we shouldn’t only __________ our own language — it’s also important to study other languages and how they develop as time changes. They can help us understand what is rooted in humans’ different way of communicating with one another.

Linguists study how certain speech models match special __________, including how language can influence the buying decision or their social media use, and they both vary a lot among people. __________, in one research paper, a group of Stanford researchers examined the differences in how two parties — Republicans and Democrats, who have different ways of speech, express themselves online. The purpose is to help us know how a(n) __________ difference of beliefs can occur on social media.

“Understanding what different groups of people say and why is the first step in deciding how we can help bring people together,” Jurafsky said.

23.
A.analyzeB.chooseC.recallD.pronounce
24.
A.createB.rangeC.determineD.maintain
25.
A.changesB.signalsC.selectsD.strengthens
26.
A.confusingB.rewardingC.ironicD.common
27.
A.masteredB.researchedC.describedD.developed
28.
A.ahead ofB.relevant toC.tom away fromD.held back by
29.
A.seeminglyB.individuallyC.embarrassinglyD.occasionally
30.
A.specificB.temptingC.formalD.natural
31.
A.faultyB.secondaryC.relaxingD.essential
32.
A.communicationB.harshnessC.establishmentD.distance
33.
A.limitedB.usefulC.exceptionalD.current
34.
A.point toB.center aroundC.leave behindD.argue over
35.
A.commentsB.achievementsC.confusionsD.behaviors
36.
A.On the contraryB.In summaryC.For exampleD.As a result
37.
A.dramaticB.disgustingC.balancedD.slight
2024-01-14更新 | 159次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

四、阅读理解 添加题型下试题

阅读理解-阅读单选(约390词) | 适中(0.65)
文章大意:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍作者独自在奥林匹克公园里面的森林旅行的经历和看法。

I’m a huge fan of the Pacific Northwest and its bright green forests, rough coastline, and beaches decorated with wood, but visiting a top national park in summer often brings the opposite of what I come for — being alone — as huge crowds try hard to park and take photos. So, my last visit to Olympic National Park was in mid-September. I ended up bathing in the peace and quiet of forest among ancient trees and staying close enough to nearby communities to feel safe.

I thought that taking the jump from my comfortable hotel room in the park into the great outdoors was unpleasant at first. However, once I began walking slowly and aimlessly along the Hoh River Trail there and slowing down to observe beautiful sunlight and tiny mushrooms that looked like colorful umbrellas, I felt my breath deepen and my nervous system begin to relax for the first time in a long time. What I want to say is that just because the world seems obviously set up for twosomes doesn’t mean you have to let such a standard keep you from living your dreams right now. Solo travel has made me stronger and braver than I ever thought possible. It has opened up my worldview by throwing me out of my comfort zone again and again.

When it comes to living conditions, the national park not only offers 15 campgrounds across its huge area, it’s also home to five other choices for guests who would prefer not to sleep alone inside a tent — the small national park houses. Although I enjoy being alone, I have to admit that one of the coolest things about these small houses is that they are there to strengthen connection among strangers, and as such, there is usually a big fireplace next to excellent armchairs and sofas where guests can move around and make small talks at night. In one small house called Lake Quinault, I talked with grey-haired seniors about the best old-growth forest walks and asked hotel workers about the Roosevelt Dining Room (so named after Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the president during 1933-1945, came to visit), right next door.

38. What made the author avoid visiting Olympic National Park in summer?
A.The wish to stay close to communities.
B.The likelihood to meet crowds of people.
C.The quiet environment in an ancient forest.
D.The rough coastlines and the woody beaches.
39. According to paragraph 2, the author thinks that traveling alone can ______.
A.keep opening up her worldviewB.slow her down in living her dreams
C.stop her leaving her comfortable zoneD.give her a chance to stay in hotel rooms
40. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.Seniors in Lake Quinault are the best forest walkers there.
B.The park offers five completely different places to stay in.
C.Big fireplaces in houses are meant to strengthen connection.
D.The author stayed in a house next door to a famous president.
41. The passage is mainly about ______.
A.the author’s love for the Pacific Northwest
B.the author’s solo trip to Olympic National Park
C.the greatest tourist attractions in Olympic National Park
D.the brief comparison between group travel and solo ones
2024-01-17更新 | 58次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 较易(0.85)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过猫的肢体语言分析了猫的脑子里在想什么。

The connection we have to cats is so strong it feels almost as though they can read our thoughts, study our moods, and even judge how to behave based on our needs. But what really goes on in their sweet, furry heads?

Research suggests that cats don’t necessarily see us as any different from them. While cats understand that their human caretakers are larger than they are, they continue to behave around us in the same way as if they were around other cats. The only key difference is that cats meow to humans, not other cats.

Owners wondering about what the cats are thinking about should turn to cat body language. Since these are the ways your cat primarily communicates with you, studying their body language can help you understand then on a deeper level and you may start with tails:

We may think we have great insight into “cat thinking”, but we may never fully understand them. There exist lots of misunderstandings about cats, most notably:

*Cats try to be alien and prefer to be alone. No! They are actually social animals who hope for close relationship.

*Purring (making a low continuous sound) only means happiness…In fact, it can also suggest pressure, fear, or pain.   Keep an eye out for illness, and be prepared in the case of an unexpected accident.

*Cats scratch (抓) to anger people. Wrong again! Cats need to act out this to give themselves great pleasure and comfort.

A recent study concluded that cats, when given a choice between playing with certain toys or having interactive fun with a human being, decisively choose to play with a person. For us here at Cat Care of Vinings, it’s two-sided!

As always, please call us with any questions or concerns. Or, let us know what you believe cat thinking is all about!

Tags: Cat Thinking     Cat Thoughts     My Cat’s Brain     What Does My Cat Think
Posted in: The Cat’s Meow
Previous: A Pun-fact Match: The Keys to Successful Cat Adoption
Next: Your Guide to Fourth of July Cat Safety
42. We may find this passage from a ______.
A.newspaperB.posterC.magazineD.website
43. If the owner gives the cat its favorite food, what will it probably do?
A.Keep its tail low.B.Hook its tail.C.Hide its tail.D.Shake its tail.
44. The cat may prefer to ______.
A.interact with peopleB.purr to suggest anger
C.keep away from man-made toysD.scratch to attract attention
2024-01-17更新 | 39次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约410词) | 适中(0.65)
文章大意:本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍一项研究表明,养宠物对人们有许多的好处。

Nothing compares with the joy of coming home to a lovely pet. Besides keeping one company, pets may also decrease stress, improve heart health, and even help children with their social skills. Over the past 10 years, researchers have been looking at what the possible effects are.

Animals can offer comfort and support. Dogs are especially good at this. They’re sometimes brought into hospitals or nursing homes. Ann Berger, a researcher at the NIH Clinical Center, teaches the patients with serious diseases about mindfulness to help decrease stress and manage pain. “Mindfulness includes attention, awareness, etc.,” Berger says, “all those are things that animals bring to the table. People kind of have to learn it, while animals do this innately.” Researchers are also studying the safety of bringing animals into hospital settings because animals may bring people more germs (病菌). A current study is looking at the safety of bringing dogs to visit children with a certain kind of illness. Scientists will be testing the children’s hands to see if there are dangerous levels of germs brought by the dog after the visit.

Dogs may also help in the classroom. One study found that dogs can help children with ADHD, a disease related to attention. Researchers divided children with ADHD into two groups. The first group of kids read to dogs once a week for 30 minutes. The second group read to toys like dogs. After 12 weeks, kids who read to the real animals showed better social skills. They also had fewer behavioral problems. “Animals can become a way of building a bridge for the social communication,” says Griffin, a child development expert at NIH. He adds that researchers are trying to better understand these effects and whom they might help.

While pets may bring many health advantages, an animal may not work for everyone. Recent studies suggest that living with pets at an early age may help protect young children from developing allergies (过敏), but for people who are allergic to certain animals, having pets in the home can do more harm than good.

Researchers will continue to explore the many effects of having a pet. They are trying to find out what’s working, what’s not working, and what’s safe.

45. When the author says “animals do this innately” in paragraph 2, he probably means ______.
A.animals learn from humans to do thisB.animals teach people to stop doing it
C.animals are born to be able to do thisD.animals learn to do this as humans do
46. What does the study about dogs in the classroom tell us?
A.Reading to real dogs could help kids improve behavior.
B.Researchers brought dogs there to attract kids’ attention.
C.Dogs have poorer social skills than the kids with ADHD.
D.Toy dogs work as well as real dogs in accompanying kids.
47. What can we learn about the researchers in the passage?
A.They still have a long way to go in exploring pets’ effect.
B.They don’t doubt the safety of using animals in hospitals.
C.Berger helps patients to gain the ability to cure themselves.
D.Griffin doesn’t agree that dogs improve children’s reading.
48. What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Pets’ Various WorkB.The Power of Pets
C.Pets as Assistants in SchoolD.Patients’ Call for Pets
2024-01-17更新 | 52次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
阅读理解-六选四(约260词) | 适中(0.65)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本学校的社团活动。

Club Activities in Japanese Schools

In the after-class activities of Japanese high schools, there are various clubs. Participation depends on students; however, most students choose a certain club.     49     And there are various kinds within each type.

A recent survey showed activity participation rate (比率). In junior high schools, participation rate was around 70% in sports clubs and around 20% in culture clubs. In senior high schools, participation rate in sports clubs dropped to about 50%, and in culture clubs, rose to around 25%. One reason is that there are more kinds of culture clubs in senior high schools than in junior high schools, so there is a wider range of choices.     50    

The rate of junior high school students not choosing any club was less than 10%. However, that number more than doubled in senior high school. In recent years, the number of students not joining in any clubs is increasing. Stronger individualism, which causes unwillingness to participate in group activities, is one factor behind this change.

    51     Japanese clubs are considered “a part of education” and are different from club activities overseas. Learning teamwork is a common factor; in particular, sports clubs have a strict hierarchy (等级制度) and are useful in leaning to be polite. This is said to have influenced the way Japanese companies work, for example, with respect for seniors. Compared to sports clubs, the hierarchy in culture clubs is not as strict.     52     Besides, clubs which practice traditional Japanese martial arts and culture offer a valuable chance to learn the traditional arts firsthand. By experiencing such arts in teenage years, the chance of passing traditional culture to the next generation is large.

A.Clubs are generally divided into two types — sports clubs and culture clubs.
B.Each sports club has a teacher, but the key is placed on student independence.
C.They are places where like-minded students can improve their creativity together.
D.Culture clubs in senior high schools tend to include traditional culture activities, such as tea ceremony.
E.It is also pointed out that culture clubs offer a more casual environment than sports clubs that require long and hard practice.
F.Actually, there are many advantages of participating in club activities in Japan.
2024-01-21更新 | 33次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
阅读理解-阅读表达(约390词) | 适中(0.65)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文,介绍了世界上几个奇怪有趣的节日。
Directions: Read the following passage and complete the brief outline that follows. Write no more than 5 words for each blank.

Interesting Traditions Around the World

Traditions are passed down from generation to generation to inform us of our history. Some are widespread and taken on by one and all, like celebrating New Year and birthdays, and then there are some that are quite strange or interesting and practiced only by a small group of people.

Famadihana, also called the turning of the bones, is a festival in Madagascar that honors the dead and celebrates family ties. Every seven years or so, families who can afford rich dinners for guests and new clothes for the living families and the dead, celebrate the festival. They give out gifts for the dead and crying is discouraged during the celebration.

Bali’s Day of Silence, or Nyepi, as they call it, is a holiday celebrated with eating little or no food as well as meditation, the practice of thinking deeply in silence. The whole island shuts off all sounds, lights, and all other activities, so there is peace all around. Days before the actual celebration, Balinese people make the ogoh-ogoh (dangerous animals) statues (雕像) that will be used and paraded through the streets the day before Nyepi. The statues are then usually burnt after supposedly attracting dangerous animals.

Having started in Middle Ages, flag throwing has long been popular in Tuscany. As the Italians love a good celebration, army parades were held with marching bands and flag bearers. Since flags are considered sacred, the flag bearers have to make sure that they do not fall to the ground. Today, flag throwing is not just popular in Tuscany but also in the whole of Italy.

Some traditions may sound strange, yet people hold them close to their hearts and still practice the age-old rituals to this day. These rituals are part of their culture and history and are able to shape and describe people.


Outline:
I. Introduction

As a form of historic culture, some traditions are shared altogether and others are     53     and celebrated by only a few.


II. Body part

People in Madagascar celebrate Famadihana to honor the dead and     54    .

During Nyepi in Bali, people eat little or no food and     55    ; days before the festival, statues are made and later they will be burnt.

Flag throwing features army parades and gains popularity in Italy.


III. Conclusion

People still hold fast to some age-old rituals, because these traditions can     56    .

2024-01-17更新 | 20次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

五、翻译 添加题型下试题

翻译-整句汉译英 | 适中(0.65)
57. 我们每个人对这道数学题都有不同的解法。(approach) (汉译英)
2024-01-17更新 | 43次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
翻译-整句汉译英 | 适中(0.65)
58. 两位热心的环保人轮流照顾着那只受伤的熊。(turn) (汉译英)
2024-01-17更新 | 43次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
翻译-整句汉译英 | 适中(0.65)
59. 当地的音乐爱好者对这首名歌都有一段不可替代的记忆。(replace) (汉译英)
2024-01-17更新 | 42次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
翻译-整句汉译英 | 适中(0.65)
60. 那位退休老师盯着我看了几秒钟,我猜他是想确认我读懂了这本科幻小说。(stare) (汉译英)
2024-01-17更新 | 43次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

六、书信写作 添加题型下试题

书信写作-建议信 | 适中(0.65)
61. Directions: Write an English paragraph in no less than 70 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你是明启中学的高一学生吴磊。下学期高一年级将进行社会实践,校学生会正就活动地点征求大家建议,请你在信中写出:
(1) 推荐的地点;
(2) 推荐的理由。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024-01-17更新 | 31次组卷 | 2卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

试卷分析

整体难度:适中
考查范围:主题、语篇范围、单词辨析、语法、短语辨析

试卷题型(共 14题)

题型
数量
语法填空
2
选词填空
1
完形填空
1
阅读理解
5
翻译
4
书信写作
1

试卷难度

知识点分析

序号
知识点
对应题号
2
语篇范围
3
单词辨析
4
语法
5
短语辨析

细目表分析 导出

题号 难度系数 详细知识点 备注
一、语法填空
1-60.65方法/策略  人与动植物短文语填
7-120.65历史知识  中国文化与节日短文语填
二、选词填空
13-220.4环境保护短文选词填空
三、完形填空
23-370.4语言与文化   说明文
四、阅读理解
38-410.65旅游观光  夹叙夹议  个人经历阅读单选
42-440.85动物  说明文阅读单选
45-480.65人与动植物  新闻报道阅读单选
49-520.65组织与机构六选四
53-560.65庆祝活动   外国文化与节日阅读表达
五、翻译
570.65approach  problem  介词与其它词类的搭配  一般现在时整句汉译英
580.65enthusiastic  injured  一般现在时  固定句型  take turns整句汉译英
590.65famous  local  memory  music  song  形容词作定语  介词与其它词类的搭配  一般现在时  irreplaceable整句汉译英
600.65retired  stare at  现在分词作状语  一般过去时  that,if, whether引导的宾语从句  插入语句式整句汉译英
六、书信写作
610.65学校活动  申请/请求/建议建议信
共计 平均难度:一般