1 . Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. struggling            B.suit               C. produce            D. extension       E. treat F. performance     G. suggests     H. recover          I. force            J. reset       K. flowing

Walking through any high school during the first class in the morning, you may find that many students are     1     to keep their heads up. “They’re sitting in the classroom, but their heads are at home on their pillows,” says Mary Carskadon of Brown Medical School in the US.

Don’t blame yourself; blame the clock in your brain. Two decades of research     2     that your bodies are pushing you to stay up at night and sleep into the morning. During the first several weeks of school, students are more likely to get a(n) lack of sleep. In the holidays, most students can sleep over eight hours a night. But during the school day, students on average sleep only about six hours. Students will lose 10 hours of sleep per week that they never     3     from. The lack of sleep may not only be a drag (拖后) on school     4    , but also be related to poor health.

Scientists in the US led research to try to     5     teenagers’ clocks back to help them fall asleep earlier. They use a special light in the classroom to try to     6     a reset of the students’ biological clock. They found the brain can     7     a chemical that helps sleep. It comes out only in the dark. The research failed at the end. Doctor said that even if the chemical had started     8    , the kids’ homework and other activities meant they stayed up at night.

Some schools have reset their school time from 7:25 to 8:30 a.m. to     9     the students. The results were so encouraging that students who had the hour     10    of sleep performed best in tests. Those who lost the hour did worst of all.

2 . Directions： Complete the following passage by using the -words in the box. Each -word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. developmental B. waving     C. obligation   D. setting     E. daily   F. quoted G. deserve       H. obstacle     I. endanger   J. sincerely   K. distinctive

The President of North Macedonia walked Embla Ademi, an 11-year-old girl to her elementary school in the city of Gostivar on Monday after he heard she had experienced bullying at school as a result of having Down syndrome—a genetic condition that causes learning disabilities, health problems and     1     facial characteristics —a spokesperson for the President’s office told CNN.

Pendarovski talked to Embla’s parents about the challenges she and her family face on a     2     basis, and discussed solutions, his office said in a press release.

“The President said that the behavior of those who     3     children’s rights is unacceptable, especially when it comes to children with atypical development,” the statement said.

“They should not only enjoy the rights they     4    , but also feel equal and welcome in the school desks and schoolyard. It is our     5     as a state, but also as individuals, and the key element in this common mission is empathy.”

“It will help children like Embla, but it will also help us learn from them how to     6     express happiness, share and be in togetherness,” the president added.

In a video shared by Pendarovski’s office, the President can be seen sitting down with Embla's family, giving her gifts. He is also seen     7     the 11-year-old off at the school gate as she walks into the building. “We are all equal in this society. I came here to give my support and to raise awareness that inclusion is a basic principle”, the press release     8     Pendarovski as saying.

The President said he “encouraged and supported” Embla’s parents in their fight for the protection of the rights of children like their daughter.

“Prejudices in that context are the main     9     to building an equal and just society for all,” Pendarovski said, according to the press release.

He also stressed there was a legal and moral responsibility to provide inclusive education, in which the main focus is on developing skills and abilities in children with different     10     processes and emphasized the need to raise public awareness of the issue.

3 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.   Each word can only be used once.   Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. thread   B. illustrate   C. breaks   D. films   E. engage     F. second G. favored   H. constantly   I. embracing   J. considerably     K. certified

Learning for a Distracted Generation

Today's students have a problem, and it is not the one written on the board. They were born into a world where algorithms (算法) keep them clicking, scrolling and swiping at a rapid pace. Technology, smartphones, social media, and immediate access to the internet are hurting their ability to focus and changing the way they think.

Now teachers have a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking regular     1    . Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students was not something that was covered when they were getting     2     .   

A common     3     among teachers is that short is good. When students can't seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply hack lessons into smaller chunks (模块). In fact, students need time to     4     with a topic once the teacher introduces it before moving on. Switching between small lessons too quickly could rob them of valuable comprehension.

A 2018 study from educational publisher Pearson found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books. They prefer video as a source of information     5     only to teachers. Therefore, some tech-forward teachers choose to “meet kids where they are" on platforms such as YouTube and Instagram. Asha Choksi, vice president of global research at Pearson, gives the example of a teacher who     6     himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to     7     materials in the textbook, which can seem boring to students.

Still, while those educators are     8     technology in the classroom to meet students’ needs, they are also finding value in traditional methods, and so suggest a blended (混合的) learning approach. Diregt instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be     9     only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.

Digital natives will continue to eagerly adopt new media. Teachers have no choice but to adapt. They are making an effort not only to ensure that students take advantage of new technologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them succeed in a world     10     trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they could code; it was because they could think.