Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom.
The first stage is called "the honeymoon". In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous.
Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the "hostility stage".
Then you come to the third stage called "recovery". You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable.
The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment".
| A．Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country. |
| B．You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture. |
| C．You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you. |
| D．You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages. |
| E．In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. |
| F．However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it. |
| G．You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic (经济的) reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?
In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.
It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change.
Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward . If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice.
1. What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?| A．Some of them are not attractive. |
| B．Most of them ate too expensive to preserve. |
| C．They are more pleasing than modern buildings. |
| D．They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area. |
| A．We should reproduce the same old buildings. |
| B．Buildings should not dominate their surroundings. |
| C．Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in. |
| D．No one understands why people speak against new buildings. |
| A．destroy old buildings |
| B．put things in a different place |
| C．respect people’s feelings for historical buildings |
| D．choose new architectural styles |
| A．To explain why people dislike change. |
| B．To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas. |
| C．To warn that we could end up living in caves. |
| D．To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings. |
【推荐2】Celebrating the Harvest Around the World
A harvest festival is a celebration of the fall months and the harvest that often accompanies these months. Many countries celebrate harvest festivals in different forms.
Canada
In Canada, people celebrate their harvest on Thanksgiving. This tradition is said to date back to the 16th century. The English explorer Martin Frobisher(1535—1594) came upon the land, searching for the “New World”. As he arrived in Canada in 1578, he celebrated surviving the long journey by holding a formal celebration and eating salt beef and peas. Today, it has become a recognized holiday in the country that falls on the second Monday in October. On Thanksgiving, most return home to gather with their family. One of the highlights(高潮) of the holiday is a big Thanksgiving Day meal, which usually includes turkey and bread, which are prepared and presented in a unique Canadian way.
The United Kingdom
Harvest festival activities are considered a special time for communities to come together in celebration. The harvest festival may start with carrying baskets of fruits and vegetables to a local church where people sing praise songs for a healthy harvest while praying for future harvests. A special effort may be made to give food to the less fortunate. Large dinners may also be hosted where each member brings a special dish to share with each other.
China
In 2023, the Farmers’ Harvest Festival was launched in China. It’s held on the day of the autumn equinox(秋分), which falls roughly on Sept. 22 or 23. Every year, a range of events are organized nationwide. In Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, farmers brought 100 seed varieties to the main site of the ceremony in Hanhu District and placed them in a wall to mark the achievements of the seed industry. In Heilongjiang Province, the festival was combined with local traditions of the Daur people and the locals danced around bonfires.
1. Originally, Thanksgiving was celebrated in Canada for .| A．their harvest | B．finding the new world |
| C．surviving the long journey | D．gathering with their family |
| A．attending a church service | B．donating food to the poor |
| C．sharing food at a dinner party | D．dancing around bonfires |
| A．Different countries celebrate their harvest in different ways. |
| B．There are similarities in celebrating the harvest among different places. |
| C．The Farmers’ Harvest Festival is an annually nationwide thing in China. |
| D．Local traditions are included in celebrating the harvest around China. |
【推荐3】In China, tea has become an important part of everyday life for thousands of years. As the tea-processing methods and tea culture have evolved over the years, tea sets have also changed to meet the practical and cultural needs.
During the Tang Dynasty(618~907AD), tea leaves were traded across the country and Asia. For the convenience of transportation and storage, tea leaves were pressed into bricks. To prepare tea, drinkers had to cut them into small pieces and boil them in heat-resistant teapots.
By the Song Dynasty(960-1279), drinkers started to turn the hard bricks into powders (粉末) that could be whipped (搅打) in a cup with boiled water. This whipped tea is most commonly associated with Japanese tea ceremonies today.
By the 1500s, tea bricks gave way to the form of rolled leaves. This innovation led to the invention and use of teapots as we know them today. These teapots originally came from the Yi Xing region of China and were soon copied throughout the world. Then Japanese teapot-makers moved the handle from the side to the top of the teapots.
Tea finally reached Europe in the 1600s, along with the necessary tea sets made in Japan and China. As English teapot-makers began to adapt the tea sets to their country men’s tastes, they eventually added a handle to the tea bowl because of the English habit of drinking hot black tea, which was consumed at higher temperatures. The size of teacups also grew to accommodate milk and sugar in their tea.
By the early 1900s, innovations in tea drinking became an American affair. The most revolutionary one was the tea bag, which was accidentally commercialized by Thomas Sullivan. He had been sending customers tea wrapped in silk bags. Rather than take the leaves out of the bags, as Sullivan intended, the customers put the bags into their teapots instead. Not only did the tea bags push the teapot back to the sidelines of tea service, they were also too large for teacups and led to the modern practice of drinking tea from mugs.
1. Which was used to make the whipped tea in Japan?| A．Rolled tea leaves. | B．Freshly picked tea leaves. |
| C．Powdered tea leaves. | D．Loosely pressed tea leaves. |
| A．Tea bags and mugs. | B．Tea bowls with handles. |
| C．Heat-resistant teapots. | D．Teapots with top handles. |
| A．Customers are very creative. | B．Innovations are relatively easy. |
| C．Marketing strategy is critical. | D．Good ideas can be born by accident. |
| A．The Development of Tea Sets | B．Varieties of Tea Leaves |
| C．Various Tea-making Methods | D．The Spread of Tea Trades |
【推荐1】People have traditionally been hired based primarily on the degree they earned, the job they had, or the people they knew. Skills were not a big part of the conversation in the hiring, or in the economy overall. That’s changing. Workers better understand the need to articulate (清晰地表达) the skills they have and the skills they want. And businesses, eager to fill roles in this historically tight labour market, have started to focus on whether people have the skills to get the job done. Skills come first.
We need to take advantage of this momentum (势头). Skills-first hiring needs to become the new way to connect talent to opportunity. The World Economic Forum estimates we’ll need to reskill over one billion people by 2030.
Employees consider opportunities to learn and grow as the primary driver of great work culture, yet our data shows only 52% of employees feel their manager encourages the use of work time to learn new skills. This major disconnect will start to impact employers as the skills-economy continues to grow. By caring about employees’ careers, investing in their skills development, and helping them transform into new roles, companies benefit too. When leaders offer growth opportunities through internal mobility, they keep their employees nearly twice as long as their peers.
A focus on upskilling needs employers to change their concept of business management. Everyone from the top down needs to understand how critical ongoing learning and upskilling is, not only from an employee’s growth perspective (角度), but also for maintaining a company’s competitive edge. The organizations that keep their employees on top of new technologies are the ones that will see success in this new world of work.
Never in the history of the labour market has been a clear or reliable way to understand whether people and jobs are matched in the most efficient way. The labour market has worked from some, but skills can change that. By harnessing (利用) new data and tools that make it easy for people and companies to identify talent based on skills, along with the access to building more diversified and equitable networks, we have the ability to help fill the most in demand jobs based on what a candidate can do. This will not only create greater equity in our economy, but also greater dynamism. It will create new levels of progress and prosperity.
1. What does the text mainly discuss?| A．A skills-first labour market is emerging. |
| B．The skills needed for jobs have changed. |
| C．There comes a marked shift in business demands. |
| D．The labour market is becoming more competitive. |
| A．It helps improve the stability of the workforce. |
| B．It develops employers’ decision-making ability. |
| C．It is helpful in building excellent corporate culture. |
| D．It enhances employees’ sense of responsibility. |
| A．A network running on the principle of equity. |
| B．A mentality shift at the management level. |
| C．The cooperation between labour and management. |
| D．A system that encourages self-improvement. |
| A．To introduce the development of the labour market. |
| B．To share a unique view about the economy. |
| C．To explain why the world of work needs to put skills first. |
| D．To analyze the importance of skills to social progress. |
【推荐2】Social networking websites like Twitter and Facebook can have a negative influence on people’s moral values and can make them indifferent to human suffering, according to a new report by researchers at the University of Southern California (USC).
New findings suggest that the streams of information provided by the websites are too fast for the brain’s moral sense to digest and could affect young people’s emotional development. Before the brain can fully process and absorb a story of pain and suffering, it is attacked by the next news or the latest Twitter update, according to the USC neuroscience group. Qualities such as admiration and compassion take much longer to process, said one of the study’s authors, Antonio Damasio.
The study results were based on real-life stories that were intended to induce (诱导) admiration for virtue or skill, or compassion (同情) for physical or social suffering in 13 volunteer individuals. At the end it was found that the participants needed six to eight seconds in order to fully react to stories of virtue or social suffering. However, once awakened, the responses lasted far longer than the volunteers’ reactions to stories focused on physical pain.
New findings raise questions about the emotional cost, in particular, for the developing young brain, of heavy dependence on an extremely fast stream of news snippets (片段) obtained by means of TV, the Internet or social networks such as Twitter and Facebook. “If things are happening too fast, you may not ever fully experience emotions about other people’s mental states, and that would have effects on your morality.” Damasio said.
In general, normal life events will always give people opportunities to experience admiration and compassion. But activities such as reading books and socializing with friends, where individuals can define their morals, are being gradually replaced by alarming and fast-moving social networking, and people may be led away from learning about humanity.
1. Why can social networking websites have a negative influence on people’s moral values according to the text?| A．They promote negative moral values for people in suffering. |
| B．They always contain lots of stories of social suffering in the real life. |
| C．The information comes so fast that there isn’t enough time to digest it. |
| D．The news on such sites is based on real-life stories of sadness and suffering. |
| A．People’s moral values are formed by fast public information like Facebook. |
| B．The development of young people’s brain depends strongly on normal life events. |
| C．People can experience other people’s emotions quickly because of fast information. |
| D．There are 13 volunteer individuals who take part in the study on social media. |
| A．Normal life events cannot provide experiences of humanity. |
| B．People don’t like activities that can define morals in life. |
| C．Activities that define morals are being replaced by social networking. |
| D．People are not encouraged to do activities that define morals. |
| A．An entertainment book | B．A science magazine |
| C．A science fiction novel | D．A health handbook |
| A．The ways to make people watch online videos less. |
| B．The ways to make social websites more popular. |
| C．The ways to make more reports published. |
| D．The ways to make people’s brains less complex. |
【推荐3】A little kid is looking at a new picture book. Suddenly it points to a picture and shouts “chair”. The kid makes the right call, but that does not seem particularly interesting to us. We recognize all kinds of chairs as “chair” without any difficulty. For a kid, however, this is a huge learning process. It must associate the chair pictured in the book with the chairs it already knows — even though they may have different shapes or colors. How does the child do that?
The answer is categorization. Every time a child meets a chair, it stores the experience. Based on similarities between the chairs, the child’s brain will abstract the characteristics and functions of chairs by forming the category “chair”. This allows the child to later quickly link new chairs to the category and the knowledge it contains.
Our brain categorizes continuously. “Without categorization, we would not be able to interact with our environment as efficiently as we do,” Picter Goltstein, a senior professor says. In other words: We would have to learn for every new chair we meet that we can sit on it. “But the general processes of categorization in the brain are largely unknown,” he added.
Some scientists tested whether mice categorize in a way similar to us. To do so, they showed mice different pictures of different patterns and gave them a sorting rule. The mice were able to learn the rule and reliably sorted the given patterns into the correct category. They even put patterns they had not seen before into the correct categories. Therefore, the study demonstrates for the first time how well mice categorize and approach our ability for abstraction.
The researchers found that certain neurons (神经元) in a brain area became active when the mice sorted the patterns. Interestingly, different groups of neurons reacted selectively to individual categories. After observing the activity of such neurons from the beginning to the end of category learning, the researchers found that the neurons didn’t acquire their selectivity immediately, but only developed it little by little during the learning process.
1. What does the first paragraph tell us?| A．Learning should happen with joy. | B．Chairs are easy to recognize for kids. |
| C．Kids can group things of similar nature. | D．Picture books are attractive to little kids. |
| A．To explain how to interact effectively. |
| B．To tell the way the brain work efficiently |
| C．To show how to recognize different things. |
| D．To stress the importance of categorization. |
| A．Rather bad. | B．As expected. |
| C．Surprisingly good. | D．Better than human’s. |
| A．The rules of selectivity are found. |
| B．People can say when to categorize. |
| C．Categorization develops over time. |
| D．All the neurons respond at the same time. |
