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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.85 引用次数:68 题号:10865039

For much of the 20th century, milk was a simple part of daily life in the U.S, as farmers raised cows, milkmen delivered bottles and children drank it at school. But those days are fading.

America has fallen out of love with drinking milk, as lower-calorie options have increased and people are replacing water bottles with milk cartons. Americans each drink an estimated 146 lb. of fluid milk in 2018, according to the USDA’s Economic Research Service. That may sound like a lot, but it’s down by 26% just since 2000.

The downturn has been tough on dairy processors like Borden and Dean, which buy fresh milk from farms and use techniques like pasteurization (巴氏杀菌) to create a consumer-safe drink with a longer shelf life. For the past five years, thanks to technology that increased milk production, fresh-milk prices were relatively low, which meant processors could still earn some money even despite the decreasing demand. But prices began going up again last year, squeezing the processors’ already tight profits. “Declining sales in a thin-profit business is not a good recipe for success,” says Mark Stephenson, director of dairy policy analysis at the University of Wisconsin.

Milk processors are also facing competition from big retailers, which have set up their own processing plants. In 2018, Walmart opened a milk-processing plant in Indiana to serve hundreds of stores in the Midwest, taking away approximately 95 million gal of milk-processing business from Dean Foods.

On the other end of the supply chain, dairy farms are facing trouble of their own. The low prices left small farmers struggling across the industry. The number of farm bankruptcies (破产) in 2019 was up by 4% from the previous year. “We’re trying our best to hang on,” says Mary Rieckmann, a dairy farmer in Wisconsin whose family has turned to GoFundMe to keep their century-old farm running.

1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Why some dairy farmers turn to GoFundMe.
B.Why America’s milk industry get into much trouble.
C.Why Americans consume less milk than before.
D.Why big retailers set up their own processing plants.
2. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.
A.An American consumes 146 lb fluid milk every year
B.Technology in milk industry improves the production
C.Walmart is probably not a target customer of Dean Foods now
D.2019 witnessed 4% more farm bankruptcies than the previous year
3. In which section of a newspaper may the passage appear?
A.HealthB.TechnologyC.LifeD.Economy

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【推荐1】The Rockford police chief and some city officials want to put video cameras in all 100 police cars. They think this will reduce the number of lawsuits (诉讼) filed against the city. In the last five years, Rockford has paid out more than five million dollars to settle about four lawsuits.

The chief said, “If cameras had been in those cars, we wouldn’t have had to pay any money. We’re always pulling over drunks of drug users who try to fight the police officers or shoot them. Then they always say that the police started basting them first or started shooting at them first.”

The cost of fixing cameras will be about $500 per car. The city council (市正厅) will make a final decision on the proposal (提议) next Monday. Ten of the 13 council members, when asked about the proposal, said that they liked the idea. One member said that it is money-saving and it makes common sense. If this is agreed, cameras can be fixed in all the cars within six weeks.

The police officers fully support camera use. One office said that too many people think the police are liars; cameras would show citizens that the police tell the truth. “The money that we’ve been spending on lawsuits will be better spent our more cameras,” said one officer.

The citizen response to the idea of police car cameras is mixed. One person said that the police should have started doing this years ago when video cameras were invented (发明). But an elderly man said that cameras might be misused. “These police are trying to stick their nose into everything,” he said. He was going to attend the council meeting to stop the proposal. He hoped that other citizens would join him.

1. What is the purpose of fixing video cameras in cars?
A.To help settle about 40 lawsuits.B.To reduce the number of crimes.
C.To please officials of the city council.D.To collect evidence in favor of the police.
2. What is the city council’s opinion about the proposal of fixing cameras?
A.The council will turn it down.B.Most council members support it.
C.Ten council members question it.D.Ten council members will tell the truth about it.
3. What does the elderly man think of the proposal?
A.He makes no comment.B.He is strongly against it.
C.He thinks it needs to be improved.D.He doubts whether it is practical.
2021-08-25更新 | 17次组卷
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【推荐2】American Harvey Sutton, a 5-year-old boy, just finished walking the whole length of the Appalachian Trail (路线), one of the longest footpaths in the world. Harvey is one of the youngest people ever to walk the trail. He and his parents completed the trip in 209 days.

Harvey climbed over tall rocks and got to watch wild animals. “The rock climbs were really hard but fun. We were not bored.” said Harvey. His parents tried hard to him happy and excited. His father said meeting and talking with other hikers along the way prevented boredom.

Harvey was 4 years old when he and his parents began their walk in January. He turned 5 before the family completed the trip earlier this month in Maine. But the youngest of all to finish the trip may be Juniper Netteberg. The little girl finished walking the footpath at age 4 with her parents last October.

The long hiking may seem like an extreme activity for a child, but Dr. Laura Blaisdell sees no harm. She is a children’s doctor and medical adviser to the American Camp Association. Dr. Blaisdell said children are strong enough for the experience if parents attend to their child’s usual social and emotional development.

Harvey’s, trip earned admiration from another hiker, Dale Sanders. He is the oldest person to hike the footpath, which he did at age 82. “It’s going to change his life forever, and his parents’ life, too. The kid went through some hardships, but don’t we all? Hardships make us stronger,” said Sanders, now 86. “That kid is going to smile through life.”

1. Which of the following words can best describe Harvey’s trip?
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2021-12-16更新 | 152次组卷
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【推荐3】China’s new bullet train is now the world’s fastest land vehicle (交通工具) China Rail-way Rolling Stock Corporation showed the production version of its magnetic levitation (磁悬浮) bullet train in Qingdao on Tuesday. State media says the train has a top speed of 373 mph. That speed doesn’t just make it the fastest train in the world, but makes it the fastest land vehicle. The bullet train is able to travel at such high speeds because of magnetic levitation. The technology uses electro-magnetic force to levitate the body of the vehicle less than two inches from the rails and drive it forward along the tracks. By riding on a cushion of air, friction (摩擦力) is completely reduced, allowing it to travel faster than traditional trains where wheels and rails are constantly in contact. Although China has made use of the technology for a couple decades now, it’s only ever been used at very limited areas.

China Railway says its bullet train will greatly help cut down travel time. At top speedy the vehicle will be able to complete the 754-mile trip between Beijing and Shanghai in just two and a half hours. That same trip takes just over three hours by plane, five and a half hours by current high-speed rail options or 12 hours by car. That could make the train an especially attractive travel option for business travelers in the country. It’s unclear when the new bullet train will go into operation. The vehicle that the company showed off on Tuesday is the finished article.

Of course, the train’s record might not stand for long. The Central Japan Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas. But that isn’t expected to be shown in public until 2027 at the earliest. That gives China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation plenty of time to refine and upgrade its bullet train and push its top speed even higher.

1. What can we know about the China’s new bullet train?
A.It is the fastest land vehicle.
B.It is close to the speed of sound.
C.It has gone into operation widely.
D.It has taken the place of the traditional train.
2. What challenge might China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation face?
A.The poor management of it.
B.The lack of money used to improve the train.
C.The competition from Japanese company.
D.The shortage of creativity from its engineers.
3. What is the attitude of the author to China’s bullet train?
A.Objective.B.Doubtful.
C.Unconcerned.D.Unfriendly.
4. What is the text mainly about?
A.The world’s most costly train.B.The China’s new bullet train.
C.The China’s modern trains.D.The world’s fastest vehicle.
2021-11-21更新 | 134次组卷
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