【推荐1】Bridging the gap
How does a principal investigator make communication among deaf and hearing colleagues easier? Moreover, how are the large number of field-specific technical terms_______— and communicated in sign language? These_______differences are not remarkably challenging to work around.
Blumberg taught himself American Sign Language and has interpreters_______in the lab during the day. For lab meetings, journal clubs and research seminars, he has two interpreters present to tag-team signing. Costs for the interpreters are_______by the NIH's Office of Research Services. The only learning curve that he experienced, Blumberg says, was realizing he needed_______interpreters, Before, when he had one deaf student, he could_______the interpreting. As more deaf fellows joined, Blumberg_______full-time interpreters for help.
Having interpreters around all day is not necessary though. "_______. interpreters are only needed during the day if we're having lab meeting, classes, important functions or events, or_______-poster presentations, student presentations, guest presentations from________________scientists, Lundberg says. "The rest of the day, I do not need an interpreter,________________I'm in lab and it's independent work.”
During his Ph.D. at the University of Minnesota, Lundberg used online chat platforms to________________with his adviser and colleagues. Or he wrote________________a whiteboard, scratch paper, or paper towels. His adviser later________________that he keep the scraps of paper, which “was really good advice," Lundberg says, "because they were really good notes."
The best way to arrange the most suitable accommodations for deaf individuals is to ask them________________they need, says Derek Braun, a former postdoctoral fellow with Blumberg and currently a professor of biology at Gallaudet University. One of his ongoing projects is a collaboration with Blumberg and Lundberg to investigate the role of Ras guanyl nucleotide(鸟苷核苷酸)—releasing proteins in cancer.________________deaf people sign, Braun says. "Some are oral. Really, we come in every flavor imaginable. The best judge of what that person needs is usually the person?
Signing scientific terms is not unusually challenging either. While no standardized set of signs for technical words exists, colleagues working in the same lab develop their own signs for the terms they frequently use. If each lab develops signs________________, what happens when members of different labs meet?
Larry Pearce, a technician in Blumberg’s lab________________is deaf, explains to me, “ It's really not that difficult, because when an individual does not understand a sign we use, they'll ask for clarifications(说明) and I'll finger-spell. I’ll spell________________out. They will tell me what their sign is, and I'll tell them what our sign is. If I like their sign better, I might adopt it and use it every day, or vice-versa (反之亦然), and eventually it becomes more________________
1. A.adapted | B.adopted | C.adjusted | D.announced |
2. A.culture | B.pronunciation | C.communication | D.habit |
3. A.stationed | B.canned | C.cupped | D.capped |
4. A.counted | B.contained | C.included | D.covered |
5. A.better | B.fewer | C.more | D.less |
6. A.carry out | B.carry on | C.make out | D.make up |
7. A.turned | B.sought | C.referred | D.led |
8. A.In particular | B.In general | C.In conclusion | D.In word |
9. A.colleagues | B.interpreters | C.presentations | D.accommodations |
10. A.another | B.any | C.others | D.other |
11. A.because | B.though | C.whether | D.unless |
12. A.write | B.read | C.listen | D.speak |
13. 14. A.knew | B.suggested | C.discovered | D.noticed |
15. 16. A.Not all | B.All | C.Few | D.Not enough |
17. A.independently | B.dependently | C.secretly | D.occasionally |
18. A.where | B.which | C.who | D.when |
19. 20. A.essential | B.particular | C.related | D.universal |