The word “Kuitou” in Peking Opera is the technical term for various kinds of hats and headpieces worn by various characters in traditional Chinese opera. More than just meeting the requirements of acting, it also reveals an aspect of traditional Chinese culture.
In traditional Han Chinese culture, people believed that since, one’s whole body was a gift from one’s parents, it was important to avoid anything that might injure it, a principle that showed filial piety (孝道). Based on this ideology, males were required to let their hair grow long, and wearing hats became a rule of social etiquette in ancient times.
Since ancient Chinese society was divided into various social classes, people in each class wore different styles of clothes, but only the nobility were permitted to wear formal hats for adornment (装饰). People of lower classes could only wrap their head with a piece of cloth. Anyone under the age of 20 was also not allowed to wear formal hats and could only wear one after the performance of an official capping ceremony to mark their reaching of adulthood. As a result, various types of formal hats in ancient times, in addition to having value as a piece of personal adornment and social etiquette, also revealed the social classes of people and strict social divisions that existed between the nobility and common people.
In ancient times, people attached much importance to the kind of hat they wore. An old saying says, “A man of noble character would rather die than take off his hat.” The saying was based on the story of one of Confucius’s favorite students, Zi Lu, a man who was a brave warrior. Once while fighting in close hand-to-hand combat, his enemy opponent knocked off his hat. When he realized that his hat had been knocked off, Zi Lu placed down his weapon and said to the enemy soldier,” A nobleman can die, but my attire (服装) must be kept orderly.” But the moment he bent down to pick up his hat, the enemy soldier seized the opportunity and killed him. According to Zi Lu, his proper appearance, which included his hat, represented his dignity, and he would rather die than abandon his dignity. The formal hat culture of the Han Chinese continued up until the Ming Dynasty. Later after the Manchurians entered the Central Plains (满人入关), common people in society began to wear hats.
1. For Chinese males in the Han Dynasty, wearing headpieces or hats was .| A．a requirement of acting | B．a rule of social etiquette |
| C．a way to show filial piety | D．a representation of culture |
| A．the formal hat was a symbol of adulthood |
| B．headwear was nothing but a decoration |
| C．only noble people could afford to wear formal hats |
| D．there existed little distinction between social classes |
| A．how brave a person he was | B．how people valued their hats |
| C．how fierce an ancient war was | D．how people dealt with etiquette |
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【推荐1】The kimono, a Japanese garment (衣服), became popular during the Edo period, which lasted from 1603 to 1868. High-class samurai, who had traditionally made a name for themselves through battles, turned instead to bright, beautiful clothing to show their social position.
The growing merchant class, who were of lower position, began to develop new kimono styles during the Edo period. These merchants showed off their growing wealth by wearing kimonos of unique patterns and materials. The upper classes responded with laws stopping them from wearing certain colours and using materials such as silk. In response, the merchants used details to add beauty to their kimonos.
Kimonos decreased in popularity during the Meiji period (1868-1912) as the Japanese accepted Western clothing. Men were encouraged to wear Western styles during daily life and at official functions. During this time, the image of graceful women in kimonos came to represent a connection to traditional Japanese culture and values.
Today, the kimono is experiencing a revival. Japanese women of all ages are wearing these garments again. Here are some traditional rules for wearing a kimono:
●Kimonos are always worn with the left side of the garment covering the right side in front. It is considered bad luck to cover the left side of the garment with the right.
●Kimonos with wide sleeves that hang down below the knees are only worn by young, single women. These kimonos have bright, colourful patterns.
●A kimono is held in place by a wide, cloth belt, called an obi. Part of the obi is tied to make a bow. The obi must be worm so that the bow is centred on the woman's back.
●On formal occasions, only white socks should be worn with a kimono. Colourful socks are best for casual get-togethers.
1. What does the writer imply about kimonos during the Meiji period?| A．They fell out of favor among Japanese males. |
| B．They controlled the Japanese clothing market. |
| C．They combined much bolder Japanese designs. |
| D．They were produced using new Japanese methods. |
| A．Wearing the garment without an obi. |
| B．Putting the right side of the garment on the left. |
| C．Old ladies wearing a colourful pattern of the garment. |
| D．Wearing white socks with the garment for a wedding. |
| A．To explain the skills needed to make kimonos. |
| B．To describe the stuff used to decorate kimonos. |
| C．To trace the origin and development of kimonos. |
| D．To analyze the impact of kimonos on global fashion. |
【推荐2】Catherine Gallo, 20, couldn’t believe it when a fellow student at Hofstra University told her she had gotten a stylish jacket for free from a new on-campus shop in Hempstead.
Gallo and her friend got their clothes from Hofstra’s Career Closet shop, where the professional clothing makes donated new and gently used professional clothing available free for its students, who can “shop” by appointment for clothing for job interviews and career fairs. Operated by the Center for Career Design and Development, the Career Closet is in the Campus Living and Wellness Center. So far, it has provided more than 1,500 students with items for their own closets.
Career Closets aim to address the need for students on limited budgets to have professional clothing, and they’re springing up at colleges nationwide including University of Washington and Boston College. Fashions such as suits, ties, shoes, handbags and more are raised from Hofstra employees and the Center for Career Design and Development’s corporate partners, including accounting and consulting firms such as Baker Tilly and Crowe
“It’s a great way to build up my closet,” says Margaret Sykes, 19, a new college student from University of Massachusetts majoring in filmmaking. “I’m glad Hofstra is providing this service because clothing is expensive now and a lot of people don’t have money to get business clothing.” She adds, “I have mostly jeans and T-shirts, so I got a few business suits. I need something that looks professional when I go out on a shoot to interview an important figure such as the president of Hofstra University.”
Career center director Michelle Kyriakides says the shop’s concept is something she had in mind for many years as a “personal goal”, even before she heard of it becoming a trend at other schools. “So much of an employer’s decision about career readiness depends on how the applicants present themselves, so we want to help our students feel confident,” Kyriakides says.
1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stylish” in the first paragraph?| A．Elegant. | B．Typical. | C．Precious. | D．Creative. |
| A．To raise money for poor students. |
| B．To provide students with part-time jobs. |
| C．To meet students’ needs for fashionable clothes. |
| D．To help students with limited money get business suits. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Supportive. | C．Concerned. | D．Passive. |
| A．A Shopping Center in Hempstead | B．Campus Life Hofstra University |
| C．Career Closets, New On-campus Stores | D．A Center for Career Design and Development |
【推荐3】Looking back at my school yearbooks of the 1970s, 80s, and 90s, I find the style of uniform says a lot about the students and the character of the times. In the 1970s, students accessorized (配饰) their uniforms with platform shoes. During the 80s, hair was huge—literally. Students’ goofy hair filled up nearly every shot in the yearbook. In the 90s, accessories were all the rage (流行).
Uniform rules have always been strict. The restrictions (限制) are down to the inch: Gray or plaid skirts must be no shorter than two inches above the knee; a red, green, navy or white polo must be worn at all times; and only white, blue, black, and gray sneakers or flats are allowed. With all these rules, one can’t help but wonder how the typical rebellious (叛逆的) teenager can express her individuality.
Still, they manage. Senior Michelle Ferrier says she accessorizes by wearing bright colors like green and pink in bracelets, shoe laces, and headbands to stand out and be fashionable. For any stylish (时尚的) Carondelet student, accessories are key.
At Carondelet, one thing’s for sure: The older a student gets, the more she’s willing to bend the rules. Senior Natalia Piwek admits that she often pairs her “tights and colorful socks” with “illegal shoes”. If you happen to see a girl with colorful tights or boots running across the hallway, it’s most likely that she’s running from a dean.
In about two months, I will say goodbye to my uniform. I will miss the convenience of wearing it. However, I must say, wearing a uniform has taught me an important lesson that I will take with me when I go off to college: it doesn’t matter what you wear, but how you wear it. And how you carry yourself.
1. In the 1980s, _________.| A．uniform rules are sneer |
| B．students preferred goofy hair |
| C．accessories were popular with students |
| D．students wrote colorful shoes with uniforms |
a. grey bracelets b. parks shoes laces C. green heathens
d. patterned tights E. red polo
| A．abe | B．bde | C．bcd | D．ace |
| A．stern | B．understanding childish |
| C．childish | D．unselfishly |
| A．Objective. | B．Tolerant. | C．Agreeable. | D．Oppositive. |
| A．The history of student’s uniforms. |
| B．How to make school uniforms stylish. |
| C．Memories and lessons From school uniforms. |
| D．The debate oven restrictions on school uniforms. |
【推荐1】“The peach tree beams so red. How brilliant are its flowers. The maiden’s getting wed. Good for the nuptial bowers.” This is a verse(诗句) in Shijing, the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, describing a young woman getting married in a cheerful spring.
Peach blossom is a significant element in Chinese culture as it is a symbol of love and well-being, as well as a sign of spring and vitality.
From south to north, many cities, regions and gardens hold their own peach blossom festivals every spring.
Flowering is not just about plants themselves. It’s also about how people approach their lives.
| A．Peaches originate in China |
| B．The species can be found in the valleys or hills |
| C．Chinese people often say “to have peach blossom luck” |
| D．Today, watching flowers has become a popular outdoor activity across China |
| E．The lovely flowers on the peach tree are produced in early spring before the leaves |
| F．They attract many people to enjoy the eye-catching peach flowers and boost local tourism |
| G．Since then, peach blossom has been associated with the beauty and romance of young girls |
【推荐2】The end of British pub culture?
British beer and pubs are famous around the world. Things are changing.
For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, since it is where the people gather to communicate and exchange news.
Many British pubs have old names referring to the monarchs, such as the King’s Head or the Queen Victoria, but of course this doesn’t mean they are only for kings and queens.
That’s how it used to be.
As you can see, British pubs now offer something for everyone. And with various “save the pub” campaign, there are signs that people are regathering around these new kinds of pubs while supporting the traditional ones to back its great British custom with pride.
| A．Don’t British people like drinking beer? |
| B．After all, the word “pub” is actually short for “public house”. |
| C．However, is this the end of a great British tradition? |
| D．To save their business, pubs are trying to enrich their contents to attract new customers. |
| E．Some pubs are allowed by law to stay open after 11 pm. |
| F．Pubs have always welcomed people from all classes and parts of society. |
| G．Now there are worrying signs that things are beginning to get worse. |
【推荐3】When someone mentions Valentine’s Day citybreaks, there are certain places that automatically come to mind, Paris, Rome, Venice. However, there’s a whole wide world out there, so here are a few impressive locations which may not have crossed your mind.
Bled
Located in the Julian Alps, this town is a romantic jewel. There’re loads to explore here, walk around the lake book a horseback tour, or explore the town and castle to experience the history and culture. The natural beauty of the area is astonishing with Lake Bled as the perfect backdrop for photos of the precious memories you make in this beautiful part of the world.
Bellagio
You’ll find this village in the Italian Lakes, the perfect alternative to the busier towns of Como and Lecca. Wander along the beaches,explore the gardens, or simply relax with a romantic meal by the shoreside,admiring the mountains.
Opatija
Looking for an alternative to the Amalfi Coast? Relax in this stunning sea-side town and drink coffee like the locals with a Bijela kava as you watch the world go by. Go on a private walking tour with a local expert guide to discover why it’s called the Pearl of the Adriatic.
Buenos Aires
Known as the Paris of South America, Buenos Aires has it all. Fantastic food, an energetic nightlife, and top-end hotels. Why not get a feel of the Argentisian culture, while sharing some quality time with your partner with a tango lesson? If you prefer to leave it to the professionals, there s always a tango show instead.
1. What do we know about Bled?| A．It offers horseback tours. |
| B．It is a seaside town. |
| C．It has many coffee shops. |
| D．It features beautiful jewels. |
| A．Bled. | B．Bellagio. | C．Opatija. | D．Buenos Aires. |
| A．A history book. | B．A travel magazine. |
| C．A sports newspaper. | D．An academic article. |
【推荐1】Did you know that, in 2016, over 18 million people attended classical concerts in Germany? That’s more people than those who went to main league football matches! Earlier this year, Germany continued its celebration of classical music with the opening of a new concert hall in the heart of Hamburg. Germans are very proud of it and it’s the first thing I show to my friends when they come to visit.
Known as the “Elphi” by the locals, the Elbphilharmonie is a beautiful tower of glittering glass sitting atop an old warehouse by the banks of the river Elbe. The plaza (露天广场) is open to the public and from the middle of the city’s tallest building, you can gaze across the harbour, miles of rooftops and passing ships below.
The main concert hall seats over 2,000 people and is one of the most advanced music venues in the world. Two smaller concert halls are used for jazz, world and contemporary music. In addition, if you’re unbelievably rich, you can buy one of the 45 luxurious (奢侈的) apartments lying within the building.
Construction began in 2007 with a budget of 
241 million and a twoyear period. Fast forward ten years, the building eventually opened with a final price tag of over 800 million!
I consider myself very lucky that the Elbphilharmonie opened during my time living in Hamburg, but unfortunately I haven’t yet been able to attend a concert. Everything is sold out for six months! For now, I’m content to visit the plaza to enjoy the impressive views over the clocks and see the innovative architecture up close. Hopefully one day soon, I’ll be lucky enough to grab a lastminute concert ticket!
1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?| A．Germany. | B．Hamburg. |
| C．A new concert hall. | D．Its celebration of classical music. |
| A．A hall. | B．A river. | C．A tower. | D．A bridge. |
| A．The new concert hall can hold 3,000 people at least. |
| B．The construction of the new concert hall is perfect. |
| C．It took a longer time and more money to build the concert hall. |
| D．The majority of audience are likely to pay for the luxurious apartments. |
| A．The author was invited to visit it. | B．Few concerts have been held. |
| C．The performance was well received. | D．People find it easy to get concert tickets. |
【推荐2】China will accelerate law-making on making up for ecological damage, as the mechanism (机制) continues to prove its role in helping restore damaged environments across the country, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. From 2018 to 2021, authorities across the country handled about 11, 300 such cases, with compensation (补偿) amounting to almost 11.7 billion yuan.
The department showed statistics demonstrating the mechanism as effective in dealing with ecological and environmental damage.
It said that thanks to the compensation, over 36 million cubic meters of contaminated soil and 300 million cubic meters of polluted surface water have been treated. The mechanism has also helped restore over 61 million square meters of forest.
In a case exposed in late 2019, for instance, a paper company named Meili was found to have illegally dumped a large amount of thick, black waste from papermaking in the Tengger Desert. According to the ministry’s investigation, most of the pollutants were dumped from 2003 to 2007, polluted soil and groundwater, and damaging plants. In March 2021, after a third-party agency was brought in to assess the damage, a court in Zhongwei required the polluter to pay more than 198 million yuan in compensation in two stages.
In the first stage, Meili will pay about 44.2 million yuan to cover the cost to investigate andclean up the pollutants. The rest of the compensation will be used in the second stage to carry out compensatory restoration, groundwater monitoring and risk control in the area. In its statement, the department of law, regulation and standards also noted the remarkable progress the country has made in enhancing the institutions for the mechanism.
Bie Tao, director of the department, vowed further efforts to promote law-making for the mechanism. “Aside from striving to include ecological and environmental damage compensationinto the Environmental Protection Law and other relevant laws, we will also make efforts to promote research into a specific law for the mechanism,” he said.
1. What does the underlined word “contaminated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?| A．Dirty. | B．Pure. | C．Tidy. | D．Rich. |
| A．How to make the law. | B．How the mechanism worked. |
| C．How to monitor groundwater. | D．How the environment was polluted. |
| A．Detailed news about global warming. |
| B．Clearly defined law for the mechanism. |
| C．Further research into the paper company. |
| D．Regular process of environmental protection. |
| A．Make polluters pay | B．Keep the earth healthy |
| C．Stop environmental damage | D．Work harmoniously with each other |
【推荐3】People who have kids live longer than those who remain childless, an academic study has suggested. Researchers believe it is because adults’ immune systems are “refreshed” when kids go to nursery and start picking up infections.
During the course of someone’s life, their immune system can become weaker. But when kids start bringing infections home, their parents’ immune systems get a workout. Non-parents — unless they are teachers or nurses perhaps — do not get the same exposure to infection.
Writing in the journal Scientific Reports, Miguel Portela said parents had less risk of dying from infection than non-parents and if they did, it was about five years later. He said that “a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin.” He added, “With this improved immune system, the parent has a better chance to defend whatever infections that might strike when old and weak and parenthood is rewarded in individual terms through an improved immunization against infections.” Naturally there are other reasons why some people live longer than others, but they may not be comparable with becoming a parent. The academics say that high income and house ownership are always associated with higher survival but less so than having children.
Mr. Portela admits the research is far from complete, saying that while the results “record a relationship between the presence of children and death rate, the specific transmission mechanisms remain unclear. He acknowledges the presence of other, perhaps behavioral factors in parents which result in changed death rate compared to individuals without children.” He adds, “While the relationships of lifestyle choices such as smoking, obesity, drinking and other behavioral factors with life expectancy and causes of death are well studied and understood, the same cannot be said for the individual decision to become a parent”.
1. Why did Mr. Portela say “parents had less risk of dying from infection than non-parents”?| A．Parents have healthier lifestyles. |
| B．Parents have less exposure to infection. |
| C．Parents have higher ability to fight against infections. |
| D．Parents have less experience to fight against infections. |
| A．By being exposed to their kids’ infection. | B．By working out with their kids. |
| C．By refreshing their kids’ life. | D．By strengthening their kids’ infection. |
| A．Rich life benefits parents more than having children. |
| B．Lack of sleep has nothing to do with life expectancy. |
| C．The presence of children can improve parents’ health |
| D．Behavioral factors contribute to higher death rate than having no children. |
| A．Parents and Non-parents | B．How to Achieve Longer Life Expectancy? |
| C．How Is Parents’ Immune Systems Changed? | D．Children’s Effect on Parents’ Immune System |
【推荐1】A new study suggests the Apple Watch was able to identify abnormal heart rates that could be linked to a serious heart condition.
More than 400,000 Apple Watch users volunteered for the study. It was a project of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine. Apple, the American technology company, provided money for the study. Results were recently presented at a major conference on heart health in New Orleans, Louisiana.
The researchers looked for signs of atrial fibrillation, also called “a-fib”, the most common form of irregular heartbeat. Some people with a-fib feel changes in their heartbeat, while others do not. Because of this, many people do not know they have the condition. People with untreated a-fib are about five times more likely to suffer a stroke. In the United States, a-fib causes an estimated 130,000 deaths and 750,000 hospitalizations each year.
People taking part in the study wore the Apple Watch for extended periods. The devices contain an app that continuously gathers information without users having to do anything. It uses the watch’s light sensor technology to measure blood flow. The system is designed to identify changes that might show an irregular heartbeat.
The researchers said that out of those taking part, about 2,000 subjects received a warning from the device that they might have a problem. Those individuals were then asked to contact a doctor, who decided whether they should receive more close watch for a possible irregular heartbeat.
Lloyd Minor, head of Stanford’s School of Medicine, said in a statement that the results show great promise in using technology to create “more predictive and preventive health care”. Doctor Minor added that a-fib is just one example of a condition devices can help identify in the future. “This study opens the door to further research into wearable technologies and how they might be used to prevent disease before it strikes,” he said.
But some health researchers warned against making any general judgements based on the Apple-financed study. They have called for much more research to measure the effectiveness of wearable devices to identify signs of disease. Richard Kovacs, who was with the American College of Cardiology and was not involved with the study, told the Associated Press that despite the results, the Apple Watch system “is not perfect.” He noted that since the study did not have a comparison group getting regular ECG measurements, there is no way of knowing if the device missed heartbeat problems. This could give users a false sense of security, he said.
Other experts agreed that more studies are needed before similar device-based health observation systems are widely recommended.
1. What does the new study mainly find out?| A．Apple Watch can warn of heart problems. | B．Apple Watch can protect people against a-fib. |
| C．Abnormal heart rates can cause a stroke. | D．Heart problems can be identified and cured. |
| A．measuring the wearer’s heart rates | B．sending information to the wearer through an app |
| C．extending the time of wearing it | D．monitoring the wearer’s bloodstream |
| A．It’s difficult for doctors to predict and prevent disease now. |
| B．A-fib is just one example of a condition that causes heart problems. |
| C．Wearable technologies might identify and treat any disease one day. |
| D．There are more possibilities of development in wearable technology. |
| A．wearable technologies are developing fast but shouldn’t be applied to medicine |
| B．the study results are inspiring but more proofs are needed to ensure the accuracy |
| C．the study is sponsored by a commercial company so the results are a little unfair |
| D．device-based health observation systems are convenient and should be widely used |
【推荐2】Petra and Wadi Rum, Jordan
When it comes to the world’s wonderful desert scenery, Jordan’s Petra and Wadi Rum has it. Also known as the Valley of the Moon, this place is one of the best due to its amazing desert canyons and rock walls. Participants love exploring its Burdah and Um Fruth, walking to the impressive ancient city.
Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
The Rongai Route is the best route if the participants of the walking tour want a quiet climb. The Kili Trail permits travelers to witness the region’s wilderness, virgin forests, and rare animals. This route, according to many, is the easiest way to reach the top where the breath-taking 360-degree sights of natural wonders await.
Quebec, Canada
This special environment made up of both the natural and cultural treasures, where fresh water becomes one with the tides of the sea, makes Quebec one of the interesting walking tour destinations in the world. Here is a track that heads to the Saguenay Fjord National Park which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Adding to the beauty of Quebec are its sparkling waterfalls, inviting lakes, and rare animals.
Great Smoky Mountain, US
This region has been named as the ancestral home of the Cherokee Indians, where rich natural wonders combined with interesting history are the major happenings. The rich natural reserve is evident and enjoyed by walking tour participants. What also makes this destination a popular choice is its reputation as the biggest wilderness on the eastern part of the United States.
1. Which tour combines the scenery of land and water?| A．Petra and Wadi Rum. | B．Kilimanjaro. |
| C．Quebec. | D．Great Smoky Mountain. |
| A．Special history. |
| B．National park. |
| C．Virgin forests. |
| D．Ocean view. |
| A．Magical Nature Reserves |
| B．Best Walking Tours |
| C．Colorful Cultural Treasures |
| D．Amazing Wilderness Areas |
【推荐3】On March 2, at the meeting held ahead of the yearly session of the CPPCC National Committee(全国政协大会), interpreter(口译员) Yao Mengyao caught the attention of many with her “quick reaction and correct translation, ”Xinhua noted.
Yao began her studies in English in primary school where she would listen to English tapes.
She often spoke to her teacher about English-related topics that were not limited to the ones in her textbooks, “They were always very professional uncommon topics, ”said Yao’s senior school teacher Shen Yingzi.
Like Yao, Zhang Lu is a regular interpreter for China's top leaders, including Premier Li Keqing and former Premier Wen Jiabao. Her effortless but on-point translations of ancient poems mentioned by former Premier Wen won praise.
So how do interpreters reach their top positions?
The reason for their success is largely hard work. Other than when they go out on visits with Chinese leaders, the interpreters follow a very strict schedule. Zhang called this schedule“an unshakable plan”. They listen to foreign media such as BBC, VOA or CNN through TV or radio for their training.
It is reported that a month before the two sessions(两会), the interpreters get notice of the spokesperson they are going to interpret for. They then make full use of this month to prepare themselves. They try to predict the questions that might be asked and consider the sayings the spokesperson might use when they answer the questions.
In truth, there is no secret to their success: It’s all a matter of skill and hard work.
1. What can be inferred from the second paragraph?| A．Yao tried to make a speech in English. | B．The textbooks didn't interest yao at all. |
| C．Yao showed a strong interest in English. | D．The teacher got tired of Yao's endless questions. |
| A．Serious. | B．Ordinary. | C．Organized. | D．Frequent. |
| A．Make a schedule for foreign visits. | B．Predict the questions to be asked. |
| C．Go out on visits with Chinese leaders. | D．Discuss with their teammates. |
| A．By working hard. | B．By travelling abroad. |
| C．By making a strict schedule. | D．By following the leaders. |
