Do you ever walk out of a room with an idea in your head, only to discover moments later that it's gone? 1f so, don't worry: it's a very common experience.
The problem is often caused by "event boundaries".
Tests have proved that we're much more forgetful when we move from one location to another.
If possible, say the key points out loud: the job you're walking off to do in the next room, for example, or the plans you've just made on the phone. We actually know memory depends on imagery.
Every day you're faced with event boundaries that may restrict your recall. But by avoiding them when you can, and disguising them when you can’t, you'll find that much less of your learning gets lost.
| A．But here's how to fight back. |
| B．So picture the details you want to keep. |
| C．Many of us don't know how to deal with it properly. |
| D．These are what your memory uses to stop remembering. |
| E．And scientists believe that we can explain and approach it. |
| F．But the same happens when we go from one activity to another, too. |
| G．And only in this way can we overcome event boundaries successfully. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】It’s easy to talk yourself out of exercising. Even when you have the best intentions to work out, excuses are so easy to find — “I’m too tired”, “I’m busy” or “The weather is bad”. Don’t worry!
※ Take baby steps.
You’ll never try to run 10 miles just in a single day, right? When you do too much too soon, you’ll end up injured and discouraged. Take it easy as you get stated. Maybe you only run a quarter of a mile during your first week.
※ Show the clock who is boss.
Health experts say that you should aim for at least 150 minutes of exercise a week, plus weight training at least twice a week. If you work too late to get to a gym, keep a set of weights at home. If you can’t do 30 minutes at once, break it up into 10 or 15 minutes’ sections.
※
Your workout should be just as much a habit as brushing your teeth or eating breakfast. When it’s part of your routine, you won’t even have to think about it. In a few months, fitness can be regular in your day.
※ Keep it real.
You’re not going to shake off 30 pounds in a week.
※Celebrate.
It takes weeks to see real changes. Therefore, even a pound of weight loss or a pound of muscle gain is the reason to reward yourself.
| A．Do it for yourself. |
| B．Try to get used to it. |
| C．Go out with friends or buy a pair of jeans. |
| D．Keep a fitness journal to record your progress. |
| E．Aim for something that is realistic as a first step. |
| F．The following tricks can keep your fitness routine on track. |
| G．When it gets easy for you, you’ll surely make it more challenging. |
【推荐2】In Stressful Times, Make Stress Work for You
These are stressful times. Fortunately, we can actually use that stress to improve our health and well-being. Over a decade of research suggests that it’s not the type or amount of stress that determines its impact.
Step 1: Acknowledge Your Stress
Labeling your stress consciously and deliberately moves neural activity from the amygdala — the center of emotion and fear — to the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive control and planning.
In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating from a fearful, reactive place to a position where we can be thoughtful and deliberate.
Step 2: Own Your Stress
The next step is to welcome, or “own,” your stress. We only stress about things that we care about.
Step 3:
Connecting to the core values behind your stress sets you up for the third and most essential step: using or leveraging stress to achieve your goals and connect more deeply with the things that matter most.
Ask yourself: Are your typical responses in alignment with the values behind your stress? Think about how you might change your response to this stress to achieve your goals and your purpose.
There’s so much happening right now that we can’t control.
| A．Use Your Stress |
| B．Release Your Stress |
| C．By owning our stress, we connect to the positive motivation or personal value behind our stress. |
| D．But — as many people are noticing — there are also unprecedented opportunities. |
| E．Instead, it’s our mind-set about stress that matters most. |
| F．But later, we will be able to ask ourselves how we each responded to this crisis. |
| G．This step is also an opportunity to understand what’s at the heart of your personal stress or anxiety. |
【推荐3】Mindfulness(正念)makes you focus on the present and your thoughts, emotions, and actions. This can be great for your body and mind.
Try meditation(冥想)
Find somewhere comfortable. Sit in a relaxed position.
Observe the world around you.
How many times have you had thoughts like “I shouldn’t feel this way” or “that’s a terrible thought”? Over time, judging your feelings as right or wrong can lead to poor self-respect. So the next time you have a bad thought, accept it; don’t judge it.
| A．Accept your feelings. |
| B．Listen to others’ advice. |
| C．You can do this anywhere, at any time. |
| D．Remember that it does not prove you. |
| E．Close your eyes and focus on your breathing. |
| F．You will take your friend to see a film after work. |
| G．It can also help to improve your focus on your workplace relationships. |
【推荐1】Long，long ago people made fires from lightening（闪电）.But they had to keep the fire burning，for they couldn't start it again if there was no lightening.Later，they found out hitting two pieces of stone together could make a spark（火花）.The spark could fire dry leaves.In this way they could make the fire again if it went out.Then people also learned to make a fire by rubbing（摩擦）.They made a hole on a piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole.They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire.
A years went by, people learned other ways to make a fire. Sometimes they used the heat from the sun. They held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.
About two centuries ago, people began to make matches. Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fires. Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires. One of them is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive than a box of matches. But it is very useful.
1. From the text we know that a spark can _____.| A．fire any leaves | B．burn anything |
| C．burn dry leaves | D．keep fire burning |
| A．making a hole on a big piece of wood | B．putting a smaller stick into the hole |
| C．turning the stick hard for a while | D．all above together |
| A．for about two thousand years |
| B．for about two hundred years |
| C．since people began to use fire for cooking |
| D．since people used the heat from the sun |
| A．electric fire starters are widely used |
| B．people haven't used matches since they had electric fire starters |
| C．today there are only two ways to make fire |
| D．some forest fires happen from lightening |
a. with a match b. from the sun c. from lightening d. by rubbing e. with an electric fire starter
| A．a,b,c,d,e | B．b,c,a,e,d |
| C．c,d,b,a, e | D．d,a,c,b,e |
【推荐2】Maybe you are familiar with scenes in movies where a pilot has encountered(遇) an issue mid-flight and you hear him shout “Mayday，mayday，mayday”.
But what does “mayday” mean? “Mayday” is an internationally recognized distress call（求救信号），mostly used by pilots and boat captains. The signal can be sent out by any channel by radio communication.
This emergency call originated in the 1920s. At that time, the standard distress call was “SOS” and was typically used by navy captains. The message was sent in Morse code by telegraph. In Morse codes,“SOS”is three dots（点），three dashes（线）and three dots. The signal was unmistakable. However, aircraft pilots use radio calls, so sending out “SOS”could be misheard as other letters, such as “F”.
Frederick Stanley Mockford, a radio officer at Croydon Airport in London, was asked to think of a word that would indicate distress. Because of the amount of the flights that flew between Croydon and Paris, he chose mayday, as it sounds similar to the French word “m’aider”, which means “help me”.
Facing a threatening situation, pilots are required to repeat the signal three times in case of radio interference（干扰）or loud background noise. If the pilots don’t get a reply within two minutes, they should repeat it. Once they receive a reply, more information, including the code of the flight, their current situation and the number of people on board should be reported. Sometimes pilots are directed to a nearby airport or location where they can make an emergency landing. While mayday signals indicate a life-threatening situation, they do not always end in fatalities（死亡）.
Despite dangers, air travel is still the safest means of transport.
1. What does the article tell us about“mayday”？| A．It is a signal mainly used in European countries. |
| B．It is only used by pilots and boat captains. |
| C．It was invented by a radio reporter in the 1920s. |
| D．It was sent by telegraph in the beginning. |
| A．---…--- | B．------… |
| C．…….--- | D．…---… |
| A．“SOS”was easily misheard by navy captains. |
| B．it sounds similar to “m’aider”,the French word for “help me” |
| C．its pronunciation is similar to“distress”in French |
| D．it had something to do with the flight at Croydon Airport |
| A．When to use mayday signals. |
| B．What makes mayday signals useful. |
| C．How mayday signals were recognized. |
| D．How to use mayday signals to call for help. |
【推荐3】The Arctic's permafrost is inciting— and fast. That's bad news, because these frozen soils store billions of tons of carbon, just waiting to be released. So is there a way to save the permafrost? One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants.
Back in 1996 researchers started an experiment called Pleistocene Park. They fenced in about eight square miles of land in northeast Siberia. Then they introduced different types of herbivores: reindeer, horses, bison, sheep and other large creatures.
Since then, scientists have studied these animals' effects on the ecosystem. One outcome is that these large herbivores help keep the ground very cold — cooler than it would otherwise be.
“The snow in winter is important for soil temperature, because it acts as an insulating layer. So the air in winter, at the high latitudes, is much colder than the soil." Philipp Porada, a vegetation ecologist at the University of Hamburg. "So the idea of this experiment was to introduce large herbivores — and to quantify their effects on soil temperature to see if they can actually protect permafrost soils against melting. And this works because of the animals' trampling (践踏), and this leads to less insulation of the soil against cold air temperatures and results in a cooling effect.”
Freezing air reaches the soil more easily. Porada and his colleagues realized the significance of this effect, so they pulled data from Pleistocene Park and Sweden to model what effect herbivores could have on permafrost if they lived in large numbers in the Arctic.
They found that even in a worst-case situation, some four degrees Celsius of global wanning: “These herbivores in the model reduce soil temperature substantially, by 1.7 degrees on average. And this leads to a preservation of around 80 percent of the original — today's permafrost area. Without the herbivore effect in the model, only 50 percent of the permafrost area would remain by the year 2100. So we can say the effect of the herbivores in the model leads to a substantial preservation of permafrost soil."
1. Why is the Pleistocene Park Experiment mentioned?| A．To provide the past research data. |
| B．To share soil preservation experience. |
| C．To introduce a way to save permafrost. |
| D．To prove animals' effect on soil temperature. |
| A．Covering. | B．Blocking. |
| C．Storing. | D．Freezing. |
| A．Cooling the ground. | B．Heating the soil |
| C．Damaging the ground. | D．Softening the soil. |
| A．Permafrost Is Disappearing | B．Preservation of Permafrost |
| C．An Experiment on Herbivores | D．Herbivores Help Save Permafrost |
