【推荐1】Shanghai—Shanghai officials are welcoming a new national-water law that they say will help them protect the upper reaches of the Huangpu River and other water ways in Shanghai.

The new law, which came into effect yesterday, updates a law enacted（颁布） in 1988 that focused on supplying water to needy areas, but didn’t pay a great deal of attention to environmental protection.

The previous law, for example, gave local authorities power over waterways in these areas, but didn’t pay attention to the sources of those rivers and lakes. So, Shanghai was responsible for cleaning and protecting the lower reaches of the Chang Jiang River but had no say in how the river’s upper reaches, which feed into Shanghai, are maintained.

The new law will make it easier to control the amount of waste that ends up in local rivers and reduce inefficient use of waterways, said Zhang Jia-yi, director of the Shanghai Water Affairs Bureau, on the bureau’s website commenting on law yesterday.

Zhang said the new law focuses on the efficient use of water sources and emphasizes the harmonious development of China’s population, its economy and environment.

Zhang also emphasizes the city will crack down on companies and individuals that pollute the city’s water sources. The bureau sets up a special force to investigate(调查) water pollution in March.

So far this year, the bureau has published more than 3 million in fines on various polluters, Zhang said.

1. The best title for the news report should be ______.

A．A new Law Is Born

B．A New Water Law to Protect Rivers

C．Is it Necessary to Protect the Rivers

D．Make Full Use of Water Sources

2. The underlined phrase “crack down on” in Paragraph 6 means _____.

A．bring up carefully	B．speak highly of
C．deal with seriously	D．destroy completely

3. Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The law in 1988 is suitable for the new requirements.

B．The new law will stop waste being poured into the Chang Jiang River.

C．A lot of polluting units have been fined this year.

D．The new law and the old one are kind of the same in protecting the environment.

4. We can infer from the passage that _____ .

A．the problem of protecting the water sources wasn’t paid much attention to

B．no laws were carried out to manage the water sources in Shanghai.

C．the new law mainly emphasizes how to make use of the water sources.

D．companies or individuals that polluted the water sources didn’t get fined.

【推荐3】Forests are always losers at the Olympics, and that’s unlikely to change anytime soon.

For the winter games in PyeongChang, South Korea, virgin forest was destroyed on Mount Gariwang to accommodate ski runs. For the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, a ski run is set to wipe out part of the Songshan National Nature Reserve. And let’s not forget the 240 acres of Atlantic Forest that were leveled for the 2016 games in Rio de Janeiro to make way for a golf course.

For the upcoming Tokyo games, environmental and human rights advocates have been raising alarms about the use of tropical (热带的) wood to build the New National stadium. Activists have fought against such environmental destruction. The damage is often permanent, threatens endangered plants and animals and in some cases, causes conflicts with native people. But frequently the country’s organizing committee, and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) have found ways to make it reasonable — despite a paragraph in the Olympic Charter (宪章) that states that the IOC’s role is to “encourage and support a responsible concern for environmental issues”.

“As it stands now, the IOC has little authority over a city’s local organizing committee, which finally plans the event, ” Chappelet, professor of public management at the University of Lausanne, told Earther. “Even if the IOC is dissatisfied with the way host cities have prepared for the games, they have no built-in systems to watch them so that they strictly follow the Olympic Charter.” The only thing they can do if they’re not happy is to withdraw (= take back) the right to organize the game. “But the IOC could include more enforcement (执行) systems into the contract they make with the host city,” he added. That contract must be signed and obeyed by everyone and those who break it must be fined.

Boykoff, the author of several books on the Olympics, suggested a similar solution. “The IOC could insist that host cities take their ecological (生态的) promises into account first, but instead they look the other way, time and time again,” he said.

1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．Popularity of the Olympics.	B．Different needs of the Olympics.
C．Importance of protecting forests.	D．Problems caused by the Olympics.

2. The IOC is expected to ______ according to the Olympic Charter.

A．lead the fight against destruction

B．withdraw the rights of host cities

C．ban the destruction of the environment

D．promote a responsible concern for the environment

3. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A．the IOC	B．built-in systems
C．host cities	D．the games

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．IOC Stresses Its Active Role	B．Prized Forests Lost Big
C．Perfect Solutions are found	D．Conflicts Arise at the Olympics

【推荐2】For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there's plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you don't wait, you just do it at the counter.” Out­of­hours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends.

Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now   a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want.

The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)．

1. What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain?

A．That they drive faster than the drivers in Britain.

B．That they can open a bank account at any time.

C．That working extra hours in Britain is very common.

D．That working pace in Britain is less fast than at home.

2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________.

A．Jack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years

B．employees in the West show less respect for their boss.

C．Chinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas

D．people in Europe express themselves in a modest way

3. According to CME, most students return to China because ________.

A．it's hard for them to get a green card

B．it's easy for them to buy a house at home

C．they will have to look after their parents

D．there are more job opportunities in China

4. How does the writer organize the text?

A．By interviewing students abroad.

B．By comparing the differences.

C．By discussing some facts.

D．By listing some figures.

【推荐3】Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September, 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shaanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.

We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

The Earth’s crust (地壳) is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the plate moves, they move with it.

Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunami. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence (发生) of earthquakes in the world.

1. The passage is mainly about                .

A．scientists who study earthquakes	B．the way of measuring earthquakes
C．a usual natural disaster — earthquakes	D．what people should do in the earthquake

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．The earthquake in Shaanxi Province happened in 1556.

B．The earthquake in Shaanxi Province killed almost one million people.

C．The earthquake in Shaanxi Province caused a lot of damage.

D．The earthquake in Shaanxi Province was the only earthquake in China.

3. According to the passage we know that tsunamis                .

A．can cause earthquakes	B．are caused by earthquakes
C．only happen on land	D．are a way of measuring earthquakes

【推荐1】It’s easy to think that the globe’s vast oceans would be effective barriers to the movement of land animals. An elephant can’t swim across the Pacific, after all. But it turns out that plenty of plants and animals have unintentionally floated across oceans from one continent to another. Now comes evidence that tiny, trapdoor spiders (蜘蛛) made such a journey millions of years ago.

Moggridgea rainbowi spiders can be found on Kangaroo Island, which sits off the south coast of Australia. These spiders build a silk-lined hole in the ground, notes Sophie Harrison, a biologist in Australia. The hole and trapdoor provide these spiders with shelter and protection. It also provides them an out-of-sight spot from which to wait for approaching creatures.

There is evidence, though, that the ancestors of them might have traveled millions of meters to get to Australia from Africa. That isn’t as unlikely as it might at first seem. Australia used to be connected to other continents, long ago, as part of a supercontinent called Gondwana. And humans have been known to transport species all over the planet. But there’s a third option. The spiders might have rafted (乘筏) long distances across the sea.

To figure out which story was most likely true, Harrison and her colleagues looked at the spider’s genes. They looked at the genes in seven Moggridgea rainbowi spiders from Kangaroo, and five species of Moggridgea spiders from South Africa. The Australian and African spiders split off from a common ancestor some 2 million to 16 million years ago, the genes showed.

If a large swatch of land washes into the sea, filled with arachnids (蛛形纲动物), the spiders may be able to hide themselves throughout the journey. Plus, they can “hold their breath” and survive on stored oxygen during periods of temporary flooding, the researchers note.

1. What is the common belief about land animals according to the text?

A．They are sensitive to natural disasters.

B．They are unlikely to move across oceans.

C．They can’t make a long ocean voyage.

D．They float across oceans accidentally.

2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Biologists.	B．Australians.
C．The spiders.	D．The creatures.

3. How did the researchers conclude Australian and African spiders are from a common ancestor?

A．By comparing their genes.

B．By observing their living habits.

C．By making changes to their genes.

D．By studying their physical characteristics.

4. What could be the best title for the text?

A．These Spiders Traveled Globally to Hide Themselves

B．These Spiders Became More Adaptive When Traveling

C．These Spiders Crossed an Ocean to Australia for Survival

D．These Spiders Crossed an Ocean to Become Australians naturally

【推荐2】Tommy got up very early on the Christmas morning. He looked in every room and wished a Merry Christmas to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. When he returned to his home, his mother gave him two bright, new silver dollars.

His face lighted up as he got them. He had wished for 3 weeks to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore. He left his home with a light heart, and expected to buy the books. He was running down the street when he saw a poor family.

“I wish you a Merry Christmas.” said Tommy, as he was passing on. The man shook his head.“You are not from this country.” said Tommy. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. He pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a few days.” Tommy understood at once that these poor people were very hungry. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.

They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant,“ thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”

When Tommy came home, his mother asked what books he bought. He hung his head a moment, but he quickly looked up.“I have bought no books” said he, “instead I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next Christmas Day.”

“Oh, my dear boy,” said his mother, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a Christmas gift”

“I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice of you, a little boy, to do so. Be always ready to help others and every Christmas of your life will become to you a Merry Christmas.”

1. Tommy expected to _________ when he got the money from his mother.

A．help the poor family	B．buy something to eat
C．buy some pretty books	D．learn another language

2. Why did the poor man shake his head when Tommy spoke to him?

A．He couldn’t understand the boy	B．He wouldn’t accept the money
C．He didn’t like the boy’s language	D．He was too cold to say anything

3. What does the writer try to encourage us to do in this passage?

A．respect old people	B．be ready to help people
C．learn a second language	D．read more books

4. We know that Tommy_________ from the passage.

A．got a prize for his kind heart	B．had to buy his books next year
C．bought the books at the bookstore	D．got more money from his mother

【推荐3】Seni Felie has already lived through a crisis. He came to America in 1994 as a refugee (难民) from the war in the Socialist Federal Republie of Yugoslavia. He was 29 years old at the time and alone.

These days, he owns a restaurant in San Francisco called Bistro SF Grill, and he is feeling optimistic despite the crisis. “We’re going to pool our resources and people will pull together, and it will have a strong effect on solving any problems,” he told Reader’s Digest.

With that attitude in mind, he posted this on Nextdoor: “We are inviting all to stop by Bistro SF Grill at 1305 Castro St. to grab a lunch or dinner prepackaged box beginning Tuesday, March 17, beginning at noon and every day after. Price is only $5.50 and it covers our expenses,” he wrote.

Bistro SF Grill will be offering three different meals: chicken, rice, and vegetables; fish, rice, and vegetables; and vegan mushroom paella. All are gluten-free (无谷蛋白). The menu will change weekly.

“A lot of seniors, families, and people who don’t know how to cook are in need of fresh, high-quality food daily,” Felic said. “I’ve seen much worse than this—groups of people with guns, and people killed. I was hungry for three years. Under these conditions, food is necessary. Our idea was: Let’s try to help. We’d like to give for free but we can’t afford it.”

The restaurant started GoFundMe (请资助我) page to further lower the cost of the meals. So far, neighbors have pitched in almost $2,000.

He believes that working together and helping others will be the key to helping us—all of us—get through this. “This problem will be contained, and I just feel optimistic,” he added. “When people come together, I think we can overcome almost anything.”

1. Why did Seni Felic post a message on Nextdoor?

A．To provide free food.	B．To sell a cheap lunch.
C．To make more money.	D．To earn a good name.

2. One of Seni Felic’s experiences in the past was he ________.

A．used to suffer from hunger	B．didn’t know how to cook
C．was offered food for free	D．faced the threat of death

3. What does the underlined phrase “pitched in” in Paragraph 6 mean?

A．Dealt with.	B．Focused on.
C．Accounted for.	D．Contributed to.

4. Which of the following is Seni Felic’s belief?

A．Equality for all.	B．Greeting with each other.
C．Spirit of cooperation.	D．Being confident.

【推荐1】Somewhere in the warm, clear waters off the coast of Australia, a mature bottlenose dolphin is swimming with her daughter. It's dinnertime. But, instead of chasing down a fish in open waters like she usually does, mom swims over to a basket sponge (海绵)growing on the ocean floor. In a quick move, she breaks off a piece of the sponge, then fits it closely over her mouth. It's hard not to wonder what that watchful youngster might be thinking about all this. Are you going to eat that sponge? Are we playing?

With the sponge secured on her beak, the older dolphin starts sweeping her head back and forth across the ocean floor. She's looking for fish like the sand perch （沙鲈），which hide themselves on the floor of the sea under the sand. As for the sponge stuck onto her mouth, it allows her to clear away the sand without injuring herself on broken pieces of coral, or maybe even suffering the sting （刺痛）of the scorpion fish. The extra work it takes to catch a fish like the sand perch is worth it because they tend to be fattier. And for a dolphin, fattier means more nutritious.

Sure enough, after a few minutes, a sand perch comes out. The fish dashes off for a few yards and then hesitates, waiting for a moment before burying itself in the sand again. In that brief pause, the elder dolphin shakes off the sponge, surfaces for a breath, and then comes down and catches the sand perch before it can rebury itself. She then passes it to her daughter. And with that, the younger dolphin hasn't just gotten a good meal ； more importantly, she's learned a powerful hunting technique - one that years from now, she'll pass along to her own children.

1. Which word best describes the young dolphin's feeling in the first paragraph?

A．Anxious.	B．Curious.
C．Scared.	D．Relaxed.

2. Why does the mother dolphin need a piece of sponge?

A．To chase down fattier fish.	B．To play with her children.
C．To protect herself from being hurt.	D．To hide herself under the sand.

3. How does the older dolphin catch the sand perch?

A．She waits for the right time.	B．She hides under the sand.
C．She sets a trap for it.	D．She makes use of space.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Guidance of an experienced elder.	B．Reliance of a young dolphinonher mom.
C．Theprocess of catching fat fish.	D．The powerful hunting technique.

【推荐2】AIDS may be one of the most undesirable diseases in the world. Luckily, there is now hope for AIDS patients.

According to a recent paper published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Chinese scientists have successfully used CRISPR technology - a method of gene editing - to treat a patient with HIV. While it may not have cured the patient fully, it still represents a huge step forward in fighting the disease.

The patient was a 27-year-old Chinese man who was diagnosed with both AIDS and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (急性淋巴细胞白血病), a type of blood cancer. Despite his hopeless situation, doctors offered him a glimmer of hope: a bone marrow (骨髓) transplant to treat his cancer and an experimental treatment for his HIV.

They used this opportunity to edit the DNA in bone marrow stem cells from a donor before transplanting the cells into the patient.

Specifically, the treatment involved using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCR5, which encodes a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells. Without the gene, HIV is unable to infiltrate cells.

Talking about the gene, lead scientist Deng Hongkui told CNN, “After being edited, the cells - and the blood cells they produce - have the ability to resist HIV infection.”

Nineteen months after the treatment, the patient’s leukemia was in complete remission (缓解) and donor cells without CCR5 remained, according to the research paper.

Though the transplant did not cure the man’s HIV, it still showed the effectiveness of gene-editing technology, as there was no indication of any unintended genetic alterations - a major concern with past gene therapy experiments.

Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Centre for Health Security in the United States, who was not involved in the study, praised the treatment.

“They did a very innovative experiment. It was safe,” he told Live Science. “It should be viewed as a success.”

Deng believes gene-editing technology could “bring a new dawn” to blood-related diseases such as AIDS and sickle cell anemia (镰刀形细胞性贫血).

“Thanks to this new technology, the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer,” he said.

1. The technology of CRISPR is to ___________.

A．transplant cells	B．encode genes
C．remove proteins	D．produce cells

2. What was the result of the treatment?

A．CCR5 and other genes in the patient’s cells were changed.

B．The number of cells infected by HIV decreased.

C．Some of the patient’s blood cells could resist HIV infection.

D．HIV no longer existed in the patient’s cells.

3. What do we know about the experiment?

A．It provided an innovative way to cure AIDS patients.

B．It pointed out the problems of gene therapy.

C．It could offer a safe treatment for blood-related diseases.

D．It’s the first experiment to use gene-editing technology to treat AIDS.

【推荐3】Abandoned around 900 years ago soon after its decoration started, Ta Keo (塔高寺) has been revived by Chinese and Cambodian experts.

The Angkor (吴哥窟) complex spreads over an area of 400 square kilometers. It was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1992. However, due to heavy rains, stealing and lack of protection for centuries, most temples of Angkor were seriously damaged.

In order to better protect and conserve these pearls of human civilization, China joined ICC-Angkor, an international campaign launched by Cambodia and   UNESCO in 1993. From Chausay Tevada to Ta Keo, the Chinese team has earned trust and established a good reputation.

“Its unfinished status shows the construction procedures of temples in Angkor. This gives Ta Keo irreplaceable value in the study of Angkor’s architecture,” said Jin Zhaoyu, an engineer from the CACH (中国文化遗产研究院).

Such uniqueness, however, presented greater challenges. Compared with Chausay Tevada, it covers a larger area and has more risks including unsteady stone structures, a poor drainage system and fallen key parts.

“Because the construction is unfinished, many fallen parts are not carved, leaving little information of its relations with other parts,” said Jin.

Jin showed archives of those fallen parts, each with its ID file, picture and dimensions. He said, “Every stone is unique. If one stone is in the wrong position, the gap will grow wider as you restore it and an accurate restoration will be impossible.”

To better understand the temple’s structure and precisely restore it, the team applied the most advanced technologies, including 3D laser scanning and mapping, structural research and drone recording, to build a complete digital model of Ta Keo.

Jin demonstrated the 3D model system, with which they restored the temple hundreds of times. “I can measure the dimensions of every stone and every gap in computer, and search the right stone that can fit in the gap,” Jin said.

This is much easier said than done.   Dozens of Chinese experts from various fields worked together with Cambodian colleagues to overcome a string of obstacles. It took them eight years to restore Ta Keo.

1. What can we learn about the Angkor complex from the text?

A．It has the largest size of its kind worldwide

B．Its significance has been ignored for a long time

C．It is in poor condition due to a variety of reasons

D．It was abandoned because of its poor decoration

2. Why is Ta Keo so important in the field of architecture?

A．It covers a very large area.	B．It has a history of over 900 years.
C．It tells how the temple was built.	D．It was on the World Heritage List.

3. What was the biggest challenge the Chinese team faced while restoring Ta Keo?

A．Knowing little about its structure.	B．Building the 3D model system.
C．Serious damage it had suffered.	D．Cooperation with Cambodian colleagues.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Hi-tech Applied to Restore Ta Keo

B．Protecting Pearls of Human Civilization

C．International Cooperation and Restoration

D．China’s Role in Restoring Cambodian Heritage