There is no misery so constant, so upsetting, and so intolerable to others, as that of having a character which is your master. There are corners at every turn in life, against which we may run, and at which we may break out in impatience, if we choose.
Look at Roger Sherman, who rose from a humble occupation to a seat in the first Congress of the United States, and whose judgment was received with great respect by that body of distinguished men. He made himself master of his temper and cultivated it as a great business in life. There are one or two instances which show this part of his character in a light that is beautiful.
One day, after having received his highest honors, he was sitting and reading in his sitting room. A student, in a room close by, held a looking-glass in such a position as to pour the reflected rays of the sun directly in Mr. Sherman’s face. He moved his chair, and the thing was repeated. A third time the chair was moved, but the looking-glass still reflected the sun in his eyes. He laid aside his book, went to the window, and many witnesses of the rude behavior expected to see the ungentlemanly student severely punished. He raised the window gently, and then --- shut the window blind!
I cannot help providing another instance of the power he had acquired over himself. He was naturally possessed of strong passions, but over these he finally obtained an extraordinary control. He became habitually calm and self-possessed. Mr. Sherman was one of those men who are not ashamed to maintain the forms of religion in their families. One morning he called all together as usual to lead them in prayer to God. The “old family Bible” was brought out and laid on the table.
Mr. Sherman took his seat and placed beside him one of his children, a child of his old age. The rest of the family were seated around the room, several of whom were now grown-ups. Besides these, some of the tutors of the college were boarders in the family and were present at the time. His aged mother occupied a corner of the room, opposite the place where the distinguished Judge sat.
At last, he opened the Bible and began to read. The child who was seated beside him made some little disturbance, upon which Mr. Sherman paused and told it to be still. Again he continued but again he had to pause to scold the little offender, whose playful character would scarcely permit it to be still. At this time he gently tapped its ear. The blow, if blow it might be called, caught the attention of his aged mother, who now with some effort rose from the seat and tottered across the room. At last, she reached the chair of Mr. Sherman, and in a moment, most unexpectedly to him, she gave him a blow on the ear with all the force she could gather. “There,” said she, “you strike your child, and I strike mine.”
For a moment, the blood was seen mounting to the face of Mr. Sherman. But it was only for a moment and all was calm and mild as usual. He paused; he raised his glasses; he cast his eye upon his mother; again it fell upon the book from which he had been reading. Not a word escaped him; but again he calmly pursued the service, and soon sought in prayer an ability to set an example before his household which should be worthy of their imitation. Such a victory was worth more than the proudest one ever achieved on the field of battle.
1. The following sentence should be put at the beginning of Paragraph ______.The difference in the happiness which is received by the man who governs his temper and that by the man who does not is dramatic.
A.One | B.Two | C.Three | D.Four |
A.By analyzing reasons. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By listing arguments. | D.By comparing facts. |
A.He came from a distinguished family background. |
B.He was not good at displaying his true inner feelings. |
C.He severely punished a student who didn’t behave himself. |
D.He was a man conscious of the consequences of his behavior. |
A.Mr. Sherman’s face was covered with blood. |
B.Mr. Sherman was seeking strength in prayer. |
C.Mr. Sherman was then on the point of exploding. |
D.Mr. Sherman was ashamed of his mother’s rude behavior. |
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【推荐1】Sidewalks in Chicago were packed during the rush hour. I marched along as quickly as I could. If I didn’t get to the station fast I would miss the early train out of the city. That meant even less time to spend at home with my baby.
On my left was Saint Peter’s Church. I’d passed it on the way to the station many times, but today I stopped. Other commuters (使用月票乘车者) rushed around me. I knew I should follow them since my train wouldn’t wait. But I had the strangest compulsion to go into the church instead. I hesitated for a moment, but the feeling was strong. I went inside.
I sat down in a comer. It seemed like ages since I’d sat down to think. Mary Ellen had been born in October, on the very date of her due date, in fact, October 16. A month before my husband, Rick, had lost his job. I often worked as a designer, but I’d planned on taking time off after the baby was born. With Rick out of work, I didn’t have the choice. One of us had to find a job fast. I was lucky to find the job I had now. Unfortunately, it wasn’t one I could work on at home. Every day I had to take the train into Chicago, a two-hour commute in both directions. I left the house so early and came home so late, so I felt like I barely got to see my baby.
I was grateful that Rick was at home caring for her, but it was not her mother. Every minute away from her I felt like I was abandoning her.
Looking around at the windows, I remembered when Rick and I bad first decided to try for a baby. My friend Renee was almost as excited as I was when I told her about it.
“I’ve got something for you,” she said one afternoon when I her for lunch. She pulled a medal out of her purse.
“Fix this to your clothes every day,” she said. “You’ll have a baby in no time.”
Not long after I learned I was pregnant, I was thrilled at first. But little by little I started to worry: Was my baby okay? What if something happened? The doctor assured me things were going smoothly. My family gave me support. Rick tried to encourage me. I even continued to wear my medal. But no matter what anyone said, I couldn’t shake off my worries.
Now that Mary Ellen was born I had new worries about motherhood. Is this how life was going to be from now on, with every stage of my child’s life bringing new fears and anxieties?
I thought of Renee and her gift of the medal, feeling hopeful. On my way to the door I stopped at the gift counter. I’d missed the early train, so there was time to look around. I went over to a box full of angel cards, thinking of Renee. So many things could happen in the future as Mary Ellen grew up, went to school and went out on her own. So many things to worry about. It would take an army of angels to cover them all.
I saw a familiar face in the box. It almost felt like I was looking at a friend, someone who cared about my baby as much as her father and I did: On the back of the card was a date. “October sixteenth?” I said, not believing my eyes.
“That’s the angel’s birthday,” the woman at the counter told me. I nearly burst out laughing right there. Mary Ellen’s birthday! Maybe I couldn’t be with Mary Ellen every minute. But never again would I worry that she was out of the angers protection, or doubt that she had a special friend.
1. The writer hurried to the station because .A.there were so many commuters around |
B.there was only one train to send her home |
C.she was eager to see her baby |
D.she tried to get a seat |
A.the pressure from work |
B.the guilt about motherhood |
C.the lack of patience with the train |
D.the worry about Rick’s unemployment |
A.her husband found a nice job to support the family |
B.she quit her job and decided to care for the baby |
C.her friend Renee sent her a beautiful medal |
D.she was very excited at first but then worried |
A.Blessed to be born at the right time |
B.Endless fears and anxieties |
C.A beautiful medal |
D.My miserable life |
【推荐2】It’s nice to feel like a hero or to be the centre of attention every once in a while. Walking barefoot down the worm road, cheered on by the villagers of Bradstone, one would have thought that I should feel full of pride and joy. Those feelings might have been nice, except for this one tiny fact: I had no idea where I was heading, even when I heard my name being shouted out upon entering the village.
Earlier, after painfully recovering consciousness beside the road, the only important things I could remember were my name, Jonathan Grey, and a horribly uncomfortable feeling that I had forgotten something which could result in life or death. So I had followed the road. Shortly I noticed that I had somehow also lost track of my shoes.
I had ended up in Bradstone. Many villagers hurried over and screamed my name. One older woman particularly threw her arms around my waist. “ You made it! I knew you were special,” she cried, “My baby is finally home! ” At a loss for words, with no idea what to do, the best I could offer the crying woman was to put my arms around her, too. When she settled down, she pulled back to look at me properly. “How are you? Really? Oh, you will have to report to Mr. Fredrick first… ”
I was not sure how to answer the woman’s — my mother’s? — questions, so I decided to be honest. “I’m sorry, but I’m not sure who Mr. Freddrick is, or what I must report to him. ”
My mother took a deep breath, then took my hand to lead me into the house. “ Your father will be home soon, so get settled in. I’ll be outside if you need me. ” Taking one last look around, my mother let out a sigh. For the time being, home this would have to be. Breathing deeply, I gathered my courage and mentally prepared myself for what was now my new life.
1. What can we know about Jonathan?A.He enjoyed the welcome he received. | B.The villagers were very sorry for him. |
C.He had never been the centre of attention. | D.The villagers knew who he was. |
A.He felt relieved. | B.He was in pain. |
C.He forgot his name. | D.He regained his memories. |
A.He would not let her go. | B.He recognized his mother. |
C.He didn’t know how to reply. | D.He was glad to have found her. |
A.He tried to make his mother pleased. |
B.He was worried about meeting his father. |
C.He was uncertain if he had the courage for a new life. |
D.He decided to temporarily accept the present situation. |
When I went off to college in the fall of 1991, I was an 18-year-old man whose favorite letters were the ones on the sports sweater. Four years later, I was crazy about the letters of the poet Keats, but one author’s penned letters stood out above the rest. You see, my father wrote me one letter per week from the time I left home.
In an age before email, these letters seemed too ordinary. But they arrived. Each week. One after another. Again and again. In snowstorms. On holidays. From foreign countries. They detailed what Dad referred to as “the week that was”—a day-by-day description of my father’s life.
In 1995, I graduated from college, like many 22-year olds, with plenty of uncertainty. Some of my questions were pretty typical: What was I going to do? Where was I going to live? When was I going to apply for graduate school? But one question was more vital than any other thing. What would happen to the weekly letters? Would they continue? To my surprise, the letters kept coming, more heartfelt and emotional than before and always on time. I mean the guy never missed.
As much as I enjoyed my father’s weekly letters, I didn’t fully appreciate them all those years when they arrived like clockwork. And I never fully understood why my dad would always ask if I’d received the letter when we spoke.
But now, as I pen my first official letters to my own sons Jackson and Cassius, it all seems clear. Although our boys have yet to leave for college, I have to accept that day will soon come. Just the idea of their leaving from our home makes me ache with sadness only a parent can know.
I am writing about “the week that was” with my daily details. With a box of over 500 of Dad’s letters nearby and his pen in hand, I write a letter, fighting back the tears I make it to the end and sign it just as he did. All my love, Dad.
1. What did the author’s father keep doing for years?2. What does the sentence “the guy never missed” tell us about the author’s father?
3. When did the author come to realize the importance of his father’s letters?
4. Why would the author’s dad always ask if the author had received his letters?
Singapore is a small, flat, marshy island that has been developed to become the most important port and business center in Southeast Asia and one of the ten wealthiest countries in the world in terms of gross national product per capita.
Singapore has a population of 3.5 million people and a high density of more than 500 people per square kilometer. The superior infrastructure—especially the excellent port and international airport—has made Singapore the import and transshipment center for the region.
Singapore has diversified its service sector to include a wider range of financial, communications, and management activities and has attracted the regional headquarters of many multinational corporations.
Singapore has a population of diverse ethnicity and religion, but it is dominated (77 percent) by overseas Chinese, descendants of immigrants who moved to Singapore in the colonial period and followed the religions of Buddhism and Taoism. Other groups include Malays (about 15 percent) and Indians (about 7 percent, mainly Hindu).
The government has made serious attempts to foster harmony between ethnic groups and to create a sense of national identity by designating four official languages (Mandarin Chinese, English, Malay, and Indian Tamil).
A.And tourism has also become a significant industry. |
B.Singapore is more a city of tourism than one characterized by heavy industry. |
C.It is one of the world’s largest oil refining centers, where crude oil is unloaded and refined before shipment to the rest of Asia. |
D.They promote an Asian identity through schools and national military service that emphasize hard work, community consensus, and respect for authority. |
E.The city is now characterized by dozens of tall office buildings, housing complexes, new towns and new industrial parks. |
F.Fertility rates are low in Singapore, and the government has tried to promote more births. |
【推荐2】Do you ever notice how stress and mental frustration can affect your physical abilities? When you are worried about something at work, do you find yourself more tired at the end of the day? This phenomenon is a result of the activation of a specific area of the brain when we attempt to participate in both physical tasks and mental tasks simultaneously.
Ranjana Mehta, Ph.D., assistant professor at the Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health, carried out a study examining the relationship between physical and mental tiredness and brain behavior. The study showed that if we attempt mental tasks while doing physical tasks, we activate specific areas, called the prefrontal cortex (PFC) (前额皮质), in our brain.
This can cause our bodies to become tired much sooner than if we were only participating in a physical task. The brain is just like any other biological tissue (组织), because it can be overused and can suffer from tiredness.
“Existing examinations of physical and mental tiredness have been used to study muscular and biomechanical (生物力学的) changes,” said Mehta. “The purpose of this study was to examine the influence on the PFC while we compare the changes in brain behavior with traditional measures of tiredness.”
According to Mehta, study findings show that there were lower blood oxygen levels in the PFC following combined physical and mental tiredness compared to that of just physical tiredness conditions. Through simultaneous examination of the brain and muscle function it is obvious that when we participant in highly cognitive tasks, brain resources are divided which may speed up the development of physical tiredness.
It is critical that researchers consider the brain as well as the body when examining tiredness development and its influence on the body. This can provide us with a total understanding of what is happening to the body when we perform our daily activities. “Not a lot of people see the value in looking at both the brain and the body together,” said Mehta. “However, no one does purely physical or mental work; they always do both.”
1. What does the passage mainly tell us?A.Influence of stress and mental frustration on tiredness development. |
B.Influence of stress and mental frustration on mental abilities. |
C.Influence of mental work on tiredness development. |
D.Influence of physical work on mental abilities. |
A.At the same time. | B.One by one. | C.Step by step. | D.Over and over again. |
A.tiredness in the body | B.brain behavior |
C.mental tiredness | D.mental diseases |
A.is used to complete a specific task |
B.suffers from tiredness caused by overuse |
C.becomes tired much sooner |
D.is examined from a physical view |
A.how the combination of physical and mental tasks affects the PFC |
B.the differences between brain behavior and traditional measures |
C.why changes in brain behavior influence the PFC |
D.muscular and biomechanical changes |
【推荐3】There’s a good reason people say laughter is the best medicine. In a recent study from Rehabilitation Nursing Journal, researchers looked at changes in loneliness for older adults in nursing homes after receiving laughter therapy (疗法). Each of the 31 participants received laughter therapy twice a week for six weeks, while the same number of controls only received usual care. At the end of the six weeks, those who participated in laughter therapy reported less loneliness than the control group.
Laughter therapy is a low-key option that you can practice in many ways. Jenna Pascual, a laughter yoga teacher, hosts group and one-on-one classes with seniors. She starts by guiding people through warmups to get comfortable with stimulating laughter. These may involve deep breathing exercises, clapping and light stretches paired with laughter, and call-and-response laughter. She then transitions (转变) to laughter around a theme, such as a Hawaiian beach party or Star Wars, pairing laughter with small movements.
Many forms of laughter therapy are available to all. “Laughter therapy is great for people with disabilities,” says Katie Ziskind, a marriage and family therapist. Pascual also works with people in wheelchairs or hospital beds.
Rehabilitation Nursing’s study is one in a long line of research confirming laughter’s ability to improve well-being in older adults. In a 2015 study from the International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, people aged 60 or older at a retirement center attended two 90-minute laughter therapy classes a week for six weeks. At the end of the experiment, participants had improved general health. In a 2016 study from Nursing Open, older adults at an elderly daycare center had laughter therapy once a week for four weeks. The participants experienced reduced depression, along with increased sociability.
While you can try laughter therapy alone, there are advantages to doing it with others. “I want to stress the power of simply hearing laughter and watching others enjoying themselves laughing,” says Pascual. “I’ve worked with seniors who were not in the mood to laugh, but after hearing and watching others laugh in my classes, they ended up laughing with us.”
1. How did the researchers do the recent study?A.By offering participants different types of laughter therapy |
B.By controlling the time of laughter therapy for the same participants. |
C.By studying the effects of laughter therapy on disabled people. |
D.By comparing participants having laughter therapy with those not having. |
A.Why laughter is the best medicine. | B.How seniors react to laughter therapy. |
C.What Pascual does to help disabled people. | D.How Pascual teaches her laughter yoga classes. |
A.To compare them with the recent study. | B.To show the benefits of laughter therapy. |
C.To state the popularity of laughter therapy. | D.To talk about old people’s health problems. |
A.Making a person laugh is hard. | B.Laughter helps reduce loneliness. |
C.People may laugh at different things. | D.Laughter can spread among people. |