A food service app is allowing customers to buy restaurant food at a low price before it goes into the waste bin.
Too Good To Go provides buyers with a bag of nearly wasted, but perfectly good food for takeaways as a way to cut food waste and help support the restaurant industry.
It is also easier for the restaurants since it's nearly impossible to guess and predict what will be available at the end of any night. Decomposing（分解）food in landfills is a major source of methane（甲烷）, which can cause climate—related damage before completely decomposing after a decade. “We think we can save more than 2 million meals from the trash in the U.S. in 2021.
| A．We are also making a lot of money. |
| B．Each day the app helps save incredible food waste. |
| C．We are also avoiding thousands of tons of emissions（排放物）. |
| D．It's impossible to know how much food will be wasted. |
| E．These meals can be thrown into the garbage in a few hours. |
| F．It's impossible to know how much food will end up in landfills. |
| G．Unlike other apps, it offers only bags of whatever food the restaurants have. |
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【推荐1】In one of the green highland villages of Haraaz area, about 100 km west of the Yemeni capital Sanaa farmers have begun 10 harvest the coffee crop, despite the tough challenges they face due to the war.
“We have mainly relied on the rainy season to irrigate coffee plants since the war broke out more than four years ago, which cut electricity and caused a severe fuel shortage.” said farmer Mohsen Al-Hamassi at his coffee farm in al-Hutib village east of Haraz.
“Fuel prices on the black market have doubled, making it difficult for many farmers to run their own irrigation water pumps, and the solar energy to run the water pumps is very expensive.” he said, adding that only some can afford to buy a solar energy system.
After collecting the red coffee beans from the trees and packing them in plastic bags, the farmers carry them on their backs and put them in pickup trucks, which then transport the crop to nearby locations. The crop is then unloaded into large open containers intended for drying the crop in the sun. After drying the crop for several days, the farmers then pack the crop in bags and sell them to local traders who transport the beans to coffee plants and sell the coffee powder to local retailers and exporters.
The Yemeni coffee is highly sought after in the international markets due to its well-known high quality and delicious taste, but the continuous conflict and full blockade (封锁) have prevented farmers from increasing the production and exporting their crop abroad. However, despite these challenges, the farmers have been trying to keep up the pace of coffee agriculture and production.
Yasmin, a student at Sama University, said the coffee is an Arab symbol of hospitality (好客) during the reception of guests and a symbol of love during family activities. She compared the feeling of drinking coffee to the pleasure of reading a book, drawing classical art or listening to music. “Yemeni coffee is good to the last drop,” Yasmin added.
1. What can we learn from the passage?| A．Coffee prices in Yemen have gone up due to the war. |
| B．Yemeni coffee is very popular in the international markets. |
| C．Yemeni farmer entirely rely on the cultivation of coffee plants to earn a living. |
| D．Solar energy reduce the cost of coffee planting in Yemen. |
| A．By providing examples. | B．By making comparisons. |
| C．By following the sequence of events. | D．By following the order of importance. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Positive. | C．Negative. | D．Ambiguous. |
| A．Yemeni coffee is of high quality. | B．Yemenis are very friendly to strangers. |
| C．Coffee is considered a symbol of Yemen. | D．Coffee is quite popular at Sana University. |
【推荐2】In Japan, some workers who regularly drink beer at the end of the day are giving their livers a rest by turning to beer that is free, or nearly free of alcohol.The liver is the organ that works to remove alcohol from the body. Masuda, one of beer lovers, said he is paying more attention to his health now that he is older.
Asahi is a large beverage company in Japan, which made 20 percent more money from low-alcohol beer in 2020 compared to the year before. Kirin is another company that makes things to drink. It saw sales grow by 10 percent last year and expects another increase this year.
The increase in sales of non-alcoholic beer might be the result of many Japanese people spending more time at home. In the past, they would order beers together while going out. More people are trying to stay healthy as well. Also, fewer people are drinking beer, as wine and other alcoholic drinks become more popular. But the new interest in low-alcohol beer has helped the beverage industry in Japan.
In recent years, many companies started making non-alcoholic beers. They caught on in places like Australia and Germany but not in Japan – until this year.
The chief of Suntory, another large beverage company in Japan, said people only responded to non-alcoholic beer advertising when the product started to taste better. Many people agree that today's non-alcoholic beers taste better than they used to. Asahi's "Beery" has very little alcohol. But it is supposed to have more taste than earlier versions of low-alcohol beer because of a new way of removing the alcohol. The company plans to offer more low-alcohol beers in coming years.
Kazuo Matsuyama is marketing chief for Asahi, who said most beer companies used to advertise to people who had a drink every day. That was about 20 million people. But there are about 80 million people in Japan between the ages of 20 and 60." But now we need to look at others." Matsuyama said.
1. Why do some Japanese workers turn to beers free of alcohol nowadays?| A．To appreciate a tasty flavor. | B．To ensure a healthier lifestyle. |
| C．To get rid of liver cancer. | D．To relieve stress in their life. |
| A．Beverage company traditions. |
| B．Financial reports. |
| C．Published statistics. |
| D．Public opinions. |
| A．Enthusiastic. | B．Indifferent. | C．Critical. | D．Objective. |
| A．New lifestyles in Japan. |
| B．The development of Asahi. |
| C．Introductions of different beers. |
| D．Popularity of alcohol free beers. |
【推荐3】Follow the tips when buying food and you will start eating better at less cost.
Try your local farmer’s market. I always check out my local farmer’s market for produce, especially for fruits and vegetables that are in season.
Join a food co-op (食品合作社). Joining a food co-op can really help you to save money on meat. Buy in large quantities in a food co-op and if you have an extra freezer, freeze the meat and eat it for the next month or two. Check out what kind of co-ops are available in your area and join one.
Rethink your meals. Finally, try coming up with meals that use fresh ingredients but can be prepared in large quantities. That way you can easily reheat and eat again. Also, try cutting out frozen ready-made meals and TV dinners like pizzas and other frozen organic foods.
| A．It is a practical means of buying food with less money. |
| B．Grow your own vegetables in your backyard home garden. |
| C．Choose to buy food that is most important to you. |
| D．These can cost nearly double the price of regular frozen foods. |
| E．You’ll spend about double on food unless you shop during the right sales. |
| F．It’s also a fun side project or hobby especially when spring time rolls around. |
| G．This is a great option because you’ll get extremely fresh product at great prices. |
【推荐1】Salmon are cold-water fish, so they can get quite stressed when swimming up increasingly warm rivers to spawn (产卵). A new study shows that by installing ”cooling stations” in those rivers, we could help the threatened fish make the trip.
While global warming is causing river temperatures to rise, spawning salmon still get some “breath” at what are known as shelters. These are places where cool water from underground springs flows into the main river, bringing the water temperature down.
However, due to the effects of climate change, natural shelters are becoming less common and making less of a difference. With that problem in mind, hydrology PhD candidate Kathryn Smith and her colleagues from Canada’s Dalhousie University set about creating human-made shelters. Two such shelters-an active one and a passive one were tested in rivers in the province of Nova Scotia this summer.
The active shelter used a pump (泵) to deliver cool groundwater from an urban well into a warm stretch of river, creating a cooling water flow which extended at least 60 meters downstream. In the passive shelter, a covered trench (沟渠) was used to direct water from a meander (曲流) back into the main river. During the time the redirected water was blocked from the sunlight, its temperature dropped accordingly.
Even when these shelters cooled the water by only a few degrees, spawning salmon could easily gather in these areas. What’s more, greater numbers of the fish gathered at the stations during a heat wave.
Smith is now planning on scaling up the technology for more extensive testing. She is presenting her research this week at the Geological Society of America’s GSA Connects 2023 meeting in Pittsburgh.
1. What problem are salmon faced with?| A．Rubbish in the river is increasing. | B．Fishermen catch them without limit. |
| C．Rivers are getting warmer and warmer. | D．The temperature of rivers remains unchanged. |
| A．How salmon behave in shelters. | B．How the two shelters work. |
| C．The terrible effect of climate change. | D．The high price of building the shelters. |
| A．The shelters made a big difference. | B．Salmon preferred to travel in groups. |
| C．Salmon liked to spawn in clean water. | D．The shelters heated the water quickly. |
| A．Entertainment. | B．Health. | C．Sports. | D．Environment. |
【推荐2】Snow in the Wasatch Mountains above Salt Lake City had more dust deposited (沉积) on it in2022 than in any year since observations began in 2009. The dust deposits caused snow to disappear 17 days earlier than before.
“Earlier, faster snow melt may change the water supply for the 1.2 million people living there, as well as ecosystems downstream,” says McKenzie Skiles, a snow hydrologist at the University of Utah. “It also affects the region’s ski areas, which contribute more than $1.5 billion per year to the local economy.”
In dry parts of the western America, snow acts as a natural reservoir (蓄水池). More than half the water in Salt Lake City comes from four streams that drain snow out of the Wasatch Mountains. But current forecasting tools don’t account for the impact of dust, which absorbs sunlight, speeding up snow melt. That means people can’t accurately predict when snow runoffs (径流) will happen so they can use water efficiently.
As a skier, Skiles noticed the mountains near Salt Lake City looked especially dirty in 2022. So she and her colleagues investigated whether the increase in dust was related to constant years of record-low water.
They collected snow samples there and found that storms deposited substantial amounts of dust 16 times during the 2022 snow melt season. After calculating where the dust came from during each storm based on wind direction and atmospheric conditions, they found that Great Salt Lake contributed nearly a quarter of the total dust to the study site. It also released the most dust relative to the lake’s exposed surface area. “This was surprising,” Skiles says, “because the Great Salt Lake’s dry lakebed is tiny compared with the exposed surfaces of neighboring dust sources.”
“Utah will be drier because earlier snow melt causes the landscape to dry out faster,”Skiles explains. As Great Salt Lake gets smaller and deposits more dust on the mountains, there’s less water available to refill the lake during the summer, which in turn exposes a larger dust source.
1. What is the direct result of earlier and faster snow melt?| A．The water for living may be polluted. | B．Spring will come earlier than before. |
| C．Ski areas will turn to other sports events. | D．Domestic water supply will be influenced. |
| A．They are inapplicable to Salt Lake City. | B．They don’t take the dust into account. |
| C．They can’t predict the time of snowfall. | D．They are imprecise due to regional difference. |
| A．It’s too much for such a small area. | B．It’s only found in the dry lakebeds. |
| C．It has made Salt Lake City warmer. | D．It is often affected by wind direction. |
| A．Utah Is in Urgent Need of Fresh Water |
| B．Smaller Great Salt Lake Leads to Less Dust |
| C．More Dust Is Speeding Utah’s Snow Melt |
| D．Utah Becomes Drier with Summer Coming |
【推荐3】Scientists in Mexico say they may have found a way to cut the production of methane, a gas linked to rising temperatures on the Earth’s surface. The scientists say their method may help reduce the methane released by cows, one of the main producers of the gas.
When talking about global warming, many people think of carbon dioxide, another heat-trapping gas. Methane is an even more powerful heat-trapping gas. Cows are known to produce high levels of methane when they eat and process food.
Researchers at the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico are studying how a cow’s diet affects the production of methane. The researchers are using a specially designed machine to measure the effect. The scientists use the machine to try to capture the animal’s breathing to examine the methane released.
Most of the gas is released when cows belch. The digestive bacteria in a cow’s stomach causes the animal to send out the gas through its mouth. There are an estimated 1.3 to 1.5 billion cows in the world. Each animal releases as much as 120 kilograms of methane per year. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that, whenever measured in pounds, the effect of methane on climate change is more than 25 times greater than carbon dioxide over a 100-year period.
As it is difficult to capture the gas released by cows for use as energy, one way to lessen its release is to change their diet. Scientists in some countries are looking for ways to decrease cow methane. But while they are trying different plants and chemical compounds, those products would be too costly and difficult to bring to Mexico.
1. How harmful is the gas sent off by cows?| A．It is more difficult to control its amount. |
| B．It takes up most of human-caused methane. |
| C．It is the key factor to prevent globe warming. |
| D．It is more harmful than carbon dioxide. |
| A．When they digest food in their stomachs. |
| B．When their gas meets with air. |
| C．When their gas is being sent out. |
| D．When they breathe in air through mouths. |
| A．Limit the number of cows. |
| B．Change what they eat. |
| C．Fix machines on their mouths. |
| D．Use their gases as energy. |
| A．We Had a Better Method of Raising Cows |
| B．Cows Are Much More Harmful than Cars |
| C．Researchers Found a Way to Reduce Methane from cows |
| D．Two Gases Are Causing the Warming of the Planet |
