【推荐2】Emojis are very popular among mobile phone and social media users. While there are emojis of almost every kind imaginable, from dinosaurs to joyful tears and eggplants, there is no emoji for forgiveness. Seeing the need to show understanding, a Finnish group decided it was time for a "forgiveness" emoji.

Every year, the Unicode Consortium, which sets the standards, adds new emojis to the emoji keyboard on mobile phones and computers. In 2019, the Forgivemoji campaign was launched. Forgivemoji's site made an open call to the public to give their designs for a new forgiveness emoji, with the goal of presenting the symbol to the Unicode Consortium and getting it accepted by people.

Tuomo Pesonen, communications director of the Unicode Consortium, explained why the forgiveness emoji is indispensable in today's world. “In our modern communication culture, emojis are an important way of expressing human feelings beyond words.” The campaign gained popularity, reaching over two million people around the world. They received many designs, including a bandaged heart, two holding hands, and people from different cultures hugging.

After hundreds of people offered their ideas for this emoji, the winner was announced in February 2020. Former Finnish president Tarja Halonen was selected to choose the winner as she has been important in building bridges between people. The emoji that will be presented to the Unicode Consortium is an image of two hands giving a thumbs-up symbol in front of a heart. If the Unicode Consortium accepts the design, it will become available to the public in late 2021.

The Forgivemoji campaign goes far beyond having a strong influence on social media. The message of showing forgiveness and understanding is helpful for the world at large.

1. What's the idea behind the Fogivemoji campaign?

A．people develop pleasant habits.

B．To get people more friendly to each other.

C．To pick a forgiveness emoji for the public to use.

D．To make mobile phones and computers more convenient to use.

2. What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Necessary.

B．Different.

C．Changeable.

D．Interesting.

3. Why was Tarja Halonen selected to choose the winner for the campaign?

A．She launched the campaign herself.	B．She designed the most popular emoji.
C．She was familiar with the emoji history.	D．She played an important role in relating people.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Forgiveness is important for people	B．Emoji for forgiveness is on the way
C．Emojis are becoming interestingly popular	D．Finnish people explore the stories of emojis

【推荐3】Climate change is making people sick, according to a pair of influential reports on the connections between global warming and health.

Dr. Renee Sala, an emergency room physician at Massachusetts General Hospital, says governments who want to support public health must stop financially supporting the fossil fuel industry. “Climate change and air pollution have the same root cause—the burning of fossil fuels,” she says.

Longer, more intense heat waves are a particularly deadly effect of global warming around the world, and older people are most at risk. Over the past 20 years, the number of people over 65 who have died as a result of extreme heat has increased more than 50%, the Lancet report says. At least 296,000 people died because of heat in 2018, the most recent year for which global data are available.

According to the same survey, more countries are providing climate and weather information to doctors and hospitals. Helping hospitals and doctors prepare for climate-driven disasters is increasingly important. Sala says the 2020 pandemic (疫情) made clear how ill-equipped the public health equipment is to handle major disasters. She says the failures of the health system this year in the US should be a wake-up call to spend more money protecting health, especially in communities where poor people have been exposed to pollution and denied adequate health care.

Dr. Georges Benjamin, director of the American Public Health Association, says the global economic recovery from the pandemic is an opportunity to adapt to climate change. For example, urban areas without green space are increasingly dangerous heat islands that trap hot air and pollution. Planting trees, reducing highway and industrial pollution and investing in new housing are all ways to address (应对) climate change, he argues. “It’s preventable,” Benjamin says. “We don’t have to live this way.”

1. How does the author develop the third paragraph?

A．By giving examples.	B．By listing figures.
C．By making comparisons.	D．By proving causes and effects.

2. Why is climate and weather information provided to doctors and hospitals?

A．It improves health care for doctors.

B．It helps them to prevent climate change.

C．It is a wake-up call to improve the health system.

D．It can prepare them for the climate-related disasters.

3. What can we mainly know from the last paragraph?

A．People’s health is connected with climate change.

B．Economic developments threaten the environment.

C．Action should be taken to deal with climate change.

D．The 2020 pandemic offers a chance to adapt to climate change.

4. Which part of a newspaper is this text probably taken from?

A．Society.

B．Technology.

C．Health.

D．Economy.

【推荐1】Work in pairs. Read the passage and answer the questions.

The dramatic scientific developments of recent years have brought space exploration back to public attention. As getting into space is, however, still not an easy task, more and more space camps and other places are providing simulated space adventures. The Space Camp, founded in 1982 under NASA, is an educational camp, where children can learn about space travel and astronomy, and even have the chance to have lunch with an astronaut! So far, the camp has inspired hundreds of thousands of young people from the US and from elsewhere around the world. What’s more, some of its ex-students have even grown up to become astronauts!
1. What is the passage mainly about?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Would you like to take part in a space camp? Why or why not?
______________________________________________________________________________

【推荐3】Moon dust is the absolute worst. Not only does electrostatics (静电) cause it to stick to virtually everything, but it also has the consistency and feel of finely ground fiberglass. It was a genuine problem for the six Apollo crews who visited the moon’s surface — moon dust covered their suits, worked their way into engines and electronics, and even ruined a few of their extremely expensive spacesuits.

These are all serious issues to consider ahead of NASA’S planned return to the moon’s surface in 2025, but a team of college undergraduates at Washington State University just developed a solution to moon dust — spraying liquid nitrogen (氮) onto moon dust. The team developed a new spray that takes advantage of the Leidenfrost effect. Named after its discoverer, an 18^th-century German doctor Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost, it occurs when a liquid comes into close contact with a significantly hotter surface, causing it to quickly form a protective layer of vapor (蒸汽) that briefly keeps it from evaporating, such as when water forms into drops and runs across a very hot frying nan. The same principle works similarly in space. In this case, a liquid nitrogen spray (typically around -320℉) comes into contact with a surface’s relatively warmer lunar dust coating, causing the particles to turn into things like drops and float away on the nitrogen vapors.

To test their spray, the research team first dressed a Barbie doll wrapped with a material used to make spacesuits. They then sprayed it with liquid nitrogen in a normal atmospheric condition as well as the circumstances similar to outer space. Not only did the liquid nitrogen spray perform better in the latter circumstances, but also it only resulted in minimal damage to the spacesuit material. In past lunar missions, astronauts’ specialized brushes for the moon dust task often caused damage to spacesuits after a single use. In comparison, the liquid nitrogen spray took 75 uses before similar issues occurred.

Going forward, the team hopes to further research the complexity that makes the cleaning process so effective, as well as secure funding to construct testing rooms more closely resembling the lunar surface’s gravity. With any luck, maybe a can of their Moon-Dust-Gone will be aboard a future Artemis mission, ready to help astronauts avoid one of the lunar surface’s annoying things.

1. Why does the author mention “Apollo” in the first paragraph?

A．To prove moon dust is a real headache.

B．To compare past and present moon programs.

C．To show the achievements in moon exploration.

D．To offer readers insights into the Apollo program.

2. What does the underlined word “particles” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Liquid waste.

B．Moon dust.

C．Nitrogen spray.

D．Protective coating.

3. What did the research team find about their spray in Paragraph 3?

A．It belonged to single-use items for astronauts.

B．It performed better in normal atmospheric conditions.

C．It increased the strength of the material of spacesuits.

D．It protected spacesuits better compared with the brush.

4. What may the follow-up research of the spray focus on?

A．Test subjects.	B．Complex lunar surface.
C．Other applications.	D．Reasons for efficient cleaning.