Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each w-组卷网

题型：选词填空-短文选词填空难度：0.65 引用次数：111 题号：14685213

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. associated B. Additionally C. countless D. existence E. fundamental
F. highlight G. Meanwhile H. signal I. strengthened J. surprise K. uniquely

What Sociology Can Teach UsAbout Thanksgiving

Sociologists （社会学家） believe that the celebrations practiced within any given culture serve to restate that culture’s most important values and beliefs. This theory dates back to founding sociologist Émile Durkheim and has been proved true by 1 researchers over more than a century’s time. According to sociologists, by examining a celebration, we can come to understand some 2 things about the culture in which it is practiced. In this spirit, let’s take a look at what Thanksgiving reveals about us.

It may not be much of a（n） 3 that coming together to share a meal with loved ones indicates how important relationships with friends and family are in our culture, which is far from a（n） 4 American thing. When we gather together to share in this holiday, we effectively say, “Your 5 and our relationship is important to me,” and in doing so, that relationship is restated and 6 . But there are some less obvious and more interesting things going on too.

In most households across the U. S. women and girls do the work of preparing, serving, and cleaning up after the Thanksgiving meal. 7 , most men and boys are likely to be watching and/or playing football. Of course, neither of these activities are exclusively gendered, but they are generally so. This means that Thanksgiving serves to 8 the distinct roles we believe men and women should play in society, and even what it means to be a man or a woman in our society today.

One of the most interesting sociological research findings is that overeating 9 with Thanksgiving illustrates American materialism and abundance. Sociologists found that the celebrations and how we talk about these experiences 10 that Thanksgiving is really about celebrating “material abundance” — having a lot of stuff, especially food, available for use.

21-22高三上·上海金山·期末查看更多[2]

更新时间：2021-12-22 11:02:44 |

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【知识点】外国文化与节日

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文章大意：这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了感恩节的由来以及在美国和加拿大庆祝感恩节的差别。

【推荐1】用所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次，有两个词是多余的。

celebrate, admire, energy, starve, feast, memory, origin,
arrive, agriculture, custom, gather, gain

Thanksgiving Day is a special holiday in the United States and Canada. Families and friends 1 to eat and give thanks for their blessings.

Thanksgiving Day is really a harvest festival. This is why it 2 in late fall, after the crops are harvested.

The first New England Thanksgiving did celebrate a rich 3 harvest. Early in the 16th century, the 4 Pilgrims landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts. But in the first winter of their 5 they had a difficult time. They suffered a lot and many of the Pilgrims even 6 to death. It was in the next year that they 7 a good harvest. So Governor (州长) Bradford declared a three-day 8 . The Pilgrims invited Indian friends to join them for their special feast. Everyone brought food. Such is the 9 of Thanksgiving Day.

In time, other colonies (殖民地) began to celebrate a day of thanksgiving. But it took years before Thanksgiving Day became a national 10 . During the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln announced the last Thursday of November 1863 as a day of thanksgiving. Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November while Canadians, their neighbours, celebrate Thanksgiving Day on the second Monday in October.

2023-08-29更新 | 41次组卷

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文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了万圣节的演变历史，这与异教徒，天主教徒和糖果公司有密切关系。

【推荐2】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. fit B. practice C. promising D. boast E. ingredients F. disturbed
G. evolution H. excuses I. passing J. stuck K. honouring

The Origin of Trick-or-treat

On October 31, hordes of children armed with Jack-o’-lantern-shaped buckets and pillow cases will take to the streets in search of sugar. Trick-or-treating for candy is equivalent to Halloween, but the tradition had to go through a centuries-long 1 to arrive at the place it is today. So how did the holiday become an opportunity for kids to get free sweets? You can blame pagans (异教徒), Catholics, and candy companies.

Historians agree that a Celtic autumn festival called Samhain (萨温节) was the origin of modern Halloween. Samhain was a time to celebrate the last harvest of the year and the approach of the winter season. It was also a festival for 2 the dead. One way Celtics may have appeased the spirits they believed still walked the Earth was by leaving treats on their doorsteps. When Catholics invaded Ireland in the 1st century CE, they rebranded many pagan holidays to 3 their religion. November 1^st became the “feasts of All Saints and All Souls,” and the day before it was dubbed “All-Hallows’-Eve.” The new holidays looked a lot different from the original Celtic festival, but many traditions 4 around, including the practice of offering food to the dead. The food of choice for Christians became “soul cakes,” small pastries usually baked with expensive 5 and spices like currants and saffron.

Instead of leaving them outside for 6 ghosts, soul cakes were distributed to beggars who went door-to-door 7 to pray for souls of the deceased in exchange for something to eat. Sometimes they wore costumes to honour the saints—something pagans originally did to avoid being 8 by evil spirits. The ritual, known as “souling”, is believed to have planted the seeds for modern-day trick-or-treating.

It wasn’t until the 1950s that trick-or-treat gained popularity in the US. Following the Great Depression and World War II, the suburbs were booming, and people were looking for 9 to have fun and get to know their neighbours. The old 10 of souling made a comeback and gave kids a chance to dress up in costumes and roam their neighbourhoods. Common trick-or-treat offerings included nuts, coins, and homemade baked goods (“treats” that most kids would turn their noses up at today).

2022-11-02更新 | 81次组卷

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【推荐3】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. opportunity B. invented C. marking D. exposed E. celebrated F. typically G. responsibility H. valuing I. represents J. assigned K. particularly

Celebrating Kwanzaa(宽扎节)

This past summer, I left home without my family for the first time to go to Ghana for two weeks in The Year of Return. The Year of Return is a year 1 400 years since enslaved Africans touched down on American soil.

I joined Pittsburgh Public School’s African American Center for advanced Studies Executive committee and was fully 2 to the tradition of Kwanzaa.

Much like a harvest festival, the holiday was 3 by the African-American professor Maulana Karenga with the purpose of celebrating, 4 and unifying the black community in the aftermath(余波) of the1965 Watts riots. It is 5 in the week of Dec 26 to Jan 1.

During the festival, we begin by reading up on the holiday, going through the seven principles 6 to the seven days of Kwanzaa. We then end the ceremony by pouring libation(祭酒) to those who have paved our way. During libation, we stand with our hands joined and our respects given. For the first time, the whole becomes one.

On each day of Kwanzaa, we light one of the seven candles. The candles come in three colors: black, red and green. We start with one black candle for the people. There are three red candles for their struggle and three green candles for their future. Each candle also 7 one of seven Swahili principles: Umoja, the first candle, stands for unity; Kujichagulia, self-determination; Ujima, collective work and 8 ; Ujamaa, cooperative economics; Nia, purpose; Kummba, creativity; and Imani, faith. After lighting each candle, we showcase our talents, whether they are spoken word, poetry, music, dance or performing a monologue.

Over the seven nights of Kwanzaa, people 9 tell stories. On the last night of Kwanzaa, following the candle-lighting, families give gifts to children and prepare a feast, ending the holiday as you begin a new year together.

For two continuous years, I’ve chosen Ujamaa as my principle of the day. It’s the principle of cooperative economics, and to me it means investing in and supporting black-owned businesses. My main reason for choosing Ujamaa is that it is also the name of the store in the Hill District that gave me the 10 to visit Ghana.

2021-01-21更新 | 216次组卷

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