How much free time do you need to be happier?Feeling overwhelmed by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the magic elixir(灵丹妙药) like many of us have dreamed.
Researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being(幸福) -but only up to a point. People who had up to two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. “While too little time is bad, having more time is not always better,” said Marissa Sharif, an assistant professor of marketing at The Wharton School. For example, some adults struggle with the “retirement blues”, which can be due to a lack of stimulation and structure, among other things. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things(like exercising) or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV).
Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day-but only if they used it unproductively. “In other words, how people use their free time matters,” Sharif said. “Of course, what feels ‘productive’ is up to you. Free-time activities like knitting, reading, cooking or gaming are also known to put people in a state of flow. In cases when people do find themselves with excessive(过多的)amounts of spare time, such as retirement or having left a job,” Sharif said, “our results suggest these individuals would benefit from spending their newfound time with purpose.”
1. What is the finding of the new study?A.Adults tend to feel happy in their free time. |
B.Being too busy threatens people’s physical health. |
C.More free time does not definitely mean more happiness. |
D.More and more people have little spare time. |
A.To emphasize the significance of spending free time. |
B.To indicate the reasons for adults’ being upset. |
C.To forecast the retirement life in the future. |
D.To prove the discovery of the new research |
A.The requirements of the experiment |
B.The significance of the experiment. |
C.The consequence of the experiment. |
D.The purpose of the experiment. |
A.Taking good advantage of free time will help bring people happiness. |
B.Attending too many activities may damage people’s health. |
C.Spending spare time with friends often benefits people a lot. |
D.Having little free time may result in anxiety. |
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【推荐1】The world of work is changing. Are people ready for the new job outlook? A survey of 15- year-olds across 41 countries by the OECD(经合组织) has found that teenagers may have unrealistic expectations about the kind of work that will be available.
Four of the five most popular choices are traditional professional roles: doctors, teachers, business managers and lawyers. Teenagers cluster around the most popular jobs, with the top ten being chosen by 47% of boys and 53% of girls.
This selection is partly due to wishful thinking on the part of those surveyed. Furthermore, teenagers can hardly be expected to have an in-depth knowledge of labour-market trends. They encounter doctors and teachers in their daily lives. Other popular professions, such as lawyers and police officers, are familiar from films and social media.
Some parts of the OECD survey are disturbing. More boys than girls expect to work in science or engineering. The problem continues in higher education; with the exception of biological and biomedical sciences, degrees in STEM Subjects (science, technology, engineering and maths ) are male-dominated. In America women earn just 35. 5% of undergraduate STEM degrees and 33. 7% of PhDs. Things are even worse in technology. In Britain only one in five computer-science university students is a woman. Women are underrepresented in some important fields of technology; they have only 12% of jobs in cloud computing, for example.
Women play a much bigger role in the health- and social-care sectors. The problem is that some of these jobs are not very well paid. Home-health and personal-care aides had median annual salaries in 2018 of just over 24,000. Some jobs in health care are extremely profitable, of course. But another gender imbalance emerges here: women make up only one-third of American health-care executives. In contrast, they tend to dominate the poorly paid social care workforce.
The biggest problem in the labour market, then, may not be that teenagers are focusing on a few well-known jobs. It could be a mismatch: not enough talented women move into technology and not enough men take jobs in social care. Any economist will recognise this as an inefficient use of resources. Wherever the root of the problem lies---be it the education system, government policy or corporate recruiting practices---it needs to be identified and fixed.
1. Many teenagers would like to choose some traditional jobs because_______.A.they are ready for these jobs |
B.these jobs are better known to them |
C.these jobs live up to their expectations |
D.they think these jobs are available to them |
A.In engineering |
B.In technology. |
C.In health care. |
D.In business. |
A.The mismatch of resources requires improving. |
B.Not enough men and women take jobs in society. |
C.Teenagers have unrealistic expectations about jobs. |
D.It's the education system that causes the problem in the labour market. |
A.Entertainment. | B.Education. |
C.Science. | D.Career. |
Many facts suggest that children are overweight (超重的) and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime (消遣), it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
1. According to the text, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?
A.Those who often take exercise. |
B.Those who often watch television. |
C.Those who often have meals at home. |
D.Those who often walk to school. |
A.Children can’t choose what to eat. |
B.Children are too busy to go out and play. |
C.Children’s parents often cook meals for them. |
D.There are too many fast food shops around. |
A.Forcing. | B.Guiding. |
C.Driving. | D.Moving. |
A.To tell a story. | B.To provide facts. |
C.To give advice. | D.To compare opinions. |
Will you buy a 10-square-meter hallway in Beijing for 1.5 million yuan ($224,300)?
This seemingly absurd price was actually listed on the website of Homelink, the largest real estate agency in the capital. But why?
The hallway in Beijing's Xicheng District was shabby but it had independent property rights-and the children of the hallway's owner could seek admission to Beijing First Experimental Primary School, one of the best in the city.
The hallway is the latest example of the craze for buying houses near “good” primary schools. Since the average property price near the Beijing First Experimental Primary School has reached about 150,000 yuan per sq meter, the hallway seemed a good bargain.
Although the news created an uproar and the Beijing housing authorities ordered Homelink to stop promoting “constructions that are not designed for living purpose,” those who buy such properties often do not care much about their living conditions.
For parents who don't have connections but also don't want their children to study in “ordinary” primary schools near their homes, buying a house near a good school offers an expensive but easy solution to their problem. Cases of families selling their spacious houses to buy shabby properties near “good” schools are not rare, even though a “good” primary school does not guarantee good academic performance for a child.
Despite this, many Chinese parents don't want their “children to lag behind at the starting line. “For such parents, compromising their living conditions is nothing compared to the prospect of sending their children to a “good” school.
Perhaps the uneven distribution of education resources is to blame for the problem.
Earlier this year, the central education authorities announced a new policy to tackle the problem. Instead of going to the school closest to their community, children can now seek admission to several schools nearby. This gives the impression that parents now have a wider choice. But this has increased the worries for those who have bought houses near their target schools.
Buying a house near a “good” school and managing to get a child enrolled in it are like gambling on a stock exchange.
The gap between the increasing demand for better elementary education and the limited number of “good” schools cannot be bridged in a short time.
A.So people should weigh the pros and cons carefully before doing so. |
B.The school authorities will have to pick and choose candidates if there are more applications. |
C.Still, the government should provide more funds for education and try to distribute education resources as fairly as possible. |
D.No wonder the demand for and prices of houses near such schools have continued to rise. |
E.The so-called good schools, which are limited in number, often get more government funds and resources than the rest. |
F.All this creates a huge risk for people who have paid high prices to buy a house near a “good” school. |
【推荐1】Dwayne Johnson was born Dwayne Douglas Johnson on May 2, 1972, in Hayward, California, United States. His father, Rocky Johnson, was a professional wrestler while his mother, Ata Maivia, was the daughter of a wrestler. His father is of Black Nova Scotian origin, while his mother is of Samoan heritage, which explains his exotic (异国的) looks. Dwayne Johnson, previously employed as a professional wrestler, is an actor known for his appearance in the fantasy adventure film, ‘The Mummy Returns’. A highly successful professional wrestler before making his first attempt into films, Johnson is also famous for his ring name, ‘The Rock’.
Born into a family of wrestlers, it comes as no surprise that he too made a name for himself in the sport. Athletic and fond of sports from a young age, he used to join in many sporting activities as a school student. He played football for his high school and was also a member of the school’s track and field and wrestling teams. He was a promising footballer and received a full scholarship from the University of Miami to play defensive tackle (后卫). He was hopeful of making it big as a professional footballer when an injury put a full-stop to his football ambitions. Though disappointed, he did not let this incident demotivate him and instead decided to become a wrestler. His father, a professional wrestler himself, began training the young man. Eventually Johnson made his WWF debut (首秀) and established himself as a successful wrestler.
Due to his popularity coupled with his attractively strong looks he started receiving offers from Hollywood studios and he began his acting career with the movie, ‘The Mummy Returns’.
1. What made Dwayne Johnson famous?A.His appearance and ring name. |
B.His family background. |
C.His professional performance. |
D.His blood relationship. |
A.He is a famous film actor. |
B.He often joined in many sporting activities. |
C.He was a football member on the school team. |
D.He actually coached Dwayne Johnson. |
A.Inspire. | B.Satisfy. |
C.Anger. | D.Upset. |
A.Johnson’s Film | B.Johnson’s Acting Career |
C.A Born Actor | D.A Wrestler-Turned Actor |
【推荐2】In 1970, American magician Rick Johnsson theorized that when magic tricks seem too perfect, audiences are less impressed and can easily figure out their secrets. Johnsson knew few people believed magicians had supernatural powers because they feel certain there is a rational explanation for magic, and it’s often science.
What’s the science behind popular magic tricks? Let’s take a look. Levitating(悬浮)objects A popular trick is making objects levitate, with smaller objects being especially easy to “fly”. To the viewer, the levitating object may seem to resist gravity, but there’s a simple explanation—quantum (量子)physics. Magicians coat an object in a layer of magnetic paint and place it on top of a superconductor cooled by liquid nitrogen. The opposing forces cause the object to float above the superconductor.
Vanishing liquids
Many magicians can make liquids disappear. The explanation is simple—chemistry. Sodium polyacrylate, also known as “waterlock”, is a chennical compound that can absorb liquids. It’s used in everyday products such as baby diapers. What’s magical about this compound is that it can absorb 100 to 1000 times its mass in liquid.
When a magician pours water into a cup lined with sodium polyacrylate, the water is quickly absorbed.
Burning paper
Another interesting trick is when magicians set paper on fire, it remains undamaged. Magicians can even use money in this trick. However, there’s a scientific explanation-chemistry! The item is dipped in a mixture of alcohol and water before the trick. When it’s lit on fire, the alcohol covering the paper begins to burn. Alcohol burns and changes into gas at a much lower temperature than water, so the water protects the paper from burning.
1. Where is this passage most likely from?A.Science fiction. | B.A textbook. | C.The popular press. | D.A news report. |
A.Waterlock and a superconductor. | B.Magnets and low temperatures. |
C.Paints and some liquid hydrogen. | D.Baby diapers and liquid nitrogen. |
A.The paper will be undamaged. | B.The alcohol will be unchanged. |
C.The paper will change into gas. | D.The alcohol will soon turn into ash. |
【推荐3】Learning to code (编程) has grown over the years from just a hobby to a career. Today, you can learn coding online. Gone are the days when only few could learn a programming language and learning it cost quite a large amount of money. Have a look at the following coding sites to choose one that suits you best.
Treehouse
Treehouse is a well-known name, especially as an online technology school to teach coding for free. Currently, there are over 1,000 high-quality videos which cover many topics such as web design and website development. Treehouse makes it possible for beginners to learn at their own pace and choose different types of coding languages for all levels. If you are interested in coding but you have no idea where to start, Treehouse will walk you through the entire learning process.
Code
Are you looking for a platform to improve your knowledge of computer science? Code might just be the website you have been waiting for. The website has smartly designed the course. Besides, Code can also be especially helpful for those who are willing to earn money by teaching computer science.
CodeHS
CodeHS is one of the best websites that come with fun programming lessons. It offers a lot of courses with fun games like JavaScript, animation, data structures, game design and puzzle challenges. And CodeHS can teach you to think and solve a problem like a programmer (程序员). CodeHS comes with $25 per month.
FreeCodeCamp
Via this online website, you learn to code not only by studying theory but by completing exercises and challenges. What's more, FreeCodeCamp has an active discussion community where you can receive real-time help from professionals, as well as have a chance to exchange ideas with more experienced programmers.
1. We can learn from the text that on Treehouse__________.A.famous professionals will give online lectures |
B.beginners will master coding skills in a month |
C.learners can select lessons suitable for themselves |
D.coding lessons are cheaper for senior programmers |
A.CodeHS. | B.Code. | C.Treehouse. | D.FreeCodeCamp. |
A.Learn coding through interesting games. |
B.Earn money by teaching computer science. |
C.Learn web design by watching various videos. |
D.Learn from some experienced programmers. |