Most parents do not enjoy watching their children act out. Bad behavior by children often results from bad behavior by parents. The first idea that has to go is that poor parenting is what makes children misbehave. The cause of the child’s behavior may lie in the biology of the child. The most important issue is how the parent treats the behavior of the child.
Aggressive (侵略性的) behavior starts early in children’s lives. A study looked at children 6 to 24 months of age. Mothers reported how often their children acted out. They listed kicking, hitting, pulling hair, biting and even hurting animals. The most common actions were hitting or slapping another person. The least common action was hurting animals.
A good many toddlers (学步儿童) began to hit more as they get older. The 24-month-olds were hitting about four to six days a week. Experts can assure parents that these behaviors are normal in small children. The big job is to guide parents. From the start, parents should set limits. They need to respond in ways that may help redirect a child or take his or her attention away. They are better than punishing the child with anger, yelling or beating.
Almost all children will misbehave once in a while. The more aggressive toddlers will need more help. Parents often use their instincts (直觉) to deal with their children. They may respond with anger, threats, and punishment. The better way is to plan to avoid potential battles. If getting ready for school is a problem, come up with ways to make it easier. Ask the child what he or she needs.
You should ignore small bad behavior such as complaining or disrespect. Pick your battles. Do not start with punishments such as ‘no play dates, no TV, no screen time.’ These punishments do not result in better behavior, It is also important to make sure you reward good behavior.
1. What is the key to kids’ bad behavior?| A．Parents’ attitude towards it. |
| B．Parents’ way of thinking. |
| C．Parents’ way of dealing with it. |
| D．Parents’ way of recognition. |
| A．It is natural. | B．It is abnormal. |
| C．It is dangerous. | D．It can be avoided. |
| A．Punish their kids severely. | B．Prevent possible battles. |
| C．Be ignorant of their kids. | D．Respond with threats. |
| A．Teachers. | B．Writers. |
| C．Students. | D．Parents. |
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【推荐1】I was in the garden with Augie, my grandson, watching the bees. “How do they make honey?” Augie asked. “Actually, Augie, I don’t know,” I replied. “But, Grandma, you have your phone,” he said. For Augie, holding a smartphone almost means knowing everything.
During my childhood I was crazy about books. Over time, reading hijacked my brain, as large areas once processing the real world adapted to processing the printed word. As far as I can tell, this early immersion (沉浸) didn’t prevent my development.
Many parents worry that “screen time” will damage children’s development, but recent research suggests that most of the common fears about children and screens are unfounded. There is one exception: looking at screens before bed really disturbs sleep, in people of all ages. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) used to recommend strict restrictions on screen exposure. Last year, the organization examined the relevant science more thoroughly and changed its recommendations. The new guidelines stress that what matters is what children watch and with whom.
New tools have always led to panic guesses. The novel, the telephone, and the television were all declared to be the End of Civilization, particularly in the hands of the young. Part of the reason may be that adult brains require a lot of focus and effort to learn something new, while children’s brains are designed to master new environments naturally. New technologies always seem disturbing to the adults attempting to master them, while attractive to those children like Augie.
When Augie’s father got home, Augie rushed to meet him and said in excitement. “Daddy, Daddy, look,” he said, reaching for my phone. “Do you know how bees make honey? I’ll show you…”
1. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “hijacked” in Paragraph 2?| A．occupied. | B．damaged. | C．improved. | D．relaxed. |
| A．The harm to children. | B．The content and context. |
| C．Children’s sleep. | D．People’s fears. |
| A．Opposed. | B．Doubtful. | C．Disappointed. | D．Favorable. |
| A．Augie’s father might get angry for Augie used a phone. |
| B．Augie asked his father about how bees make honey. |
| C．Augie’s father didn’t know how to answer Augie’s question. |
| D．Augie was excited to know new knowledge through the smart phone. |
【推荐2】My family and I never talked about school as the ticket to a future. I was in the classrooms, but I wasn’t there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide. I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.
I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. I felt so embarrassed. But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation. I was determined that it wouldn’t happen again. Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reeding.
Now I was 41 years old. One day, I planned to fly back to Texas to visit my friends and family. On my way from the airport, I saw Mr. Creech buying himself a drink. I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him. “Do I know you?” he asked. “Yes, sir, you do know me,” I answered excitedly. “My name is Anthony Hamilton. You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy he’d once encouraged.
“I’m so glad I had a chance to see you,” I said. “And Mr. Creech, I have great news to share,” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn’t all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well,” I added.
The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia. But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.
1. Which of the following could best describe Mr. Creech?| A．Considerate and dutiful. | B．Demanding and helpful. |
| C．Emotional and warm-hearted. | D．Friendly and hardworking. |
| A．Because his reading age was not long enough. |
| B．Because his parents didn’t teach him how to read. |
| C．Because he was afraid of reading before the class. |
| D．Because he didn’t have inner driving force to learn to read. |
| A．Mr. Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton. |
| B．The author had become a published author and an active speaker. |
| C．Dyslexia was the underlying reason that made the author unable to read. |
| D．The author was grateful to Mr. Creech. |
| A．发音障碍 | B．学习恐惧症 | C．诵读困难症 | D．教育恐惧症 |
【推荐3】Reading books and looking at pictures are great, but nothing facilitates (促进) learning like travel, especially for teenagers. Not only do they get to see a world beyond their neighborhood, they also get to experience it—feel it, taste it, hear it and better understand the world around them.
After nearly four decades in the classroom and traveling the world, Phyllis Duvall Bailey knew this better than anyone else.
Becoming involved in the work in AKA Sorority Inc in US, she worked to educate children about the United Nations. There was no doubt in Bailey's mind that the lessons would mean so much more if the students could see things for themselves.
Starting in 2015, Bailey, 82, set out to take her students to the UN Headquarters in New York City to give them a “Window Seat to the World”, and thus transformed them into global citizens.
Indeed, it is a great opportunity to give students national and international exposure. Since Bailey saw the students as future leaders, she was desperate to expose them to the UN, its mission, its agendas (议程) and its supporting organizations.
She decided to give $10, 000 of her own money to pay for the late June trip, enough to take 10 students aged 14-17 on a four-night stay in New York.
There, they had guided tours of the UN Headquarters and the New York City Harbor (海港).It was Quenyaun Payne's first trip to the city and Taylor Sappington's second. Payne, 17, is a senior at Mceachem High School in the state of Georgia, US. Sappington, 15, is a junior at Therrell High School in Atlanta, Georgia, US.
Both said their visit to the UN was inspiring.
“I like not only how countries are working together but they're focused on common goals like global warming and keeping peace,” Sappington said.
Payne commented, “The trip was amazing. I'm so thankful Mrs. Bailey made it possible.”
Actually, there are a lot of people grateful for the retired teacher's effort. The United Nations Association of Atlanta recently gave Bailey its Humanitarian Award, and the United Nations Association of the US awarded her with the National Education Award.
But Bailey wasn't looking for recognition or even gratitude. Over those four days in New York, she'd already felt it and seen it in the eyes of those 10 teenagers, Payne and Sappington included, who made the trip. “It has been a real joy to get to see and watch their reaction to new experiences,” she said.
1. The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to________.| A．how to organize a trip | B．the benefits of reading |
| C．how to develop good reading habits | D．the benefits of traveling |
| A．She offered students voluntary opportunities at the UN. |
| B．She taught them some useful life-long learning skills. |
| C．She paid for trips that helped students see the world. |
| D．She paid for them to go to school . |
| A．He is determined to work for the UN in the future. |
| B．He would like to contribute to global affairs. |
| C．He finds the trip to the UN greatly beneficial. |
| D．He wants to visit New York City once again. |
| A．Students today are more willing to get new experiences. |
| B．Winning an award motivated her to hard work. |
| C．Classroom teaching limits students’ development. |
| D．Students’ gains are more important than the recognition of her efforts. |
【推荐1】Grasslands need time to rest when cattle and other animals feed on them. Moving animals from one area of pasture （牧场） to another can provide the time needed for new growth. This is called rotational grazing （循环放牧）.
Rotational grazing is good for the land and the animals, and it can save money. This form of grazing can reduce the need for pesticide （农药） treatments by reducing the growth of weeds. And it can limit the need for chemical fertilizers by letting natural fertilizer, animal droppings, do the job. Rotational grazing can even help prevent wildfires by keeping grasslands in good condition.
Letting animals feed continually and intensively （集中地） in the same grazing areas can require costly replanting. Animals eat the most appropriate growth first. When that keeps happening, the roots do not have enough time to recover. As a result, less desirable plants may replace them.
Intensively used grasslands are also harmed as the soil is continually crushed under the weight of heavy animals. And the animals usually avoid their own waste, so that reduces the amount of good grazing space even more.
While rotational grazing can save money over time, it also requires planning. And that starts with a good map to mark fences, water supplies and grazing areas.
Changing methods of grazing also requires time. Farmers may want to put up electric fences to enclose grazing areas, called paddocks. The paddocks will need water. Some farmers design a path for animals from different paddocks to drink from a common watering place. Farmers can start rotational grazing by removing animals from a pasture when the grass is eaten to less than five centimeters. The pasture is then kept empty until the grass grows to more than fifteen centimeters high.
Sheep and goats may require special preparations. They may need stronger fences than other animals. And while they eat the grass, they may need guard animals like camels to protect them from animals that would like to eat them.
1. If you want to carry out rotational grazing, you must do many things EXCEPT ______.| A．reducing the amount of the animals |
| B．making a plan about the electricity and water supply |
| C．building fences |
| D．making a design in advance |
| A．Sheep and goats are fierce and special animals. |
| B．Sheep and goats aren't suitable for rotational grazing. |
| C．Sheep and goats need more management in rotational grazing. |
| D．Sheep and goats are difficult to raise. |
| A．The heavy animals can damage the grasslands. |
| B．Rotational grazing can provide the grass enough time to grow again. |
| C．The grass over five centimeters in a pasture can be used to feed animals. |
| D．During rotational grazing, more pesticidal chemicals are needed. |
| A．How to Keep Grasslands in Good Condition |
| B．Giving Grasslands a Rest |
| C．The Hidden Meaning of Rotational Grazing |
| D．The Drawbacks of Rotational Grazing |
【推荐2】Scholars and researchers have tried to discover what personality characteristics go along with success in intercultural experiences. Their findings have often been unclear or incomplete. But three characteristics stand out in their reports: patience, a sense of humour, and the awareness of being unclear.
Patience, of course, is the ability to keep calm even when things do not go as one wants them to, or hopes they will, or has been sure they will. Impatience sometimes brings improvements in relations with other people, but usually it does not.
A person with a sense of humour is less likely to take things too seriously and more ready to see the humour in her own reactions. The value of a sense of humour really needs to be paid more attention to.
“The awareness of being unclear” is a more difficult concept than patience or a sense of humour. Foreigners often find themselves in situations that are unclear to the newcomers. That is, they do not know what is happening in the situation. Perhaps they do not understand the local language well enough, or they do not know how some system or organisation works, or they can’t be sure of different people’s roles in what is going on. “It’s like I just got here from the moon,” a Chinese graduate student who newly arrived in the United States said. “Things are just so different here.”
1. The passage mainly tells us _________.| A．that it’s not easy to travel abroad |
| B．that humour is very important in communication |
| C．three characteristics in dealing with foreigners successfully |
| D．three main ways useful for communicating with foreigners |
| A．Patience. |
| B．The awareness of being unclear. |
| C．The sense of humour. |
| D．Understanding each other. |
| A．knowing the meaning of an exact situation |
| B．not stating clearly what happens |
| C．the ability to keep calm |
| D．being aware of the unclear situation |
【推荐3】Two years ago, Beijing became the first city ever to hold both Summer and Winter Olympic Games after winning the 2022 Winter Olympics bid with co-host city Zhangjiakou, bringing snow and ice sports into public spotlight. Now, let’s take a look at some of the most popular events in the Winter Olympic Games.
Figure skating
Figure skating is one of the most popular sports at the Winter Olympics, in which ice skaters, singly or in pairs, perform freestyle movements of jumps, spins, lifts, and footwork in a graceful manner. The figure skating competition is one of the strongest at the Winter Olympics-one slight error, and a competitor’s chance of a medal goes up in smoke. To win the game, the skater has to be perfect.
Curling
Curling is one of the most unique sports at the Winter Olympics-a winter sport played by two teams of four players on a rectangular sheet of ice. The two teams take turns to slide large round flat stones towards a target. Members of each team use brooms to sweep the surface of the ice in the path of the stone to control its speed and direction. And while curling may be a “slow” sport, it’s still full of skill and excitement!
Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a popular winter sport that involves sliding downhill on snow with a snowboard firmly attached to a rider’s feet. The sport is said to have been inspired by surfing, skiing and skateboarding.While snowboarding is one of the newer events-first included at the 1998 Winter Olympics, it has become one of the most popular and exciting sports at the Winter Olympics.
Ice hockey
Ice hockey is a game between two teams who wear skates and compete on an ice rink (溜冰场). Each team usually has six players. The object is to push the puck (冰球) past a goal line and into a net guarded by a goalkeeper. Ice hockey is popular for its speed and frequent physical contact. Worldwide there are more than a million registered Ice hockey players performing regularly in leagues.
1. Which of the winter sports mentioned above involve team work?| A．Figure skating and Curling. |
| B．Snowboarding and Figure skating. |
| C．Curling and Ice hockey. |
| D．Snowboarding and Ice hockey. |
| A．graceful and perfect | B．inspiring and exciting |
| C．skillful and defensive | D．calm and fashionable |
| A．Minor mistakes can be ignored in Figure skating. |
| B．The curling ice path is brushed to help the stone slide. |
| C．Snowboarding originated from skiing, surfing and shooting. |
| D．Over a million become Ice hockey league members each year. |
