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题型:阅读理解-七选五 难度:0.65 引用次数:129 题号:15336245

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.     1     Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,     2    . Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.     3    

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.     4     In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

    5     Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

A.Silence reminds people to think carefully before they voice their opinions.
B.In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
C.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry.
D.Silence may include integrity, honesty and kindness.
E.However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
F.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.
G.just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.
【知识点】 文化差异

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【推荐1】Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. But you should not be upset (难受的) if your English friends don't invite you home. It doesn't mean they don't like you!
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1. If you are going to attend a dinner party,____ .
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C.Soup, meat with vegetables, dessert and coffee.
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【推荐2】5 of the Most Interesting Customs in the World

Switzerland—Honesty shopping

There are little shops in the middle of the Swiss Alps that allow you to buy your fresh cheese, milk, bread, honey, and butter without anyone to watch you. In fact, no one watches these shops because they are owned by farmers who are out taking care of the animals.

South Korea—NOT tipping

Tipping is in the blood for someone who is raised in the United States along with many other European countries. But in South Korea, employees in the food service industry are given fair wages and take pride in their work, and it is insulting to attempt to tip them.

Iceland—Christmas Eve books giving

People puzzle over the eternal question of Christmas gifts. Iceland has solved this problem with the Christmas Eve tradition of giving a book. After everyone unwraps the books, they spend the evening reading together.

Japan—Pushers on the subway

Japan's subway is crowded during rush hours. But instead of settling for the inefficiency that personal space demands, Japan has "pushers". They are exactly what they sound like-employees whose only job during rush hour is to push more people onto the train.

Russia—Offering vodka

It is the custom to welcome new friends with shots of vodka. What better way to break the ice than with some stomach- warming shots of this Russian tradition? That's something we can all toast to, or, as they say in Russia, "Na zdorovye!".

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【推荐3】Moving from one culture to another is exciting,but it is also a very stressful experience.     1     Culture shock is described as feelings of anxiety, frustration,or anger that may occur when a person is placed in a new culture. To better understand what I mean, I'll share my experience with you.

The first thing that confused me in American culture was how Americans tend to be very friendly.     2     And they will give a random praise to strangers on the street, or even invite a new acquaintance to a birthday party or lunch. Americans find it easy to make casual friends. They make friends and become relatively close in no time at all, but it is also easy for them to disappear in an instance. This aspect of American culture was kind of confusing to me.

    3     I think not always following strict rules is a uniquely American value. Calling your elders, teachers, and superiors by their first names was something unheard of in my country where you have to use full name and middle name when addressing your superiors. But the American informality doesn't decrease the respect they have for other people.

Another aspect of American culture that I found different from my culture was a sense of privacy and personal space. Americans do not like their personal space disturbed.     4    

Part of the excitement of living in a new culture is learning about how it differs from your own culture. You might compare your values and customs with the new values and customs you observe every day.    5     Also, it teaches us to shape our own cultural identity, and teaches us about ourselves.

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