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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:80 题号:15394199

“Let’s go outside and water the plants,” urged Fiona, my energetic 4-year-old granddaughter, during a recent visit from Maryland to my New Jersey home.

Fiona and I filled our watering cans. Out we went and I walked directly to the newly-planted begonias (秋海棠). “No, Granny, what about the grass and that tree?” Fiona insisted, pointing to the sycamore tree (悬铃木) that decorated a patch of earth between the sidewalk and the street, typically cared for by the town.

Through Fiona’s eyes, the begonias, the grass and the tree were all equal in nature’s esteem, all worthy of attention and care. At first, I didn’t want to deny my red begonias preferential treatment. I thought that the rain or the town would tend to the grass and the tree.

Even so, I turned and joined in Fiona’s universal watering party. Thanks to Fiona, I saw how the grass and the sycamore tree could assume their rightful place, equal to the begonias. I wondered if I sincerely accept all of nature and all people with an open mind and heart. My time with Fiona inspired me to doubt myself since I couldn’t even apply my equalitarian beliefs to a tree, grass and flowers.

I paused and reflected on unspoken prejudice, the tendency for stereotyped (模式化的) thoughts to pass automatically through our minds. Studies on unspoken prejudice show that sorting people, nature and objects into categories is a natural phenomenon. Rarely do we question it. Instead, we may assume, quite wrongly, that some people are less worthy, less valuable or, worse, hateful and dangerous.

1. What did Fiona want the author to do when they were out?
A.Clean a patch of earth for the town.
B.Tell her more about the sycamore tree.
C.Water the begonias, the grass and the sycamore tree.
D.Help make the sidewalk and the street more attractive.
2. How did the author feel about Fiona’s suggestion at first?
A.Supportive.B.Curious.
C.Uncertain.D.Uninterested.
3. What made the author take a fresh look at the grass, the tree and the begonias?
A.They received the same attention and care.
B.They were found in Maryland by Fiona.
C.They were all close to the neighborhood.
D.They were all typically cared for by the town.
4. What can we infer about unspoken prejudice from the last paragraph?
A.It is what fools use for reason.B.It pushes people to think about what goes wrong.
C.It is the original form of prejudice.D.It often leads to unfairness.

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文章大意:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己高中最后一天的鲜活记忆和坚持给女儿讲睡前故事的经历讲述了“峰终定律”(peak-end rule),它表明我们对一段经历的判断很大程度上取决于这段经历的巅峰和结尾,并建议人们珍惜结尾。

【推荐1】Even now, I have vivid memories of my last day of high school. In my mind’s eye, I’m cleaning out my locker, and then staring at the emptiness for a few extra beats before slamming it shut for the last time. I’m roaming the halls with my best friend, blissfully ignoring the bells going off every 50 minutes on schedule because, just today, we’re allowed to break the rules. I’m sitting on my desk, swinging my feet, and shooting the breeze (闲聊) with my English teacher, Mr. Carr, in a way that makes me feel almost grown up.

It was maybe my favorite day of the whole year. Like the final layer of watercolor, the freedom and lightness I feel seeps (渗透) into the rest of my memories of that day and turns them just a shade rosier.

If the school year hasn’t yet ended for you, consider what you can do to make the finale count. Why? Because when it comes to human memory, not all moments are created equal. Instead, our remembered experiences are disproportionately (不成比例地) influenced by peaks(the best moments as well as the worst)and endings (the last moments). Nobel Prize winner Danny Kahneman, who discovered this phenomenon, called this the peak-end rule. It suggests that our judgment of a past experience is largely based on its most extreme point and its endpoint.

I took advantage of the peak-end rule years ago, when my girls were young enough to want a bedtime story each night. I remember thinking that whatever strife (冲突) and stress had occurred that day, I could make the last moments count. I could end on a note of calm and act like the patient mom I hadn’t quite managed to be just hours before.

Don’t mistake all moments as equal in significance. There’s a reason why yoga classes end with savasana (挺卧式). There’s a reason we eat dessert last. Do orchestrate (精心安排) endings. As Seattle Seahawks coach Pete Carroll might say: Finish strong. Last impressions are especially lasting.

1. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean?
A.Calmly.B.Surprisingly.
C.Happily.D.Curiously.
2. Which statement is true about the peak-end rule?
A.Peaks in life can be remembered better than endings.
B.The last moments matter the most in our memories.
C.Our judgment of the past is determined by first impressions.
D.The peaks and ends of experiences are easier to remember.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.How the author applied the rule to daily life.
B.How the author treated her daughters.
C.What struggles the author had in life.
D.Why the author read stories to her kids.
4. Why is Pete Carroll mentioned in the last paragraph?
A.To prove the peak-end rule can be used in sports.
B.To encourage readers to value the last moments of an experience.
C.To explain why last impressions are lasting.
D.To show the importance of doing sports.
2024-03-22更新 | 231次组卷
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【推荐2】A tsunami (海啸)was coming when we landed in Tokyo. Not a natural tsunami, but a family one. My husband, my two stepkids and I arrived tired by our lack of sleep on the flight, and my stepdaughter and I were still not speaking after an argument from the day before. To add to our troubles, a public holiday meant there was nowhere open for breakfast. There we were, together 24/7 for the next two weeks.

My stepson, 11 years old and always attached to his iPhone is shy. Meanwhile, my 14﹣year﹣old stepdaughter never says thank you.

Yet, over the course of the holiday, the kids found their rhythm.

On our last night in Tokyo, we found our way to a local restaurant. Sitting at a small corner table, surrounded by locals after a hard day?s work》 we enjoyed some beautiful Japanese food. Finally, after 10 long days of trying to find a rhythm that suited us all, we talked.

For once, bonding replaced eye﹣rolling and, instead of the usual one﹣word reports after a day at school, our conversation was filled with warmth and love as we shared our favorite vacation experiences.

There was the moment when my stepson joined locals as they washed their hands and faces at a well,to cleanse themselves before burning incense (焚香)at a temple.Or the time when my stepdaughter chased deer in a park so she could feed them. And the time when we walked through a maze of market stalls and laneways to find what we thought was a simple noodle restaurant, only to be greeted by a charming garden filled with locals sharing a meal.

As we walked away from our dinner, darkness fell. The stone lanterns gradually came to life,and I whispered,for the first time in a long time,"Thank you, "

1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A.The family doesn't like Japanese food.
B.The family didn't sleep well in the hotel.
C.The author wasn't expecting a relaxing holiday.
D.A tsunami happened when the family got to Japan.
2. During the time in Japan, the children   
A.became friendly and peaceful
B.made many friends with local people
C.tested their parents in different ways
D.encouraged each other to be confident
3. Which of the following best describes the family's last dinner in Tokyo?
A.They were too tired to speak.
B.They had a good conversation.
C.They sat quietly while they ate.
D.The kids seemed very impatient.
4. How did the author feel about the trip in the end?
A.Puzzled.
B.Hopeful.
C.Exhausted.
D.Grateful.
2019-04-11更新 | 113次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约410词) | 适中 (0.65)
【推荐3】It does not matter who wins. We are told that from day one. Usually, that statement is followed by some remark about being a loser. If we do not care who wins, then why do we compete? Fun, experience, the chance to meet new people --- these are the reasons we try to outdo each other.
People will compete over anything. Every Christmas, my neighbors and I have a little Christmas light competition. It is heaven for the electric company, but I think we give Will Rogers Airport a scare. It is bright enough to land a plane in our front yards. I admit that last year my neighbors won, but only because they bought every strand of lights Wal-Mart had before I could get there.
Personal competitions are great, but we get a little carried away. I cannot stand to see coaches shout at kids playing sports. Who cares if someone messes up and the other team advances?
I’m tired of people competing just to win. It happens not only in sports, but in music competitions, too. People auditioning(试音)for chair placement in certain bands can get really unfriendly. This year I did not audition for a certain band, but I went to auditions anyway. This was the first time I actually had the opportunity to comprehend the whole picture.
Other times I’ve been the person who was nervous and anxious. This time, I sat back and observed everyone else. I came to the realization that the people who aren’t so good are terrified of the good people, and the good people are scared stiff that the bad people have taken lessons and can now show them up. Unless a person is on the outside looking in, I don’t think anyone realizes this.
Maybe competing is human nature, but we shouldn’t let it influence our judgment. Being disrespectful to opponents(对手), letting competition become our life, and becoming so involved that we close ourselves off from friends and family is not the meaning of competition.
A little competition is healthy, so it shouldn’t hurt anyone. If it does, someone somewhere needs to back off, find the good thing hidden inside, and try it again. Winning isn’t everything, and losing isn’t the end of the world.
1. The author mentions his competition with his neighbors to __________.
A.make excuses for his failure
B.express his concern about the airport
C.imply his neighbor cheated in the competition
D.show people really care about the result of competition
2. The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________.
A.the rules of competition
B.competitors’ effort to win
C.the influence of competition on life
D.the negative attitude to competition
3. From the passage, we can learn that _______.
A.the author failed the audition
B.competitors may be unfriendly to each other
C.it is coaches who always mess up the match
D.those who observe opponents calmly always win
4. Which of the following opinions does the author probably accept?
A.Competition for the job is fierce.
B.Winning or losing is none of people’s concern.
C.Competition is healthy, but it can get out of hand.
D.The disadvantages of competition outweigh the benefits.
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