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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:844 题号:15535150

On September 29, 2021, the US Fish and Wildlife Service declared it would be removing 23 species from its Endangered Species Act, including the ivory-billed woodpecker, various Hawaiian birds and freshwater fish, not because they had been pulled back from the edge of extinction, but because the USFWS believed these species would never recover, and were most likely extinct, therefore not requiring protection.

In April, 195 countries are getting together in China for a UN conference to discuss global agreements to protect nature and biodiversity, with the hope of finalizing an agreement to safeguard plants, animals, and ecosystems. However, the new strain (毒株) of Covid-19, Omicron, has potentially thrown the plans into a mess, and negotiators may switch to online talks if travel restrictions to China are put in place again.

“We can't go another four months without any progress” said Georgina Chandler, senior international policy officer at the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Conservationists are urging the talks to go ahead —   online if necessary — as the biodiversity crisis shows no sign of slowing up.

“Nature loss has not gone away and threatens both human lives and the global economy,” said Lin Li, director of global policy at the organization. “With one million species currently in danger of extinction, delaying action is not an option.”

Improving conservation and management of natural areas, such as oceans, forests, and wildernesses is crucial to safeguarding the ecosystems on which humans depend. However, forests are still being devastated, often for farming or commercial use. As trees absorb about a third of planet-warming emissions produced worldwide, stopping deforestation is key. At COP26 in Glasgow last November, world leaders plan to invest $19 billion in public and private funds to protect and restore global forests.

It’s easy to feel disheartened by the disappointing news, but the only way to stop more species suffering the same fate is to pay attention and take actions.

1. Why would the 23 species be removed from the Act?
A.Because they are less endangered.
B.Because they have already died out.
C.Because more fund is in need to protect them.
D.Because nothing can save them from extinction.
2. What do Georgina Chandler and Lin Li urge to do?
A.Take immediate actions.
B.Put off the conference.
C.Have online talks.
D.Improve global economy.
3. What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A.Abandoned.B.Destroyed.C.Rearranged.D.Disturbed.
4. What does the author intend to do by writing the text?
A.To explain why some species have disappeared.
B.To recommend ways to protect and restore forests.
C.To describe the present situation of global ecosystem.
D.To call for attention and action against biodiversity crisis.
【知识点】 环境保护 说明文

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文章大意:这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过中国的饮食习惯,谈论了“光盘行动”,号召人们减少食物浪费。

【推荐1】The Chinese people have developed the habit of ordering more dishes than they can eat when inviting guests for dinner in a restaurant, because if all the plates are empty at the end of the dinner, it would be considered a matter of shame to the host. Surveys show that as much as 35 million tons of food is wasted in China every year.

To solve this problem, the “Clean Your Plate” campaign was launched in 2013 and got a positive response from restaurant owners, the public, and governments at different levels. More and more waiters are now reminding diners to stop ordering more if they have ordered enough to make them full. Also, most restaurant owners nowadays provide free boxes with which the diners can carry the leftovers (剩菜) home.

The “Clean Your Plate” campaign has become popular along with the “save water” and “go green” activities. However, since it takes generations for people to change their bad habits, it’s too early to celebrate its success. Instead, more attention should be paid to preventing food waste at home.

Almost every Chinese family has a “waste bin”. Unfortunately, I happen to be the “waste bin” of my family. I used to enjoy eating leftovers until I heard an expert on TV saying that it causes cancer. Many doctors say the same thing. But later, I saw other experts doing experiments and concluding that food cooked hours ago or even a day ago shows no obvious increase in carcinogenic particles(致癌颗粒) if stored properly. Their disagreement has left me confused. I have no idea who is right, but I am clear that if all the leftovers are thrown away as suggested by some experts, it would be a big waste of food.

1. Why was the “Clean Your Plate” campaign launched?
A.To invite guests for dinner.B.To save people’s face.
C.To reduce food waste.D.To stop unbalanced diet.
2. What is the effect of this campaign on people?
A.Waiters are reminded to stop ordering more.
B.Free boxes are provided by most restaurant owners.
C.People are eager to change their bad habits earlier.
D.People pay more attention to preventing food waste at home.
3. What does the author think of the leftovers?
A.Eating leftovers causes cancer.
B.Leftovers should be thrown into the waste bin.
C.Throwing all the leftovers would be a big waste of food.
D.Properly stored leftovers won’t cause damage to health.
4. What is the text mainly about?
A.An introduction to a campaign.B.The ways to deal with leftovers.
C.An explanation of food waste.D.The eating habits of Chinese.
2024-02-27更新 | 61次组卷
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【推荐2】Two years ago, enormous fires swept through some 46 million acres of forest in Russia, the country’s worst fire season on record. Now, researchers have a clearer sense of just how significant the 2021 boreal (北方的) forest fires were in terms of emissions.

The study showed that for the past decade or so, boreal forests, especially forests in the uppermost reaches of Alaska, Canada, and Russia, have steadily become drier and hotter as heat waves and drought affected the environment. Fires in boreal forests are a normal part of the life cycle of trees that grow there. But climate change is throwing that cycle out of whack. Just in the past handful of years, forests in northern latitudes (纬度) reached a tipping point and started to produce far more emissions than usual.

The researchers obtained the data for their study by tracking concentrations of emissions in the atmosphere using satellites, and then they put that information into a computer model to determine where, geographically, those emissions came from. They found that boreal forests, which typically produce about 10 percent of the globe’s annual wildfire emissions, accounted for 23 percent of the world’s wildfire emissions in 2021—more than twice as much as normal. While previous analyses have regarded 2021 as a particularly destructive year for boreal forests, the study is a valuable contribution to the field because it “offers meaningful insights about where fire emissions increased the most within boreal regions and provides potential explanations for why those emissions are increasing,” said Canadell, one author of the study.

Canadell’s biggest worry is the study’s main conclusion: boreal forests have served an important and underappreciated role in reducing carbon emissions, but climate change threatens to release that stored carbon. “We need to be very careful with these systems in terms of their future evolution,” he said.

1. What does the underlined part “out of whack” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Out of date.B.Out of place.C.Out of order.D.Out of sight.
2. How did the scientists get necessary data?
A.By using modern technology.B.By analyzing previous data.
C.By turning to citizen scientists.D.By downloading them from the Internet.
3. What is the significance of the study?
A.It worked out the solution to the emission problem.
B.It found out the year 2021 was destructive for forests.
C.It filled a gap in the study of the function of boreal forests.
D.It pointed out the reason for increased emissions in boreal areas.
4. How does Canadell feel about the findings?
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2023-10-13更新 | 53次组卷
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【推荐3】Ryan Hreljac is a boy living in Canada. Without his help, hundreds of wells that now provide fresh water for people in Africa, Central America and India might never have been built. Ryan is what you might call a water ambassador. He traveled the world to tell people how they can help solve a big problem: the lack of safe drinking water in many developing countries.

Ryan's efforts didn't begin in a far-off place, but right at home in Kemptville, Ontario. When he was 6 years old, Ryan learned from his teacher that children in Africa often must walk miles each day to find water. Some even die from drinking dirty water, his teacher said. So Ryan decided to act. He did chores for his parents and neighbors. He spoke to schools, churches, and clubs about his goal. The word spread. After several months of hard work, Ryan had raised $2,000, enough to dig one well.

An organization called Canadian Physicians for Aid and Relief(CPAR)chose a site for the well in the village of Agweo, in Uganda. Two years later, CPAR arranged for Ryan to visit Uganda for the opening ceremony of the well. Ryan met a new friend named Jimmy. Then they formed a close friendship. He often traveled with Ryan to explain how water changed his life.

After the first well, "the ripple effect took over," Ryan says, "and one goal led to another.” With adult help, he founded Ryan's Well Foundation to educate people about the importance of water. Now the foundation has raised more than $1.5 million and built 255 wells that serve more than 427,000 people in 12 countries. Ryan has received many awards but he isn't bragging(炫耀). “The most impressive people I've met are the other kids who want to help too,” he says. "I'm just a typical kid. I had a small dream, and I stayed with it. That's the key reason why I made it come true. Everybody can do something.”

1. What problem is Ryan working to solve?
A.Not enough money for education.B.A shortage of safe drinking water.
C.African children's being extremely poor.D.Polluted water causing diseases.
2. How did Ryan get money for his first well?
A.He did chores and sold his idea.B.He created an educational foundation.
C.He traveled to villages across the world.D.He started a website to ask for donations.
3. What would be the most important for Ryan to realize his dream?
A.Never giving up.B.Making friends.C.Knowing his limits.D.Not bragging about awards.
4. What is the main idea of the text?
A.A special well was dug.B.A boy has made a difference.
C.An organization helped to save water.D.A well brought people together.
2022-01-19更新 | 78次组卷
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