A common theme running in fiction and mythology is the idea of orphan (孤儿) heroes and superheroes. Fairytales introduce us to children of absent fathers and cruel caretakers, like Cinderella and Snow White. Fiction makes much of the parentage of David Copperfield and Jane Eyre. Comic books offer orphaned heroes like Batman, Spiderman, or you’ll notice characters in more modern fiction from films and books like Harry Potter and Leia Skywalker.
Why are so many heroes and superheroes orphans?
Lacking parents, orphan heroes and superheroes are considered “children of the world”. Having raised themselves, and having been freed from much of the complex relationship of child to parent, ophan heroes and superheroes are at much greater liberty to interact with the world, and they may look at the world as parent and all its inhabitants as family.
Some orphans seek only a home and a family. David Copperfield finds this with his aunt. Cinderella and Snow White escape evil stepmothers by marrying. Others, especially of the superhero “cast” are never really given family in the traditional sense. In fact, though they may have strong bonds with friends, or with caretakers, they are constantly attempting to prove worthiness to the world, and are desperate to save the people they do care about.
You can also evaluate orphan heroes and superheroes as a means by which anxiety, loneliness, and independence are emphasized. The comic book type superhero is usually one who suffers always, or at least most of the time. Loss of even one parent can be intensely upsetting and forever change a child’s life, and superheroes may do all in their power to prevent this fate for other children. Empathy for suffering and a desire to end or prevent it for others are increased.
It’s a good idea to consider why we see this theme expressed so commonly. Perhaps we ⅵew these orphans or poorly parented children as ultimately our own. They may not just be children of the world, but may belong to each reader.
1. Why does the author mention some famous characters in Paragraph 1?A.To clarify the writing purpose. | B.To advertise classic fiction. |
C.To support a statement. | D.To make an overall outline. |
A.Intention to escape a family. | B.Desire to prove their value to the world. |
C.Strong bonds with their family. | D.Wishes for freedom to explore the world. |
A.Childish. | B.Dependent. | C.Cheerful. | D.Sympathetic. |
A.Ophans’ ultimte fate is pitiful |
B.Readers have a preference for tragedies. |
C.Orphan characters are reflections of the readers. |
D.Readers may regard orphan characters as their own kids. |
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Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “useless” college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.
“There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect,” Merrigan said. “We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.”
In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.
“I truly believe we’re at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,” said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. “Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture.”
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers’ Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.
Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Best hopes his message—that this is a new time in agriculture—will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. “Never before have we had the innovations (创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “There’s really a place for everybody to fit in.”
1. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?
A.Fewer and older farmers. | B.Higher fuel prices. |
C.More natural disasters. | D.Lower agricultural output. |
A.To draw federal agriculture officials’ attention. |
B.To select qualified agriculture graduates. |
C.To clarify a recent blog posting. |
D.To talk more students into farming careers. |
because__________..
A.the government will cover production costs |
B.global food supplies will be even lower |
C.investment in agriculture will be profitable |
D.America will increase its food export |
A.To re-analyze the result of the national census. |
B.To increase agricultural production. |
C.To bring down the average age of farmers. |
D.To invest more in agriculture. |
【推荐2】A new survey shows that young people in China much prefer making fresh food to buying prepared food. Mei Lin, a college graduate from Anhui, has stopped buying cheap food at the supermarket. “I would much prefer my own bowl of noodles with fresh vegetables to the packaged noodles I can buy in a store. “Mei Lin often goes jogging and plays tennis at the weekend, in addition to swimming and training for a marathon in Xiamen in the autumn. She believes her fresh food choices help her stay fit and active.
But the trend (趋势) isn’t one that only women are taking up. Su Bo, a 26-year-old computer programmer in Shenzhen, says that he has given up eating packaged meals except when he’s travelling for work. “For me, I have a very demanding job, and I need a sharp mind and strong body. It does take more time to go shopping, but I find my energy levels are higher when I eat fresh food. “Su Bo used to order many of his meals online, so that he could spend more time working, but he soon stopped this habit. “I realized it wasn’t good to never take a break from my job. “ he said. “Besides, the food often made me ill. “ For Su Bo, this meant cooking his own vegetables, eating less meat, and carrying fruit to work for lunch. Like Mei Lin, Su Bo insists that eating healthy food helps him with his fitness routine.
Both admit that in times of stress or busy periods at work, they do sometimes give in and eat fast food or packaged meals. But Su Bo always regrets it and almost eats healthy meals. “Because I live at home and my mother prefers to eat like I do, we often cook together. It’s my father who likes to eat fast food in front of the TV, “ he laughs.
When asked whether their eating habits are common among their age group, both Mei Lin and Su Bo say they are. Yet, it’s not clear whether this food trend will be adopted by other young Chinese people. Are Mei Lin and Su Bo unique or are they setting a new trend? It’s too early to say.
1. Which of the statements about eating food is true in the passage?A.Mei Lin eats fast food to save more time to take exercise. |
B.Su Bo’s mother likes to eat convenience food in front of the TV. |
C.More young people in China today like prepared store-bought food. |
D.Mei Lin would rather pay more money for fresh food than food from a supermarket. |
A.It is obvious that Mei Lin and Su Bo are setting a new trend. |
B.Having a healthy diet is uncommon among Mei Lin and Su Bo’s age group. |
C.Because of work Su Bo has to become energetic after eating prepared fast food. |
D.Whether more young Chinese people will follow fresh food trend remains to be seen. |
A.By listing figures | B.By making comparisons |
C.By giving a definition | D.By illustrating a point. |
A.Supportive. | B.Negative. | C.Cautious. | D.Indifferent. |
【推荐3】Music is a lot more than how it is defined.
1.
Music provides people a means to express their true personality through different patterns. Whether it be a singer, or an instrumentalist, sharing music with others, being in a band along with other people, you can the real you through music. Music is important since it provides people a means to show themselves.
2.It is a method of conversing how we feel
Music assists people in communicating their deepest feeling when they simply cannot find the right words to say.
3.It brings people together
Music can amazingly bring people together in many ways. Whether through similar preference in music, or the enthusiasm to get something new and unfamiliar, or even doing music with other people.
.4.It is present in everything
Music is present in any part of the world, and music associates with everything too. Music has been written in history ever since. It is also present in mathematics and science.
A.It is a method of expression |
B.It is the medicine of the soul |
C.Music occurs in everything that surrounds us. |
D.With music, we can forget our pressure and problems. |
E.Without the presence of music, life can be dull and boring. |
F.A lot of people prefer similar styles of music that are already out of date. |
G.There are times in our lives that expressing our feeling to others is difficult to do. |
One country received its secondplace medals with visible anger after the hockey final.There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey(曲棍球) match,the losers objecting to the final decisions.They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’(对手) victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said,“This isn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension(中止) of the team for at least three years.
The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia,after a disputable end to their contest.The game had ended in disorder.It was thought at first that the United States had won by a single point,but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play.A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other,and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the US had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury(评审委员会)debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals or in nonnational teams,might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism(爱国主义).
1. The author thinks that in recent years Olympic Games have________.
A.showed little international friendship |
B.greatly encouraged international brotherhood |
C.created goodwill between the nations |
D.created only misunderstanding and hatred |
A.This is not a standard hockey match. |
B.The federation would not exist any longer after this match was over. |
C.His team would not enter the game in three years. |
D.The unfair decision ruined both hockey and the Federation. |
A.aggressive patriotism was shown in the incident |
B.the Russian team should not have taken advantage of the last three seconds |
C.the appeal jury was too inefficient in making a decision |
D.the American team should have taken the first place |
A.contests often end in disorder |
B.no contests are fair in the Olympic Games |
C.competition discourages international friendship |
D.unfair decisions are common in sports |
A.Athletes should compete as individuals. |
B.The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved. |
C.Any team that has disrespectful behavior should be suspended. |
D.Different teams often have disputes when fighting for the first place. |
【推荐2】Poetry4kids Memberships
Poetry4kids turned 25 this year! It has become the most visited children’s poetry website, thanks to you. Running a website with over 2 million visitors and 15 million views each year is quite expensive. So for years I’ve covered the costs by including advertising on the site. This isn’t an ideal solution, but a necessary one. However, I now have a better solution that 11 remove the advertising for you and give you many additional benefits: Poetry4kids Memberships.
In short, for a small monthly subscription fee, you can become a member of Poetry4kids and enjoy all of the following rewards:
Reader Level—$ 5/ month
● Ad-free access to poetry4kids. com
● Two free e-books: The Armpit of Doom and The Biggest Burp Ever
● Access to all poems on the website, organized by book
● Early access to new YouTube videos, including poetry-writing lessons
● Connect with me via a members only email address
Poetry Lover—$ 10/ month
● All the benefits of the Reader Level
● Two additional free e-books: My Cat Knows Karate and My Dog Likes to Disco
● Monthly live, interactive and online poetry- writing workshops, throughout the school year
Super Member—$ 20/ month
● All the benefits of the Poetry Lover and Reader Level
● One free online author visit for your class each school year
● Free and early access to all future e- books and audio books (有声书籍)
Your support will help me create new animated videos and fully- produced audio books!
To become a member of Poetry4kids, simply visit my Buy Me a Coffee page and click on the Join button for your selected level.
Thank you for your support. I look forward to the next 25 years of Poetry4kids with a lively community of teachers, librarians, parents, and other fans of poetry for kids!
—Kenn Nesbitt
1. What is the present problem with Poetry4kids for its visitors?A.It has too many visits. | B.It offers limited poems. |
C.It has advertisements. | D.It charges too much. |
A.Four free e-books. | B.Free access to audio-books. |
C.Daily poetry-reading guidance. | D.Interviews with favorite poets. |
A.A grateful coffee shop owner. | B.A poet supporting Poetry4kids . |
C.A faithful member of Poetry4kids. | D.A person running a poetry website. |
The science fiction type of entertainment is considered by most to be fathered by Jules Verne (A Journey to the Center of the Earth and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea) and H. G. Wells (The Time Machine and The War of the Worlds). Sci-Fi, as it is commonly shortened, is a fictional story in which science and technology have a significant influence on the characters and plot. Many such works are guesswork about what the future holds and how scientific findings and technological advances will shape humankind.
Writing in the late 1800s, Jules Verne was remarkably successful in his 10 guesses about future technologies of air conditioning, automobiles, the Internet, television, and underwater, air, and space travel. Unbelievably, of all places from which to choose, Jules Verne guessed Tampa, Florida, USA as the launching site of the first project to the Moon, which was only 200 kilometers away from the actual 1969 location at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
One of the best-known science fiction books is Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell. Published in 1949, it was not meant as a prediction, but as a warning: Orwell was describing what he saw as the outcome of the ideas, trends, and emerging technologies of his time. Many invented terms from this novel have become common in everyday use, such as “big brother” and “doublethink”. Even the author’s name has been made into an adjective—Orwellian—and has become a warning descriptor for situations where privacy is lost and the individual becomes sacrifice under a totalitarian(极权主义) government. Nineteen Eighty-Four was translated into sixty-five languages within five years of its publication, setting a record that still stands.
What helps bring science fiction into being is usually a new discovery or innovation. The author creates an analysis of the potential influence and consequences and then wraps it in a pleasant story. For example, the beginning of space exploration was followed a few years later by the Star Trek television program and movie series. Advances in genetics(遗传学) cause fantasies of the end of disease, horrors of eugenics(优生学), and thrillers where creatures disappearing long ago are brought back to life. The science fiction author’s self-determined role is that of field glasses for humanity—searching the world of future possibilities upon the road which we are traveling.
1. What can science fiction offer to people?
A.A forecast of how a new discovery could influence mankind. |
B.A thoughtful look at the present drawbacks of technology. |
C.An analysis of why a new technology could be used to harm human. |
D.A thoughtful look at the past and what brought us to this point in history. |
A.A prediction of future technologies. |
B.A warning of cruel and unfair ruling. |
C.The consequence of scientific findings. |
D.An imaginary perfect world of freedom. |
A.Nineteen Eighty-Four adopted some popular terms |
B.H.G. Wells predicted the Internet in the late 1800s |
C.Cape Canaveral was mentioned in Jules Verne’s fiction |
D.Star Trek movie series were based on space exploration |
A.A moral compass. |
B.A reference of technology. |
C.A record of science development. |
D.A consideration of possibilities. |
【推荐1】Asian carp (鲤鱼) were introduced to American waters during the 1970s. Southern fish farmers began importing them to help clean their ponds. Asian carp are extraordinary cleaners.
Unfortunately, it didn't take too long for them to escape from these ponds, perhaps from flooding, and get into the Mississippi River. From there they have followed their natural tendency to swim upstream. This tendency may lead them into the Great Lakes and Canada, which worries fishermen.
Asian carp are large fish. One species, the silver carp, can grow to be 100 pounds. But despite their size, they feed from the bottom of the food chain. That means that they eat plankton (浮生物) and algae (海藻类). A one-hundred-pound fish can eat an awful lot of sea scum (浮渣), and some of it is toxic (有毒的). The carp are resistant to the toxins, but we aren't. Some Asian carp are risky to eat because they have so many algal toxins in their systems. They also have lots of tiny bones in their meat, which makes them difficult to prepare.
Introducing the Asian carp into waters that have not known them can cause a lot of damage. Beneath the surface of the water is a unique ecosystem. This system rests on a balance that has developed over millions of years. Then along come these big, hungry bottom feeders to mess up everything. They produce young rapidly and thickly populate the waters. Worse still, they compete with the native bottom feeders. The native bottom feeders are smaller. Larger, tastier fish like salmon (鲑鱼) eat them. The native bottom feeders are an important part of the ecosystem. When the Asian carp outperform them, the whole food chain suffers, all the way up to the people.
Not only do Asian carp mess up the food chain, they mess up people seriously. Remember that silver carp can be 100 pounds. There is a reason why they are also known as “flying carp.” This particular species of Asian carp has a tendency to jump when frightened. They can jump up to ten feet in the air when the sound of boat motors frightens them. In 2018 a woman jet skier bumped into one and broke her nose and back. She almost drowned. Many others have been injured by these flying carp.
1. For what purpose were Asian carp brought to America?A.To be sold for money. |
B.To assist Southern fish farmers in cleaning. |
C.To prevent other fish from getting out of ponds. |
D.To make use of their tendency to swim upstream. |
A.Asian carp are an unpopular menu item. |
B.Asian carp are a species of the silver carp. |
C.Asian carp are at the bottom of the food chain. |
D.Asian carp's living environment is threatened. |
A.Large salmon. | B.People in the area. |
C.Plankton and algae. | D.The native bottom feeders. |
A.When they are hurt by humans. |
B.When they are lacking in food. |
C.When they feel scared. |
D.When they hear pleasing sounds. |
【推荐2】To find an entrance to the deserted plant without being noticed, George Wilson sneaked around the fence, a bag on his back and his hands in his pockets.
However, George thought twice when a guard dog appeared. “I’m not afraid of the gatekeeper—at least I can try to persuade him. But a dog? Forget it. I’ll find another way." While planning his special visit to the plant, the 25-year-old man did some research, but still failed to locate the entrance.
George is among the thousands who are crazy about “taking adventures”, which they call urban exploration, or “urbex”. The aim is to explore structures—usually abandoned ruins or “hidden parts of the man-made environments”.
One of the most common examples of urban exploration is venturing into abandoned structures, which usually include amusement parks, factories, power plants, missile silos, fallout shelters, hospitals, asylums, schools and houses.
Urban explorers are interested in visiting such sites, as they can discover “other parts of a city” and get to understand its history from a different angle.
George, who worked for a German company in New York for six months, said he enjoyed the contrast between the city’s two sides—modern and crowded, compared with old-fashioned and silent—and wanted to learn more about the city during his short stay.
George said that he was able to finally sneak in through another entrance, yet he was still asked to leave by a gatekeeper shortly after. But he then managed to get into a newly-built block, climbed to the top and took a picture of the factory ruins at sunset.
“I will come back another day,” he said.
1. What does the underlined sentence imply in the second paragraph?A.George wanted to learn more about the city. |
B.The gatekeeper prevented George from the entrance. |
C.George would find another way to the entrance to the deserted plant. |
D.George was frightened enough by the dog to abandon visiting the deserted plant. |
A.He takes an interest in ancient buildings. |
B.He loves exploring natural environments. |
C.He gets to understand its history from a single angle. |
D.He managed to enter the deserted plant from another entrance . |
A.Critical. | B.Indifferent. | C.Doubtful. | D.Supportive |
A.A way to explore an abandoned plant. | B.A kind of adventurers—urban explorers. |
C.George’s love for abandoned structures. | D.A desirer to explore city’s structures. |
If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. According to Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, brain cancer is a concern. Over all, there has not been an increase in its occurrence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-29 age group and a drop for the older population.
“Most cancers have many causes,” she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer.
Children are more vulnerable to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates (穿透) only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls (头骨) are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid.
Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains.
Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the belly.
1. According to Ms Davis, brain cancer increases ________.
A.in the teenagers | B.among old people |
C.in the twenties | D.among pregnant women |
A.accessible | B.changeable |
C.passive | D.sensitive |
A.entertain | B.persuade |
C.describe | D.inform |
A.Low-energy Radiation Leads to Cancer |
B.Cell Phone Use Brings Health Problems |
C.Radiation Damages DNA in People’s Brain |
D.Researchers Launched Lab Studies on Cell Phones |