Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been dull. E-books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital services, but many publishers are too cautious about piracy and lost sales to co-operate. Among the big six publishers, only Random House and Harper Collins license e-books with most libraries.
Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need: book-lovers with money. If these people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then? Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles away, book files can be downloaded at home. The files disappear from the device when they are due.
E-lending is not simple, however. There are various incompatible e-book formats, devices and licenses. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, which secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive’s global market dominance, as the company can control fees and conditions. Publishers were annoyed when OverDrive cooperated with Amazon the world’s biggest online bookseller, last year. Owners of Amazon’s Kindle e-reader who want to borrow e-books from libraries are now redirected to Amazon’s website.
According to Pew, an opinion researcher, library users are a perfect market for Amazon. Late last year Amazon introduced is Kindle Owners’ Lending Library, which lets its best customers borrow free one of thousands of popular books each month. But a recent Pew survey found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books It also noted that e-books actually are available at most libraries, and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists, which may inspire people to buy.
So publishers keep adjusting their lending arrangements in search of the right balance. Random House raised its licensing price earlier this year, and Harper Collins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times. The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.
1. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that ______.A.several big publishers have sold e-books to libraries |
B.both libraries and publishers caution the e-book piracy |
C.some publishers are hesitant to cooperate with libraries |
D.libraries are eager to keep strong relationship with publishers |
A.The risk of e-book piracy. |
B.The possible decline of book sales. |
C.No time limit for the downloaded book files. |
D.The availability of the incompatible e-book formats. |
A.Amazon is adopting measures to win more customers |
B.OverDrive distributes e-books and audio files to publishers |
C.over half of Americans are borrowing e-books from libraries |
D.the fees of lending e-books are under the control of publishers |
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【推荐1】During my first decade in prison, I busied myself with exercising and hanging out in the big yard. I hardly grew as a person. It wasn’t until I began college in prison in my 30s that I started to realize my full potential.
Through my journey in college, I became a keen reader and writer, striving to escape prison life by expanding my mind beyond the toxic (有毒的) environments I’d been confined to. I started studying feminism and restorative justice. One concept that really hit home for me was toxic masculinity (男子气概). I come from an abusive home and a neighborhood consumed by gangs, drugs and gun violence. I wanted to understand better why I had used violence to solve my problems.
I have found, however, that strangers stand between me and many of the books I want to read.
Books, like everything an imprisoned person receives— personal mail, emails, photos, news and education materials — are evaluated by prison officials and rejected or shared with us. Corrections departments typically claim they ban books that contain sexual content, racial hatred or depictions of violence, criminal activity, anti-authority attitudes or escape. In practice, PEN America wrote in a 2019 report on prison book restriction policies, the restrictions “have been wide-ranging, from perverse to absurd to constitutionally troubling, with bans being applied in ways that are against logic.”
In Texas, books by Alice Walker, Pablo Neruda and even the former senator Bob Dole have been banned. Throughout the country, prison officials have rejected or tried to ban books about biology (too much nakedness in the anatomical drawings), the Holocaust (some of the victims were pictured naked), sketching, dragons and even the moon (it could “present risks of escape,” according to one New York prison). At one point, Colorado prison officials blocked a prisoner from reading two of President Barack Obama’s memoirs because they were “potentially harmful to national security,” although they later reversed that decision.
Claiming such bans are necessary for the safety and security of prisons seems ridiculous. If anything, many banned books could contribute to a safer environment in prisons and in the societies imprisoned individuals are released into. Practically every author I have encountered while in prison, from Don Miguel Ruiz to Angela Y. Davis, has played a role in my efforts to grow and become a better person— someone who can live in society by adding to it, as opposed to taking from it.
Without college and without access to books and materials that expanded my mind beyond the razor wire (钢丝网) and towering concrete walls, I might still be wasting my time on the yard. My worldview would still be dictated by toxic masculinity and the violence and harm that surround it. That’s not who I want to be when I leave this prison. It’s not who I want to see sent back into society.
1. Why did the author turn to violence when he was young?A.Because his parents and neighbours told him to do so. |
B.Because he had read a lot of books about hatred and violence. |
C.Because he had been bullied a lot by peers during his childhood. |
D.Because the environment where he grew up was filled with violence. |
A.Some books may post threats to national security. |
B.Some books may lead to extreme religious behaviour. |
C.Some pictures may contain sexually inappropriate content. |
D.Some books may potentially encourage prisoners to escape. |
①to broaden the prisoners’ horizon ②to prevent prisoners from escaping
③to encourage prisoners to contribute to society ④to reduce violent behaviour
A.①②③ | B.①③④ | C.①②④ | D.②③④ |
A.Reading books is important for a teenager’s growth. |
B.Toxic masculinity is harmful to a person’s growth. |
C.It is unreasonable for authorities to restrict reading for prisoners. |
D.It’s never too late to realize one’s academic potential even in prison. |
【推荐2】In recent years, there has been a rise in the volume of audiobook sales, which is easily aided by the dominance of the smartphone. Other contributors to the rise beyond technology?
One thing is obvious: Reading even a short book involves a significant investment of time and prevents any other activity. You can’t drive or garden while reading. Andy Miller, the author of The Year of Reading Dangerously, said: “I was hunting for a book to read.” Kit Waal, my friend, said, “you should get the audiobook Old Filth; it’s fantastic.” She was right. I could walk the dog and still be reading a brilliant novel, or have one read to me brilliantly. I loved that book and I loved that way of reading it. So I’m a recent convert.”
Does he worry audio provides too different an experience to reading itself? “Clearly on audio you are at the mercy of the reader’s skills,” he says. “But then , ego (自己) aside, the same is true of reading a book on the page. We’re all at the mercy of our own skills and tastes, aren’t we? But on audio you are influenced by someone else’s interpretation. And you might simply dislike the voice of the reader. But at its best audio offers a complementary (互补的) experience to the actual book.”
Will audiobook distract us from the page before us? Better to focus on what we might gain. As someone who frequently interviews authors on stage, I'm aware of the unique insight to a text produced by hearing someone read their own work; I’ve frequently re-interpreted a passage after such an experience. But that has had no impact on whether or not I'll read a book by a writer I will never hear reading.
I once met the writer Don Delillo. In response to a question about the process of writing, he remarked that he sometimes became attracted by the shape of particular letters, by the way individual words appeared before him, their beauty beyond meaning and the relationship to meaning. He sounded hippy-dippy; then it made perfect sense. Reading does start with shapes, which slowly resolve to make a certain meaning, filtered through our own subjectivity and our senses. That will never change.
1. What does Andy Miller mean by “I’m a recent convert” in paragraph 2?A.I like the reader’s voice. | B.I enjoy my daily routines. |
C.I fall in love with audiobook. | D.I am addicted to reading novels. |
A.It has a good voice. | B.It limits our interpretation. |
C.It controls our skills and tastes. | D.It misleads our interpretation. |
A.Unclear. | B.Objective. | C.Opposed. | D.Favourable. |
A.Easy listening: the rise of the audiobook? |
B.The audiobook-a growing trend in reading |
C.Slow reading-the decline of the actual book? |
D.A new experience: the appearance of audiobook |
任务型阅读(共10小题;
认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
A library is a place where a large collection of books are lined. However, quite different from traditional ones, a new library which opened last month in San Antonio, Texas, US is very special in the thing —there is not a single book in it.
In fact, the world’s first “bookless” library, known as BiblioTech, looks more like an Internet café—instead of bookshelves. It has iPads, laptops and desktop computers to use on site and 500 e-readers for members to borrow. Most importantly, there is no printed material, reported Time.
“Our digital library is stored in the cloud, so you don’t have to come in to get a book,” Laura Cole, BiblioTech’s special projects coordinator, told CNN. The library at the moment has a collection of 10,000 e-books and is trying to add more.
The idea of a bookless library no longer seems new since e-books have been around for quite some time. At the end of 2012, 23 percent of Americans aged 16 and older read e-books, up from 16 percent the year before. At the same time, the proportion(比例) of Americans who read a printed book fell from 72 percent to 67 percent.
“Not all libraries are going to be like us,” Nelson Wolff, a local official told CNN. “But we surely do hope it’s going to drive them to do so. The world is changing, and libraries can’t stay the same —if they want to stay connected with the changing world.”
Also, located in a low-income (低收入的) neighborhood where 40 percent of families don’t have a computer and half are not available(可获得的) to broadband Internet service, BiblioTech provides digital convenience to people who lack it.
All in all, the newly-born library, though young, may be promising in the future soon to come.
Title | A |
Introduction | ●A new library came into ●It has no book in it at all. |
Features of the library | ●Computers, iPads and laptops took the ● ●There is no printed material. ●Books are stored in the ●More e-books will be |
●People are ●The changing world ●Such bookless libraries meet low-incomers’ | |
Conclusion | The bookless library may be promising in the future. |
【推荐1】A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the text. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but for more than the reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality(时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it means also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的) value. For all these reasons,not two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together, out of the pages of that day's paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need and without wasting time, demands skill and selfawareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.
1. A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following EXCEPT its ________.A.wide coverage |
B.uniform style |
C.speed in reporting news |
D.popularity |
A.people scan for the news they are interested in |
B.different people prefer different newspapers |
C.people are rarely interested in the same kind of news |
D.people have different views about what a good newspaper is |
A.apply reading techniques skillfully |
B.jump from one newspaper to another |
C.appreciate the variety of a newspaper |
D.usually read a newspaper selectively |
A.How to read newspaper? |
B.Where to find a good newspaper? |
C.What is a good newspaper? |
D.Newspaper. |
【推荐2】Tribute can go to anything
Since 1927, Time has chosen to profile a person or group and feature them on its front page.
“The Computer”, 1982
At the start of the 1980s, home computing was just starting to take off, with companies like Sinclair and Apple releasing consumer-focused machines to the masses.
“This sweetheart here, this little baby, looks like any ordinary machine, isn’t that so?
“You”, 2006
In the age when sites like YouTube and Facebook were in their new and had not developed very much, Time named those who created and uploaded “user-generated content” onto such websites as its choice of the year.
“Endangered Earth”, 1989
During a period of heightened awareness of global warming and climate change,
A.This created chaos |
B.A mess of screws and buttons, a whole heap of plastic. |
C.While the PCs of the early ’80s were primitive compared to today’s |
D.The decision drew mainly confused and negative feedback from the public and media |
E.Time featured Earth as its “Planet of the Year”. |
F.Other than people, objects have made it to front page too. |
G.But it’s not always people that make the front cover. |
【推荐3】Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviews who wore (展示) their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling(使命), and were proud to be published in the daily press. 'So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,' Newman wrote “that I am tempted to define” journalism “as a term of contempt(轻蔑) applied by writers who are not read to writers who are”.
Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.
Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly polished Vicwardian(维多利亚和爱德华时代) prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
1. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 thatA.arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers. |
B.English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews. |
C.high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. |
D.young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies. |
A.free themes. | B.casual style. |
C.elaborate layout. | D.radical viewpoints |
A.It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals. |
B.It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. |
C.Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism. |
D.Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing. |
A.His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. |
B.His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. |
C.His style caters largely to modern specialists. |
D.His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition. |
【推荐1】For humans, adapting to (适应) climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help reduce the effects of a warmer world. However, animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.
In a study done by Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. And climate change is already changing the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (鸟喙), limbs and ears.
In some species of Australian parrot, for example, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. All that is nicely in line with evolutionary theory (进化论). “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附肢) than those in mild regions.
Such increase in an animal’s surface area helps it release (释放) extra heat. For example, being richly gifted with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to release heat.
It seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to. These animals living in it will look different, too. Studying a larger range of animals will help figure out what is exactly happening. Much of Ms Ryding’s data is about birds, however, with less information available for other animals.
1. What is the purpose of the text?A.To introduce climate change. | B.To introduce evolution of animals. |
C.To introduce a result of a study. | D.To introduce a technology. |
A.For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. |
B.A study which was done by Trends in Ecology & Evolution. |
C.Technology may help reduce the effects of a warmer world. |
D.Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies to adapt to climate change. |
A.It says that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages than those in mild regions. |
B.It holds that animals in hot place tend to have larger appendages than those in cold region. |
C.It says that cold-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages than those in mild regions. |
D.It holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages than those in cold regions. |
A.They will do a larger range of researches on birds. |
B.They will do more researches on other animals. |
C.They will do more researches on climate change. |
D.They will do more researches on technology. |
【推荐2】The whole world knows them: actors, singers, models, athletes and TV personalities. If I use social media, I get too familiar.
I have nothing against the entertainment industry and celebrities. The problem is that by idolizing the entertainment industry so much, we sometimes completely forget about the things that are truly important and that are changing our world. You probably know who Leonardo DiCaprio is—a very talented American actor and film producer. But then you probably don’t know who Cori Bargmann is. Bargmann is a scientist who is uncovering the causes of Alzheimer’s and autism, which have been unknown for years.
What I think is wrong is that DiCaprio’s net worth is $260 million dollars, while Bargmann’s is less than $l million dollars. DiCaprio is definitely talented and has worked hard to give us good films, but Bargmann is working for something that can save thousands of humans who are suffering. And just because our society prefers to idolize the entertainment industry instead of science, she gets paid much less than she deserves.
But if it would benefit the world to invest all of our time and attention toward scientists, why don’t we make scientists our new “celebrities”?
First of all, we like being entertained. We love pretty faces and easy-to-digest information. It’s easier to care about simple stuff rather than scientific, complicated things. Another reason is that most scientists don’t like being in the spotlight. They’ re mostly reserved and like to have privacy. They’ re busy people, which explains why they haven’t attracted the media the same way that performers have. Also, people have free will and the right to be interested in whatever they want to be.
However, studies have shown that young people are more interested in a scientific career as a result of COVID-19. The pandemic has also made known some scientists who have suddenly started appearing on TV and guiding us on how to get protected from this deadly virus. Maybe that is the start of the development of a different point of view which will be in favor of science for future generations.
1. Why does the author mention Leonardo DiCaprio and Cori Bargmann?A.To introduce the topic. | B.To give an example. |
C.To offer a definition. | D.To propose a solution. |
A.Scientists get paid much less than actors. |
B.People are busy choosing what they like. |
C.Scientists don’t feel like being paid attention to. |
D.People prefer entertainment to complex science. |
A.Studies make scientists known and accepted by the masses. |
B.Young people want to change their jobs because of the pandemic. |
C.People are attracted to science and scientists during a special time. |
D.Most scientists gradually become willing to show up in public light. |
A.Objective. | B.Favorable. |
C.Prejudiced. | D.Indifferent. |
【推荐3】Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older people company and helps them remember to take their medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a $ 3-million-dollar from the National Science Foundation for a special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or AI, to Hasbro’s “Joy for All” robotic cat.
The cat has already been for sale for two years. Though priced at over 1,000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a “companion”(陪伴) for older people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the older people to take medicine or visit their doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.
It is an idea that has appealed (有吸引力) to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The Joy for All cat that Elliot bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her relaxed while Elliott is at work. Elliot said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.
The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.
1. What’s the purpose of the project?A.To reduce the pain of the elderly. |
B.To increase the sales of a medicine. |
C.To help make the robotic cat smarter. |
D.To invent a robotic cat for the elderly. |
A.It will be on sale in two years. |
B.It may be cheaper in the future. |
C.Its abilities will be made simpler for the elderly. |
D.It can tell the activities that older adults need the most. |
A.The cat gives much help to the elderly. |
B.The cat works well to talk with the patient. |
C.The cat can make the dementia patient less painful. |
D.The cat should be designed to satisfy patients’ need. |
A.Each family can afford such a cat in the future. |
B.A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly. |
C.Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable. |
D.The feeling of being needed is important to the elderly. |