When I was young, a friend and I came up with a “big” plan to make reading easy. The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.” As it turned out, the joke was on us. How could a single sentence convey the essence(精髓) of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages?
Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks” . The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.
Blinkist has been around since 2012. It calls its summaries “15-minute discoveries” to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. “Almost none of us,” the editors assure us, “have the time to read everything we’d like to read.” Well, yes, of course, “So many books, so little time,” declares a poster I once bought at a book market. But I judge the quality of someone’s library by the books he or she has yet to read.
That’s because a book is something we ought to live with, rather than speed through and categorize. It offers an experience as real as any other. The point of reading a book is not accumulating information, or at least not that alone. The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader. The idea behind Blinkist, however, is the opposite: Reading can be, should be, measured by the efficient uptake(吸收) of key ideas. No, no, no. What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency.
When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.
1. What is the function of Paragraph 1?A.To introduce Moby-Dick to readers. | B.To present an argument. |
C.To look back on his childhood. | D.To introduce the topic of the passage. |
A.What Blinkist is. | B.Why Blinkist is popular. |
C.How to use Blinkist. | D.Where you can use Blinkist. |
A.There are few new books of quality. |
B.Many books are hard to understand. |
C.People do not have enough time to read. |
D.People do not like reading as much as before. |
A.Obtaining key ideas efficiently. | B.Further confirming our beliefs. |
C.Accumulating information quickly. | D.Deeply involving ourselves in books. |
A.Positive. | B.Negative |
C.Uncaring. | D.Tolerant. |
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I’m no literary Luddite (反对新技术的人). I bought an iPad with my first paycheck from my first full-time job after graduating from college. But after two years of reading occasionally on the device, I gave it away to my brother. It just wasn’t the right reading experience for me.
Technology lovers choose e-readers over books because e-readers are more convenient. They’re right. It is objectively easier to carry a 7oz (盎司) tablet with thousands and thousands of books at your fingertips than it is to carry five books in your bag, which is exactly what I did on vacation.
But I don’t read for convenience. I read to learn more about the world and myself. I have made friends by seeing a book cover in a cafe and noticing that it was the same title that I was reading. I can trace my life by the books that have been my companions. When I open an old book and come across my previously scribbled notes — shaky ones when I’ve been reading on the subway, covered in sand if I read it at the beach, next to a train ticket if I was traveling — I am able to add an extra level of personal depth and experience to the story I am about to reread. It’s just not enough to simply consuming the story, which is what e-readers are great for.
When I read paper books, I hold onto them for long periods of time. I just purchased a new bookshelf specially for my “to be read” pile. Once in a while, I go through the process of deciding which books to donate, but usually the idea of parting with a book feels like giving away a part of my soul.
Physical books may not be the most efficient medium, but they are the most meaningful. So keep your Kindle, by all means. But I’ll be happy hoarding with my library.
1. Why did the author give his iPad to his brother?2. What can the author get when he sees his notes in an old book?
3. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
● The author loves physical books and he usually gives them away when he finishes reading them.
4. What is your favourite book? And why? (about 40 words)
【推荐2】Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us.” I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation.
We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.”
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate.
For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school—one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.’s.
Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness.” I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies (独白) read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.
1. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to __________.A.realize our dreams | B.give support to our life |
C.awake our emotions | D.smooth away difficulties |
A.Because they spent much time reading it. |
B.Because they had similar life experiences. |
C.Because they came from a public school. |
D.Because they had read the novel before. |
A.she was a literary-minded girl | B.her parents were immigrants |
C.her father was then in prison | D.she couldn’t fit in with her class |
A.advocate teaching literature to touch the heart |
B.introduce classic works of literature |
C.argue for equality among high school students |
D.defend the current testing system |
by Helaia Fox
If you're looking for a moving story that explores themes of mental illness, grief (悲痛), and love, pick up a copy of How It Feels to Float and follow Biz as she comes of age. This moving novel will stay with you long after you finish reading it.
Two Can Keep a Secret
by Karen M. MeManus
Put on your crime-solving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders. As threats and clues pile up, you’ll be burning the midnight oil trying to finish the book before dawn.
Forest of a Thousand Lanterns
by Julie C. Dao
The first book in the Rise of the Empress series takes the bones of a traditional fairy tale — a poor girl fated for power, an evil queen determined to stop her, love for someone who doesn't love back and magic — and gives them a richly imagined East Asian setting.
Dune
by Frank Herbert
If the Star Wars movies have made you fall in love with the space opera, eventually you're going to read Frank Herbert's most famous creation. The story of centuries-old political plotting — about warring factions (派系) battling over control of the extremely valuable planet Arrakis — is a classic and remains a wonderful introduction to the larger, more complex world of science fiction just beyond the Star Wars trilogies.
1. What is How It Feels to Float mainly about?A.The murder of a teenage girl. |
B.A girl's space adventures. |
C.Challenges of growing up. |
D.A poor girl with special powers. |
A.A fairy tale. | B.A science-fiction story. |
C.A love story. | D.A detective story. |
A.How It Feels to Float | B.Two Can Keep a Secret |
C.Forest of a thousand Lanterns | D.Dune |
【推荐1】Business meetings are, arguably, a necessary part of any organization where people work collectively to accomplish a goal. But badly managed, meetings can be unproductive, boring and feel like a complete waste of time. In a recent survey conducted by technology firm eShare, it was found that the average UK employee spends over 10 hours weekly preparing for and attending meetings—approximately 50% of which they consider unnecessary. However, there are theories that technology could improve things.
It’s very workable for an AI to be able to recognise when one person is controlling a meeting, or if a circular discussion keeps returning to a single issue. “If no new points are made after a while, the AI could suggest wrapping up a meeting,” says Cynthia Rudin, a computer science professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But AI isn’t quite there yet.
“If AI can do most of the dull work during meetings, that leaves more space for humans to think about strategy and vision,” believes Niki Iliadis at the Big Innovation centre. This seems to be true. Osaka in Japan started using an AI as a minute taker (会议记录员) to record and summarise the 450 annual meetings. It has halved the time needed to produce summaries and cut staff overtime. AI can also help with the matter of attendance. If a meeting with irrelevant subject matter is called, or if it’s an inconvenient time, an AI could be used to decide who should attend the meeting and when it should be. Finally participants can make open-ended responses, exchange comments or vote in multiple-choice quizzes. This has fundamentally changed the atmosphere of a presentation.
While tools that can create agendas, send meeting invitations and keep track of action items should improve effectiveness, they are still in development. Let’s hope that if or when they do arrive, they will meet our expectations.
1. The writer may agree with the fact that .A.surveyed UK employees believe that about 50% of meetings are unnecessary. |
B.average UK employee spends over 20 hours weekly preparing for and attending meetings |
C.all the meetings are fruitless, boring and a complete waste of time. |
D.it’s impossible for an AI to know when one person is controlling a meeting |
A.cancelling | B.beginning |
C.completing | D.organizing |
A.make open-ended responses | B.decide when the meeting should be |
C.think about strategy and vision | D.vote in multiple-choice quizzes |
A.The Future Belongs to AI | B.The Future of Business Meetings |
C.What Will Become of AI | D.Can AI Save Us from Bad Meetings? |
【推荐2】Time to unfriend Facebook?
For the past 18 months, communicating the findings of science to the world has hit what sometimes seems like an all-time low. Never mind the years of failure in convincing much of the public about climate change; the pandemic has revealed shocking ineptness(拙劣)by the scientific establishment at conveying messages about masks, vaccination, or the dangers of consuming horse drugs and aquarium cleaners—even in the face of a rising death toll from COVID-19. One puzzling element of this crisis is how social media has been skillfully exploited by antiscience forces. Given all of this, what is the right move for science communication as it relates to social media? Unfriend Facebook or beat it at its own game?
A few months ago, New York Times reporters Cecilia Kang and Sheera Frenkel published An Ugly Truth: Inside Facebook’s Battle for Domination, in which they explored how the world’s largest social network, Facebook, fills its coffers by exploiting the viral spread of misinformation while trying to convince everyone of its noble mission to connect the world. Kang told me that she believes the algorithms and business practices of Facebook and other social media companies that encourage misinformation erect huge barriers, keeping people from paying attention to authoritative scientific information. Her ideas for combating this begin with understanding two kinds of misinformation that propagate through these powerful social networks. One is the news that is blatantly wrong. These posts are sometimes taken down but mostly flagged by Facebook’s algorithms with a disclaimer, which most people ignore. This has only a minor effect on stopping their spread. Kang sees an even bigger problem: the misinformation that arises from conversational posts among individuals. This kind of informal misinformation is frustrating because it’s not easy to police the people you know from saying crazy things on Facebook. The result is that both kinds of misinformation tend to rise to the top of Facebook’s news feeds because they get more engagement than posts about recent research findings reported in scholarly scientific articles or even in the mainstream press.
Communicating about research in real time is hard because science is always a work in progress, with caveats and answers that are not always definitive. That doesn’t translate well to social media or Facebook’s algorithms that determine which posts to promote. “Oftentimes that kind of content just does not work well in terms of engagement,” Kang said, “because it’s not the kind of stuff that people will immediately try to share.” The antiscience opposition doesn’t care about the caveats. Kang pointed out that “super figures” on social media, such as Ben Shapiro and Dan Bongino, have built up a loyal following of people who will believe them no matter what.
As tempting as it may be for frustrated scientists to simply delete their Facebook accounts and avoid this dreck, Kang believes that a better approach for them is to engage more aggressively by being “out there,” competing for people’s attention by the same rules. Refusing to play hardball on the social media field is not serving science or society well. The pandemic has seen the rise of numerous scientists on Twitter who have amassed relatively large followings, but their presence on Facebook is much smaller. Although Twitter is a powerful platform for political messages that get liked and retweeted, people tend to trust individuals they know on Facebook, making it powerful for changing hearts and minds. To do battle in this arena, science will need to find its own super figures who can compete directly with the Shapiros and Bonginos of the antiscience world. Some of these new figures might be practicing scientists, and some might be science communicators. What is crucial is a knack for cutting through the caveats and conditions and forcefully conveying the bottom line. Like their opponents, they need to be adept at strategically exploiting the algorithms that can push a post to the forefront or bury it in the never-ending racket.
Since the end of World War II, scientists have stick to the idea that if they stay objective and state the science, then the rest of the world will follow. As the pandemic cycles on, it’s time to face the fact that this old notion is naive.
1. Correct science information can’t convey to the public because .A.The scientists are incapable. |
B.The government doesn’t want to alarm the public. |
C.The organization which against science is too strong. |
D.The public are not willing to receive the information. |
A.We shouldn’t use Facebook. |
B.Most information released on Facebook is unreal. |
C.Scientists on Facebook are frequently banned to post their thoughts. |
D.Facebook is becoming a tool of scientists. |
A.By using misleading algorithms. |
B.By deleting the posts of some scientists’. |
C.By stopping their services. |
D.By setting obstacles caused by information asymmetry(信息不对称). |
A.The government should not intervene the activities of netizens. |
B.Facebook should relax their control towards the information about the pandemic. |
C.It is ridiculous for the society to ban the useful and trustworthy messages. |
D.The government should publish things about pandemic to comfort the public. |
【推荐3】Throughout history, music spread among people of different cultures.In today’s technological advanced society, however, people spread music online, sometimes without an artist’s permission.This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now cracking down on this practice.Sharing music online without permission is theft (盗窃).
Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money from their efforts.They say that sharing music online has resulted in a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years.People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 downloaded.To truly understand the influence of music piracy (盗版) on creators, one must understand how many people are involved in the recording process.For the sale of each album, profits must be shared between musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company selling the product.Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business for all companies involved.
There are many people who don’t see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right to do it.One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material whatever he wants.While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to provide permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.
Although we don’t spread today’s music the same way we did before, there’s no doubt that people around the world love to share music.However, internet piracy would prevent musicians from continuing producing albums for fear of theft.Therefore, if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profit to continue their music careers.
1. The underlined phrase “cracking down on” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.A.bringing up carefully | B.speaking highly of |
C.dealing seriously with | D.destroying completely |
A.artists are taking action to protect their right |
B.sharing music files online affects a lot of people |
C.online music sharing increases sales of music CD |
D.a person who bought a CD has the right to share it online with others |
A.Topic—Argument—Explanation | B.Opinion—Discussion—Description |
C.Main idea—Comparison—Supporting statements | D.Introduction—Supporting statements |
A.Music Piracy is Theft | B.Is Sharing Music Right? |
C.What is Music Piracy? | D.Music Piracy is Good for Music Lovers |