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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:100 题号:17535507

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show uneasiness or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as uncomfortable. Therefore, they attempt to fill every gap. People in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating, as traditional Chinese and Thai people do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people. For example, Russian, French and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients experience. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to help patients.

1. What can we learn about silence in conversations from Paragraph 1?
A.It varies with culture.
B.It is a sign of boredom.
C.It improves friendship.
D.It is used to show anger.
2. Which of the following groups might use silence to show agreement?
A.The Chinese.B.The Thais.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.
3. What should nurses do about silence according to the text?
A.Break it as soon as possible.
B.Let it go as the patients please.
C.Use its value to help patients.
D.Explain its harm to their patients.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A.Usages of Silence
B.Different Meanings of Silence
C.Sounds and Silence
D.Silence Is Gold in Some Cultures
【知识点】 说明文 文化差异

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【推荐1】Whom should you marry? Where should you live? How should you spend your time? For centuries, people have relied on their sixth sense to figure out answers to these life-changing questions. However, now as amounts of information about all aspects of human behaviour have become more and more accessible, we can use this big data to help decide on the best choice.

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Another way to be happier is to marry well. Here, too, data is offering us new insights. One study by 86 researchers collected information on more than 11,000 romantic couples. They used machine learning models to understand what predicts romantic satisfaction. They found many highly desired features, such as a partner’s attractiveness and height, have just about no relation with long-term happiness. Instead, psychological (心理上的) qualities, such as having a so-called “growth mindset”, were likely to play a bigger part in developing romantic satisfaction.

These are the early days of the data revolution (革命) in personal decision-making. I am not claiming that we can completely outsource our lifestyle choices to algorithms (算法), though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by referring to evidence from thousands or millions of people who faced difficulties similar to ours. And we can do that now.

1. Why does the author put forward several questions at paragraph 1?
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4. What is the author’s attitude to big data in personal decision making?
A.Opposed.B.Supportive.C.Unconcerned.D.Doubtful.
2023-01-11更新 | 272次组卷
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