Starting this fall, primary and middle school students in China will have at least one weekly course on labor education, according to a new curriculum standard released by the Ministry of Education (MOE).
Labor education ranges from household chores to on-campus labor and community volunteer services, generally 3 types according to the new standards: the first refers to everyday chores, including cleaning, organizing, cooking, and using and maintaining home appliances (家电); next is productive labor, including agriculture, making traditional handicrafts (手工艺品), and applying new technologies such as 3D printing; the third type is service work, including volunteer work. The new curriculum also calls for a week of extra-curricular and off-campus activities designed for labor education once every school year.
A recent study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spend an average of 12 minutes a day on chores, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France. Many countries start students’ labor education at a young age. Finland begins to develop students’ life skills in primary school. Spinning, woodworking, cooking and other craftsmanship classes are offered. In Germany, pupils have two labor classes per week. Electronics, office technology, sewing, housekeeping, and career guidance are all taught there.
Adding labor education was out of concern that the country’s youngsters do too little housework and look down on manual labor (体力劳动) jobs. Due to great academic pressure, schools tend to put their academic curricula on the top, and parents sometimes see household chores as distractions. But, according to the MOE, labor education must be strengthened to help students develop social values, an interest in labor and finally an all-around development.
1. What is the purpose of adding labor education?A.To enrich the students’ off-campus life. |
B.To improve the students’ performance on learning. |
C.To help students achieve an all-around development. |
D.To follow the education mode of some western countries. |
A.The history of labor education. |
B.The content of labor education. |
C.The significance of labor education. |
D.The future development of labor education. |
A.They start labor education in the middle school. |
B.There are a wide variety of labor education courses. |
C.It is viewed more important than academic learning. |
D.Students spend more than 30 minutes on housework daily. |
A.A week of extracurricular activities is a must every term. |
B.Students decide whether to take the courses on their own. |
C.Specially-designed courses have been applied for many years. |
D.The school has to recognize the importance of labor education. |
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【推荐1】How can we use scientific design to change the world and take better care of our environment? In this course, you will learn about our natural resources and explore renewable energy through problem solving in a multi-science class.
________
Solving any problem begins with recognizing it! But where do you begin? In this multi-science class, you will investigate global issues facing the world today and how people make changes in their communities. You will both discuss and put into practice creative and persuasive ways to influence policymakers and community organizations. Furthermore, you will create your own political community at the Harkness table that will inspire you to learn by doing.
Energy and Innovation
In this multi-science class, you will investigate biological, physical, and chemical aspects of Earth’s working systems and how they relate to climate change. Its impacts are far reaching and thus will require forward thinking and planning. Your ideas and creativity will be needed to compare and contrast the benefits and costs of energy alternatives as we discuss and problem solve our planet’s path into the future.
Art: Transform the World
In this studio class we will develop our creative powers. Drawing on natural sciences, we will engage with perspectives of life on Earth. Our materials will be newspapers, recycled cardboard, and other things that are often thrown away. Working with our hands and tools, we will transform wastes into objects useful. In this class you will discover your artistic talent, learn about form, image and technique, and cooperate to create pieces for the final Student Art Exhibit.
1. Which of the following might be the name of the class?A.Political Science | B.Green Organizations |
C.Global Changes | D.Practical Policymaker |
A.solve political problems | B.make a plan for their future |
C.change the world through pictures | D.explore the Earth’s working system |
A.They conduct scientific experiments. |
B.They develop personal interests. |
C.They need creative design. |
D.They use renewable energy. |
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1. This advertisement aims at calling on people to ________.
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【推荐3】You see them in the halls, going toward their classes in a hurry. Their faces are pale with tiredness; their bodies are bent under the weight of a dozen textbooks. They are the ones struggling to hold back a yawn during class. They are the chosen few. They are the Advanced Placement(AP,大学预修课程)students.
The truth is, honors students are no longer a select few. Over half of university-bound students take AP classes, and of these, most take at least two. The AP system drills it into us that our college success depends on taking as many advanced courses as possible, but is it really worth it? “On average, I spend three to four hours each day on homework,” says one senior who is taking five AP classes. “With the number I’m taking, I really doubt whether I will be confidently going into each test.”
With increasing pressure to attend AP courses, not only for college credits but also for the weighted GPA(平均成绩), it is no wonder that students often find their grades suffering and their stress increasing. In reality, AP courses have become mere rewards, adding little to a competitive college application.
One of the major disadvantages in the AP system is that every class is fitted into a standardized test. The result is that comprehensive learning is sacrificed for test preparation, with teachers spending the most time on topics likely to appear on the AP exam.
And that a student receives a high grade on the AP test does not mean he or she will receive the college credit. Many universities now don’t consider an AP class in high school to be the same as an actual undergraduate college-level class, which is usually a three-hour, lecture-based course with varying degrees of homework.
1. What can we learn about AP students?A.They are exhausted from AP classes. |
B.They are the select few top students. |
C.They take two AP classes at most each term. |
D.They will gain confidence by taking more AP classes. |
A.More focus on stress relief. | B.Less comprehensive learning. |
C.Great chances of college admission. | D.Decline of academic competitiveness. |
A.Positive. | B.Objective. | C.Negative. | D.Supportive. |
【推荐1】With 1,500 square miles to explore, from its romantic attractions to its wild landscapes and the easy rural lifestyle, there are no decent public facilities but certainly no shortage of beautiful places to stay with the Lake District. See below our hand-picked selection.
Ulverston
Lined with charming cobbled(铺鹅卵石的) streets, Ulverston is a pretty historic market town located just South of the Lake District. It is a delightful escape from the crowd-filled attractions in the Southern Lakes, yet is just a stone’s throw away from them.
Grasmere
Grasmere is forever linked to the world-renowned Lakeland poets, most notably William Wordsworth. Each year, many make the travel to Dove Cottage in Grasmere, where some of Wordsworth’s most famous works were written. From towering peaks to tasty treats,a holiday in Grasmere would also not be complete without a taste of the famous Grasmere Gingerbread that’s been made here since the mid-19th century.
Cartmel
Home to many traditional stone buildings and charming scenery, Cartmel is a primitive village in South Cumbria. Appreciating the colorful glass windows and sculptures makes it a memorable visit. Cartmel’s sticky pudding,a traditional English dessert from this Lake District village, is a must-try. Cartmel’s restaurants and pubs provide a wide range of food and drink to recharge the batteries after an exhausting hike.
Kendal
Known as the gateway to the Lakes, Kendal is a busy town hosting a selection of restaurants and shops, which makes it an excellent touring base. You can also enjoy the surrounding views of landscapes and lakes from the hilltop. Both Windermere and the Cumbrian coast are easy to reach, making it a fine location for lovers of both coast and countryside.
1. What attract the travelers to the Lake District?A.Luxurious facilities. |
B.Mysterious adventures. |
C.Leisurely countryside sights. |
D.Convenient transportation systems. |
A.Ulverston. | B.Grasmere. | C.Cartmel. | D.Kendal. |
A.Charge the battery for free. |
B.Taste a unique local snack. |
C.Bicycle in the old village. |
D.Admire modern architectures. |
【推荐2】Colorado; a place we usually associate with snow-capped mountains and green grassy meadows, winter skiing, and kayaking in its clear, mirror-like lakes. But did you know the state is also home to a 30-square-mile sand dune (沙丘) field?
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/28/2967870452105216/2968498917605376/STEM/93f349f7b8ce495896acfd943f04ce8c.png?resizew=220)
Nestled on the eastern edge of the San Luis Valley, and beside the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, this fantastic landscape features dunes that are up to 750 feet high and are perfect for hiking, camping, and photo opportunities.
The tallest sand dunes in North America are situated in the diverse landscape of wetlands, forests, mountainous lakes, tundra, and grasslands — providing a patchwork of color. Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve is so unusual and unique, in fact, that it is a protected landscape under the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The four main components of the sand dune system are the mountain watershed, the dune field itself, the sand sheet — a flat plot of sand with large grains — and the sabkha — a coastal mudflat or sandflat. The dunes were formed over tens of thousands of years by sediments (沉积物) from the surrounding mountains that filled the valley. In addition, as the lakes in the valley retreated, exposed sand was blown by the winds, resulting in dunes.
The park was originally labelled a protected area back in 1932, by President Hoover, after fears of gold mining or concrete manufacturing alarmed residents of the nearby Alamosa and Monte Vista cities, who then petitioned Congress asking for protection. The area was eventually upgraded from a national monument to a national park and preserve in 2004.
It contains a mind-boggling 1.2 cubic miles — or 5 billion cubic meters — of sand. Evidence of human habitation, however, dates back to 11,000 years, with the first historic peoples to inhabit the region being the Southern Ute Tribes.
Now, visitors have numerous activities to enjoy — from sandboarding and sand sledding to four-wheel driving. But the best adventure comes at nightfall; the adventurous can backpack over sand dunes to pitch a tent and enjoy the stunning starry night skies when the sun goes down. (Although backpackers will need a permit and can be required at the visitor’s center.) The park’s elevation at 8.200ft and rural location makes it a favorite with dark sky stargazers, with park officials offering special astronomy programs from May to September.
Overnighters can bask in the still silence, indulge in this remote, isolated region of the county, and be soothed to sleep by the wind whistling through the dunes. If you want to camp out, but backcountry isn’t your style, Piñon Flats Cam pground is nearby and run by the National Park Service, with 44 sites that are first-come, first-served, with a further 44 sites that can be reserved.
By day, tourists can hike to the summit of Star Dune, the tallest dune in the park, while Crestone Needle, Cleveland Peak, and Mount Herard also offer challenging elevation climbs.
And, as the park also offers special sand wheelchairs (it’s recommended to reserve one in advance), everyone can enjoy this stunning, once-in-a-lifetime experience in the sand dunes of Colorado.
1. Dunes came into being due to the fact that ________ .A.lakes in the valleys were blown dry due to the climate change in history |
B.human overexploitation of resources drained the water in the valley |
C.thousands of years of deposits from mountains filled the valley |
D.deposits from mountains and wind blow on the drained lakes played a common role |
A.President Hoover urged people to have a place for hiking and camping as a restoration |
B.The locals were deeply concerned about the consequences of gold mining on the environment |
C.Residents of the nearby Alamosa and Monte Vista cities were too obsessed with gold mining |
D.President Hoover wanted to keep the tallest dunes in the area as a world record |
A.the sand field features its dunes that are up to 750 feet high, a record in the world |
B.according to the Southern Ute Tribes, their ancestors had already inhabited in the sand dune field 11,000 years ago |
C.the park’s location and height make it unique for stargazers to observe the night skies |
D.88 sites for camping are available for tourists in sand dunes area, with advanced reservation required |
A.A Fantastic Place for Stargazers | B.President Hoover’s Decision |
C.Camping on the Dunes | D.Exploitation on Dunes |
【推荐3】Water equals life. This is true for people, animals and plants. And while water is plentiful in some locations, this is not the case all over the world. Now scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) may have developed a way to change that.
The new desalination (脱盐) device produces water actually above the World Health Organization standards, just by pushing a button. There are no filters (过滤器) required, and the device uses electrical power to remove salt and other particles (微粒) — including bacteria and viruses — from the saltwater. This reduces the need for constant maintenance.
Most commercially available portable desalination units use filters that require high-pressure pumps to push the water, which makes them huge in size and less energy efficient. The filterless MIT device will allow it to be used in remote or resource-limited places like small islands, ships, and even for emergency use.
The device took years to develop. After running tests in the lab with water that had different salinity and particles, it was tested at Boston’s Carson Beach. The device produced drinkable water in just half an hour.
The new desalination unit needs less power than a cell phone charger, reported Fast Company, and works using two types of electrical fields to filter the saltwater. But best of all, it is designed to be used by average people and not engineers. In fact, the device only has three buttons, one to power the device, one to start it, and one to stop it.
The researchers are still working on a final design that could use cheaper materials to make it ready by the end of next year. This small but mighty desalination unit may be the key to bringing safe water to a thirsty world.
1. What’s the advantage of the new desalination device?A.It’s convenient. | B.Ifs a lot cheaper. |
C.It has improved filters. | D.It has a larger output. |
A.By making comparisons. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By analyzing causes. | D.By listing figures. |
A.It requires much less power. |
B.It possesses two electrical fields. |
C.It can be easily operated by ordinary people. |
D.It is controlled by the same button. |
A.Deeper research finds new contents of seawater |
B.Better method improves the quality of drinking water |
C.Report shows a world thirsty for safe drinking water |
D.New portable device makes seawater drinkable on the way |