I am a boy who likes reading and I read all kinds of books. When I do this, I have ended up with two speeds—fast and slow depending on how worthwhile I find the book. I like to analyze and ponder over the words and contents of the books, which can sharpen my mind.
When I read the book Intrinsic Motivation(《内在动机》), I ask myself, “What kind of book is it?” Well, first of all, I have to say Dan Pink writes well, which is probably not surprising as he is a speechwriter for an American leader. The text is neither academically difficult nor overly casual. It states information clearly without effort. The subject matter of the book is motivation, and it starts with a discussion of how external motivation is less effective for modern knowledge work, where wide intelligent decision-making and innovation are essential.
The book shows that the tricky nature of how we are truly motivated is uncovered with plenty of examples and descriptions of sound research. For example, it is shown how payment can signal that a task is undesirable and so reduce intrinsic motivation. The heart of the book is the analysis of intrinsic motivation, in particular through the three key elements of autonomy, mastery and purpose. The rest of the book then takes an applied position, showing how these principles can be applied in the workplace. The book ends up with a comprehensive summary, covering the contents from several different angles and providing an easy future reference.
This is the sort of book I like most. Unsurprisingly, perhaps, I took quite a long time to read and re-read this excellent book. It covers the subject of motivation strongly and well. and is now one of my definitive references in a rather large library.
1. What does the underlined phrase “ponder over” in paragraph I mean?A.Think about. | B.Speak out. | C.Cut down. | D.Take over. |
A.The effects of external motivation. | B.The elements of worthwhile books. |
C.The author’s understanding of the book. | D.The author’s intelligence for reading books. |
A.By listing statistics. | B.By making assumptions. |
C.By drawing comparisons. | D.By highlighting instances. |
A.A book review. | B.A biography. | C.A novel. | D.A news report. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Until the Road Ends (By Phil Earle)
In this Second World War story, Peggy and her dog Beau are separated when she is sent to the countryside for safety. Left behind in the city, Beau becomes an unlikely hero, searching the streets and helping families as bombs (炸弹) fall around them. Will he and Peggy ever be reunited?
Finding Bear (By Hannah Gold)
In the continuation of The Last Bear, April is home from her adventure but she can't stop thinking about Bear. When she hears that a polar bear has been shot and injured in Svalbard, she believes it is her friend and she sets out on a journey to the northernmost reaches of the Arctic to find him.
Calling the Whales (By Jasbinder Bilan)
Tulsi and her friend Satchen discover a whale trapped in a fishing net. Aiming to free the creature, they repeatedly dive (潜水) down into the sea. But in the end, they have to accept the failure. Heading home to ask for help, they get caught in a storm and their boat overturns. Just as they think all is lost, help arrives from an unexpected source.
City of Horses (By Frances Moloney)
Thirteen-year-old Misty’s life is turned upside down when she has to move far away from her friends. Her new home is on an estate (庄园) where horses run free, and she soon gets to know Dylan, a mysterious local boy who loves horses. When the horses come under threat, Misty must find the courage to help save her new home.
1. Which book is set in a war?A.Finding Bear. | B.Until the Road Ends. |
C.Calling the Whales. | D.City of Horses. |
A.Hannah Gold. | B.Phil Earle. |
C.Jasbinder Bilan. | D.Frances Moloney. |
A.They remind people of the future. | B.They show high technology. |
C.They offer advice on raising animals. | D.They are about adventures with animals. |
【推荐2】You can’t just rely on textbooks to learn English, if you want to learn a foreign language well. Actually, you need an excellent language environment. This does not mean that you have to move abroad or live with foreigners. It is also a good way to read the original books, and the best and most reliable ones are the classics. Here are four famous books. Let’s see which one you are most interested in.
Ulysses
Ulysses did “stream of consciousness” before the term existed, and it’s also a complicated (难懂的) novel filled with references, wordplay, confusing jokes, and intense, personal reflections by the characters.
Moby-Dick
Moby-Dick has a fame for being very dull. Melville’s novel wasn’t received well on publication (it took decades before people really started to realize how great it is), and the negative evaluation (评价) is repeated every year when students are forced to read it.
Pride and Prejudice
Pride and Prejudice is a masterpiece in the literary world, being the inspiration, basis, and model for so many modern novels. You’re probably more familiar with its plot (情节) and characters than you think. For a book written in the early 19th century, its modernity is surprising only until you realize this is the novel that in many ways defines what a modern novel is.
The Big Sleep
It’s true that the book is written in what seems to modern audiences like a self-consciously tough style, peppered with old-fashioned expressions, and the plot is famously complicated, even for a mystery. It actually has several loose ends that never get solved, but it doesn’t matter.
1. Which book failed to be popular at first?A.Ulysses. | B.Moby-Dick. | C.Pride and Prejudice. | D.The Big Sleep. |
A.It is full of confusing jokes. | B.It is famous for its dullness. |
C.It is a typical modern novel. | D.It has some mysterious (神秘的) ends. |
A.A textbook. | B.An English magazine. |
C.A travel brochure. | D.A novel. |
【推荐3】The Way Home Looks Now
• Author: Wendy Wan-Long Shang
• Number of pages: 272
• Price: $17
• The basic story line: After Peter’s older brother, 16- year-old Nelson, dies in a car accident, all the joy disappears from Peter's family. In order to help his family recover, Peter decides to join a baseball team. Can the game his family love bring them back together?
The Water and the Wild
• Author: K. E. Ormsbee
• Number of pages: 448
• Price: $19
• The basic story line: Lottie, a young girl, has received gifts from a mysterious(神秘的) source every year for her birthday. When she wishes for medicine for her sick friend Eliot, she is taken through an apple tree to a world of sprites (精灵). On her way to find the medicine, she comes across lots of difficulties in that world.
Gone Crazy in Alabama
• Author, Rita Williams-Garcia
• Number of pages: 304
• Price: $14
• The basic story line: Three young sisters, Delphine, Vonetta, and Fern, travel from their home in New York to a small village in Alabama. They plan to spend the summer holiday with their grandmother, Ma Charles. Across the river lives Ma Charlese’s sister. Miss Trotter, The two haven’t spoken to each other for years. What is keeping the sisters apart? Three girls decide to help.
Raising Rufus
• Author: David Fulk
• Number of pages: 272
• Price: $21
• The basic story line: One day, 12-year-old Martin Tinker picks up a strange-shaped rock. Some days later, Martin finds the rock is actually an egg when it hatches into a baby dinosaur (恐龙)! Martin names him Rufus. Rufus grows fast. Can Martin hide his beloved Rufus from the outside world and find him a happy home?
1. How many books can one buy at most with only forty dollars?A.One. | B.Two. |
C.Three. | D.Four. |
A.They are all about real stories. |
B.They are about the same topic. |
C.Their main characters are all kids. |
D.They art all popular among the young. |
A.Martin loves Rufus very much |
B.Lottie has much difficulty in getting the medicine. |
C.Peter's older brother Nelson loved playing baseball |
D.The sisters come to Alabama in order to help Ma Charles and her sister. |
【推荐1】Millions of New Yorkers and visitors ride the city’s subway and other trains each day. The public transportation system offers more than just a trip, however. It also has one of the most extensive public art collection in the world,with much of it under city streets.
Some people call it New York’s “underground art museum”. It includes more than 250 works of art. They are meant to brighten everyone’s ride around the city. There is a huge painting of the night sky on the ceiling of Grand Central Terminal. New Yorkers have been looking up at that artwork for 100 years.
Sandra Bloodworth has directed the Metropolitan Transportation Authority’s arts program since it began in 1985.“But actually, it really began much earlier. When the subway was founded in 1904, a percentage of money was set aside to create a special ornamentation (装饰) within the system, in order to make the place a very special place that people would want to use.”he says. For the past 30 years, artists have been asked to make works that relate to city life or to the neighborhood around a train station. There are coastal scenes at stations near the Atlantic Ocean.
Rider Tonya Pierre praises the underground art.“When I’m stressed, I look at the subway art. I love the colors.Where I live, they have a mosaic (镶嵌画) of a man and a woman, like floating across the water, and it’s beautiful.It’s just beautiful to have art everywhere.”Nearby is Alejandra Acosta,a visitor from Colombia.“I think it’s nice when you see these kinds of things that catch your eye when you’re walking in spaces like the subway stations that seem a little bit dull. They don’t have a lot of decoration.”
1. Which can best explain the underlined word“extensive”in paragraph 1?A.Expensive. | B.Reliable. | C.Wide. | D.Peaceful. |
A.It shows many art collections. |
B.A huge painting is in the subway. |
C.There’s a museum in the subway station. |
D.New Yorkers prefer underground art. |
A.The map of New York s subway. |
B.The New Yorkers’ special way of life. |
C.The development of New York’s subway. |
D.The city life or nearby sights around the subway. |
A.Unusual | B.Wonderful | C.Traditional | D.Dull |
【推荐2】Hidden in the trees, behind the leaves, look closely and you’ll see eyes staring back at you. This is SlothBot, a robot inspired by the famously slow animal-sloth (树獭).
For the next several months, visitors to the Atlanta Botanical Garden will be able to observe the testing of the new high-tech tool in the battle to save some of the world’s most endangered species. Researchers are testing the SlothBot near the Garden’s popular Canopy Walk.
Built to take advantage of the low-energy lifestyle of real sloths, SlothBot demonstrates how being slow can be ideal for certain applications. Powered by solar panels and using innovative power management technology, SlothBot moves along a cable strung between two large trees as it monitors temperature, weather, carbon dioxide levels, and other information in the Garden’s 30-acre midtown Atlanta forest.
“Slowness is a design principle of SlothBot,” says Magnus Egerstedt, professor and chair in the Georgia Institute of Technology’s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. “That is not how robots are typically designed today, but being slow and energy-efficient will allow SlothBot to stay in the environment to observe things we can only see by being present continuously for months, or even years.”
About three feet long, SlothBot’s imaginative 3D-printed shell helps protect its motors, gearing, batteries and sensing equipment from the weather. The robot is programmed to move only when necessary, and will locate sunlight when its batteries need recharging.
“The most exciting goal we’ll demonstrate with SlothBot is the union of robotics and technology with conservation,” says Emily Coffey, vice president for conservation and research at the Garden. “We do conservation research on endangered plants and ecosystems around the world, and SlothBot will help us find new and exciting ways to advance our research and conservation goals.”
“SlothBot could do some of our research remotely and help us understand what’s happening with pollinators(传粉者), interactions between plants and animals, and other phenomena that are difficult to observe otherwise," Coffey adds.
1. What do the researchers expect SlothBot to do?A.Guard the garden. | B.Attract visitors. |
C.Protect real sloths. | D.Help endangered species. |
A.SlothBot. | B.Slowness |
C.A design principle. | D.A low-energy style. |
A.It always stays still. | B.It can pollinate the plants. |
C.Its shell provides protection for itself. | D.Its design will be used to study the ocean. |
A.A Slow-moving Sloth Begins Life in a Garden |
B.A New Robot Helps Raise Endangered Animals |
C.A New Study Aids Conservation Efforts in Atlanta |
D.A Conservation Robot Slowly Monitors Endangered Species |
【推荐3】Every Saturday morning, as the clock strikes 9 am, over 50,000 eager runners set off on a 5km journey around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon, which originally began as a small gathering among a group of friends, has now boosted 400 events across the UK and numerous others globally. These events, fueled by the dedication of thousands of volunteers, offer a free and inclusive opportunity for individuals of all ages and abilities to participate. Runners range from four-year-olds to grandparents whose finishing times vary greatly, spanning from Andrew Baddeley’s world record of 13 minutes and 48 seconds to leisurely strolls lasting over an hour.
Parkru n is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” has failed. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympics would be held in London. Planning documents promised that the lasting legacy of the Games would be to move a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. This obviously has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012, but the general population had already been growing faster than this number. Worse yet, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have been nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children alike. Official retrospections (回顾) continue to speculate as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation”. The success of Parkrun can offer us some answers.
Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. Its concept welcomes everybody. There is as much joy for a puffed-out (上气不接下气) first-timer being clapped over the line as there is for the sport’s top talent. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was off-putting to newcomers.
Indeed, there is something a little weird in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots” concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be in getting involved in providing common public goods — making sure that there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments are to blame for selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.
1. What does the first paragraph reveal about Parkrun?A.It has created numerous employment opportunities. |
B.It has gained increasing popularity worldwide. |
C.It has promoted stronger community ties. |
D.It has gained official recognition as an official festival. |
A.stimulate population growth | B.promote engagement in sports |
C.improve the city’s reputation | D.extend sport hours in schools |
A.aims to discover new talent |
B.prioritizes mass competition |
C.doesn’t stress athletic excellence |
D.isn’t intended for first-timers |
A.organize “grassroots” sporting events |
B.supervise local sports associations |
C.increase the funding for sports clubs |
D.invest in public sports facilities |