Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring—the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year—the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. Gen Zs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that’s tighter than it’s been in decades. And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.
If “entitled” is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those born between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are “practical and cautious”. According to the career counselors and expert who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragmatists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren’t interested in taking any chances. The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. College loan balances in the U.S. now stand at a record $1.5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.
One survey from Accenture found that 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment (followed by professional development and training, and then inspiring purpose). Job security or stability was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one), followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the great good.
1. Generation Zs graduating college this spring ________ .| A．are recognized for their abilities |
| B．are in favor of job offers |
| C．are optimistic about the labor market |
| D．are drawing growing public attention |
| A．what a tough economic situation is like |
| B．what their parents expect of them |
| C．how they differ from past generations |
| D．how valuable a counselors advice is |
| A．define | B．relieve | C．maintain | D．deepen |
| A．care little about their job performance |
| B．give top priority to professional training |
| C．think it hard to achieve work-life balance |
| D．have a clear idea about their future job |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】The time a person spends on different smartphone apps is enough to identify them from a larger group in more than one in three cases, say researchers.
Researchers analyzed smartphone data from 780 people. They fed 4,680 days of app usage data into statistical models. Each of these days was paired with one of the 780 users so that the models learned people’s daily app use patterns.
The researchers then tested whether models could identify an individual when provided with only a single day of smartphone activity that was anonymous (匿名的). The models, which were trained on only six days of app usage data per person, could identify the correct person from a day of anonymous data one third of the time.
That might not sound like much, but when the models predict who the data belonged to, it could also provide a list of the most to the least likely candidates. It was possible to view the top 10 most likely individuals that a specific day of data belonged to. Around 75% of the time, the correct user would be among the top 10 most likely individuals.
In practical terms, a law enforcement (执法机构) investigation seeking to identify a criminal’s new phone with these models could reduce a candidate pool of approximately 1,000 phones to 10 phones, with a 25% risk of missing them.
Consequently, the researchers warn that software given access to a smartphone’s standard activity logging could make a reasonable prediction about a user’s identity even when they were logged-out of their account. An identification is possible without monitoring conversations or behaviors within apps themselves.
Therefore, it is important to acknowledge that app usage data alone, which is often collected by a smartphone automatically, can potentially reveal a person’s identity. While providing new opportunities for law enforcement, it also poses risks to privacy if this type of data is misused.
1. What is the purpose of the passage?| A．To explain an development. |
| B．To present a research finding. |
| C．To show a research process. |
| D．To confirm an assumption. |
| A．By recording app use time. |
| B．By comparing different apps. |
| C．By studying app usage data. |
| D．By changing app use patterns. |
| A．Locating criminals. |
| B．Tracking usage of apps. |
| C．Predicting trends of apps. |
| D．Recognizing phone users. |
| A．Supportive | B．Cautious. | C．Doubtful. | D．Uninterested. |
【推荐2】It takes eight hours and $250, 000 to get to what remains of the RMS Titanic. On Sunday, five people got into the underwater craft Titan to make that journey. The craft lost contact only an hour and 45 minutes into the eight-day expedition. Later wreckage (残骸) was found matching that of the craft. Despite the danger of traveling some 12, 500 feet below the surface, this was an irresistible opportunity — very few people get to see the Titanic with their own eyes. Actually, dives to the Titanic have been around for more than 20 years.
It wasn’t until 1985 that an expedition led by Robert Ballard and Jean-Louis Michel discovered the Titanic’s final resting place. In July 1986, Ballard placed a memorial on the ship, asking that the site be left undisturbed in memory of the more than 1, 500 people who died there.
But that didn’t happen. Instead, competition over who would be allowed to salvage (打捞) artifacts (文物) from the ship heated up. In part, it was an effort to document and conserve the artifacts - but it was also a rush for profits from artifact sales and public displays.
In 1992, a federal court ruled that TVLP was the first and exclusive salvor of the Titanic. Now known as RMS Titanic Inc. , the company has conducted eight expeditions to the Titanic, and has sold more than 5, 000 objects taken from the site, including jewelry.
While battles for visitation and salvage rights were fought in court, expeditions to the Titanic continued, giving rise to a small but pricey tourist market. Multiple companies offered public tours to explore the Titanic wreck, with prices ranging from $32, 500 to $105, 129 per person over the years. The Titanic was damaged significantly upon impact with the seabed, and slowly, iron-eating bacteria are consuming what remains. In 2019, a dive confirmed huge portions of the ship were collapsing. Today the surrounding site is littered with trash. Visitors have also littered the area with memorials. Attempts to protect the wreck are ongoing. In 2020, the United Kingdom and the United States agreed to work together to grant or deny licenses to people entering and taking artifacts from the site.
1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?| A．How people explored the Titanic | B．The danger of diving to the Titanic. |
| C．People’s strong interest in the Titanic | D．The details of Titanic expedition. |
| A．To mark the ship for further research. | B．To honor his dead teammates. |
| C．To celebrate his achievement. | D．To protect the ship’s remains. |
| A．Scientific exploration | B．Historical research |
| C．Economic interest | D．Technological development |
| A．It is being restored | B．It is being moved to a new place. |
| C．It is preserved in a museum. | D．It is under united protection. |
第四部分写作
第一节任务型阅读(共10小题；
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Fairview Elementary School, Modesto, California, with some 1,000 students from kindergarten through sixth grade (about 80 percent of them Latino), has long suffered from discipline (纪律) problems, poor test scores, and a near total lack of parental involvement. The difficulties aren't surprising given that many of the parents -- immigrants who work on farms or in factories -- speak little or no English.
Since 2002, Fairview Elementary School has been a First Amendment School, one of 97 developed across the country by the First Amendment Center. The idea behind the five-year-old program: To keep America strong, children must be trained to respect many points of view, weigh complex issues, and understand the freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution (宪法). As students learn good citizenship, the theory goes, they'll develop the skills and attitude to do well academically.
Fairview students enjoy" freedoms" other kids might envy (they voted to abolish school uniforms, for example). But the children don't just exercise rights. They also accept such responsibilities as speaking up during class discussions, and keeping the school clean and safe (Fairview is rated the cleanest of 33 schools in its district). In one departure from tradition, there’s no hand-raising in class. "Instead," says teacher Deborah Supnet, "we teach them to listen for when the other child stops talking. "Call it an exercise in respect.
Last year, the number of students evaluated advanced in math increased, from 15 to 30 percent. And Fairview graduates in their first middle-school mid-term exam averaged B grades; 96 percent passed all subjects. Particularly encouraging to Principal Rob Williams, the school now has an active parents' group, Parents With a Voice. One of those parents, Laura Malagon, praises the program for convincing her to play a more active role in her children's school fife.
Fresh ideas that are making the grade
| The 76. ______ | Students of Fairview Elementary School used to have trouble 77, ______ themselves and getting good grades. Their parents didn't get actively 78. ______ in their children’s school life. |
| The strategy | Students are trained to 79. ________ different opinions and get a better 80. ________ of the freedoms. Students learn to be good 81. ______ and improve their 82._______ per- formance. |
| The signs of success | Students 83. ________ on more responsibilities. A(n) 84. ________ number of students do well in math. Parents take a more active 85. ________ in their children’s school life. |
【推荐1】Small words may help you beat stress and improve your relationships. Use these tips to teach yourself a helpful and useful vocabulary.
I get to
“Many of us begin our day with the phrase ‘I have to’,” says Catherine Grace O’Connell, a self-development expert. “Changing this to ‘I get to’ has the possibility to change the way our day goes. “Even if you may not be happy about going to work or cooking dinner, saying that you “get to” do those things changes your attention to the positive aspects of those things.
Thank you
A lot of research has been done on why people — especially women — often don’t accept compliments smoothly. Language in Society found that women only accepted compliments 40 percent of the time, and Harvard Business Review found that almost 70 percent of people connected receiving compliments with a little shame or embarrassment. Does this sound familiar? She says, “I love that dress.” You say, “Oh this? I’ve had it for years.” Or,” You think? I’m not crazy about the color.” We often demean (贬低) ourselves while doing this. A better way to respond: Look the person in the eye and simply say, “Thank you.”
Not yet
Adding “yet” to the end of your words, especially when talking about abilities and goals. is a small but good way to change your attitude to life. “Add the word ‘yet’ to limiting comments,” suggests Kyndall Bennett, another self-development expert. “When we do this, we allow ourselves to accept the limiting thoughts as truths,” Bennett says. “Examples of this would be like, ‘I can’t speak a second language... yet’ and ‘I don’t know how to run my own business... yet.’” This works for everything from weight loss to relationships; it’s a way to add a certain optimism to your words.
1. What had you better do when receiving compliments?| A．Show modesty. | B．Explain reasons. |
| C．Say “Thank you”. | D．Present facts. |
| A．We will try to do that. | B．We have tried our best. |
| C．We apologize for a delay. | D．We have to cancel the plan. |
| A．To relax ourselves. | B．To stay positive to life. |
| C．To strengthen family ties. | D．To learn new vocabulary. |
【推荐2】Heat stress from extreme heat and humidity (湿度) will annually affect areas that are now home to 1.2 billion people by 2100, assuming current greenhouse gas emissions (排放), according to a Rutgers study.
Most climate studies on projected heat stress have focused too much on extreme heat but did not consider the role of humidity, which is another key driver. “When we look at the risks of a warmer planet, we need to pay particular attention to the combined effects of extreme heat and humidity, which are especially dangerous to human health.” said Robert E. Kopp, director of the Rutgers Institute of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences.
Rising global temperatures are increasing exposure to heat stress, which harms human health. Heat stress is caused by the body’s inability to cool down properly through sweating. Body temperature can rise rapidly, and high temperatures may damage the brain and other vital organs. What’s more, heat stress can result in heatstroke (中暑), which is the most serious heat-related illness, can kill or cause permanent disability without emergency treatment.
Annual exposure to extreme heat and humidity above safety guidelines will be projected to affect areas that are currently home to about 500 million people, if the planet warms by 1.5℃ and nearly 800 million at 2℃. The planet has already warmed by about 1.2℃ above late 19th century levels.
An estimated 1.2 billion people would be affected with 3℃ of warming, as expected by the end of this century under current global policies. That’s nearly four times the number of people affected today, and nearly 12 times the number who were affected in no industrial age.
1. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?| A．Many areas will be flooded by the end of 2100. |
| B．Exposure to polluted air may cause cancer. |
| C．Less attention has been paid to the effect of humidity. |
| D．Heat stress makes it harder to forecast the weather. |
| A．Sweating a lot. | B．Damaging organs. |
| C．Causing heart-attack. | D．Leading to high blood pressure. |
| A．About 800 million. | B．About 500 million. |
| C．About 1.2 billion. | D．About 300 million. |
| A．How to prevent heat stress |
| B．Heat stress may affect more people |
| C．The combination of heat and humidity |
| D．The earth may get warmer and warmer |
【推荐3】Most of us learn how to ride a bike during childhood, but as we grow older, many of us stop riding. However, hundreds of thousands of people have participated in cycling in recent years. So the question is: what makes it so popular to ride a bike once again?
First, let’s look at the health benefits. Cycling can have a positive influence on heart health and weight management. Also, it can strengthen your leg muscles too. Cycling’s benefits aren’t just physical, but mental as well. Along ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind and anxiety. But it’s not only about your body and mind-there are also some plus sides for your wallet’s health.
Cycling can be an economical way to go to work or go around town. By cycling, you save money on fuel or train fares. If you do drive into work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a trouble, while finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much simpler. Then, on the train, there are changes at stations and others speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. Cyclists face neither of these problems. And if you’re worried about safety, there are cycle lanes in many major cities. Wearing high-visibility clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads.
Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint. Not pumping out smoke into the atmosphere is better for the planet. So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or all of them-the popularity of cycling is on the rise.
1. What is a health benefit of cycling?| A．Spending less. | B．Saving time. | C．Building lanes. | D．Losing weight. |
| A．By lowering telephone bills. | B．By cutting fuel costs. |
| C．By increasing station changes. | D．By solving train noise. |
| A．To chain your bike up. | B．To ensure your safety. |
| C．To avoid carbon footprint. | D．To empty your mind and anxiety. |
| A．The physical benefits of cycling. | B．The ways to protect environment. |
| C．The development of transportation. | D．The reasons for cycling popularity. |
