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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:267 题号:18159560

Technology caused the problem of false news, and it’s easy to think that technology can solve it and that we only need to find the right technology to solve the problem. But this approach ignores valuable lessons concerned with how we acquire knowledge.

To understand how false news comes, start with an example. Imagine you’re out for drinks when one of your friends shocks the table with an unproven story about a local famous people. The story is so shocking you’re not sure it could be right. But then, here’s your good friend, putting their reputation on the line. Maybe you should believe it.

This is an instance of what philosophers call testimony (证词). It’s similar to the sort of testimony given in a courtroom, but it is less formal and much more frequent. Testimony happens any time you believe something because someone else proves the accuracy of the information. Most of our knowledge about the world is secondhand knowledge that comes to us through testimony. After all, we can’t each do all of our own scientific research, or make our own maps of distant cities.

Social media has strange testimonial rules, and it is hard to solve the problem of false news. On Facebook, Twitter and similar platforms, people don’t always mean what they say, and we don’t always expect them to. A the informal Twitter: advertisement goes: “A retweet (转发推文) is not an approval.” When a well-known politician was caught retweeting false statistics about race and crime, he told Fox News it wasn’t a big deal: “Am I gonna check every statistic? All it was is a retweet. It wasn’t from me.” Intellectually (理智上), we know that people do this all of the time on social media, and pass along news without checking its accuracy, but many of us listen to them anyway. The information they share is just too attractive to ignore — especially when it is about our existing political beliefs.

1. Why do we tend to believe surprising news over drinks?
A.We’ve confirmed it.
B.We may be drunken.
C.We find it amazing.
D.We trust in our friends.
2. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3?
A.The statement in court.
B.The talk in a restaurant.
C.The evidence of a crime.
D.The testimony of a philosopher.
3. Why is it easy for us to believe the content producers on social media?
A.We are tolerant of their actions.
B.Social media have issued odd regulations.
C.We will identify with them readily.
D.Social media don’t check the information.
4. What may be the best title for the text?
A.How to Fix False News
B.How Incorrect Information Arrives
C.What Information to Acquire
D.When Testimony Disturbs Audience

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【推荐1】Newspapers, magazines, even online articles offer reading materials for people. But strictly speaking, reading means reading books. Since reading books seems to be going out of date, it has raised people’s concerns (担心).

The yearly national reading survey (调查) shows people’s reading habits have rarely changed over the past several years. The survey says about 59 percent of the adults in China read books, with one adult, on average, reading 4 or 5 books a year. This means a large number of people don’t read at all and that those who do so only read a few books a year. A worrying fact is that even students don’t seem to be reading books as they spend more time and energy watching videos online.

There are many reasons why fewer people read books today. To begin with, given the fast-changing social atmosphere, many people tend to spend time on hobbies other than reading. Also, many parents don’t care much about reading, and so they fail to educate their children and grandchildren to love reading books. Therefore, parents should create a good atmosphere that would encourage their children to read books. Thelackof public libraries might answer for the falling number of readers. China has less than 3,300 public libraries, compared with (和……相比) more than 160,000 in the United States. And unlike countries such as the US and Britain which help read among communities, China lacks a good public service system to offer books to readers.

In order to encourage people to read more books, publishers should publish books that not only have rich contents but also attract more readers to read. Besides, schools could set some special days for theme-based reading in order to encourage students to read more books. Companies or social societies could also organize different kinds of activities to get more people to read more books.

1. What can we learn from the national survey?
A.Most adults read 4 or 5 books every month on average.
B.People’s reading habits have changed over the past few years.
C.Students are likely to spend less time reading books.
D.Adults are more interested in watching videos online.
2. The underlined word “lack” in Paragraph 3 most probably means________.
A.appearanceB.shortageC.improvementD.protection
3. What does the writer plan to do in the last paragraph?
A.List ways of helping read books.B.Introduce reading activities to students.
C.Prove the importance of reading books.D.Give advice on contents to publishers.
4. What can be the best title of the passage?
A.Why to readB.Let’s publish more books
C.How to readD.Let’s read more books
2020-10-12更新 | 32次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校
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【推荐2】There is a school in my Manhattan neighbourhood that has been giving out free meals during the Covid-19 pandemic—and every time I walk past it, the line seems longer. A community fridge recently showed up a couple of blocks away; it's one of many that activists have fixed across the city to fight against growing food insecurity. Just around the corner there's a young woman who has become a regular among the beggars I usually see in the area. She lost her job because of Covid-19.

It's not all doom and gloom. While the poor are getting poorer, the 1% are making out like robbers. America's 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs. The US government has printed trillions of dollars in economic relief but many of the forgivable emergency loans (贷款) for small businesses seem to have been taken by the super-rich. My local independent coffee shop has closed down, but Kanye West received a partially forgivable loan worth at least $2m. It is becoming increasingly clear that the US is experiencing one of the biggest wealth transfers in history.

Bernie Sanders has a plan to help. Last week, Sanders introduced a bill( 法案) , Make Billionaires Pay Act, which would establish a one-time 60% tax (税收) on billionaires' pandemic gains and use the money to guarantee Americans free health care for a year. There is very little chance the bill will get passed.

Billionaires shouldn't exit in the first place—the idea that they should be taxed at a higher rate during a pandemic to help pay health care shouldn't be slightly controversial( 有争议的) . However, there are some who think such a move would be extremely unfair to "poor unfortunate" billionaires who, as we all know, are one of the most unfairly hurt groups in the world.

1. How does the author develop the first two paragraphs?
A.By making contrasts.B.By giving definitions.
C.By presenting arguments.D.By listing numbers.
2. The underlined sentence "It's not all doom and gloom." implies that ________.
A.the writer doesn't feel depressed at all
B.the current situation of Covid-19 is getting better
C.the billionaires still make profits during the pandemic
D.the woman has suffered more than we can imagine
3. The bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, was put forward to ________.
A.rid the country of pandemicB.restrict the billionaires' fortune
C.ensure temporary free medical serviceD.provide short-term loans for health care
4. What is the author's attitude towards the billionaires?
A.Disappointed.B.Respectful.C.Sympathetic.D.Negative.
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【推荐3】International Mother Language Day is celebrated on 21 February every year. This day shall remind us about the many different languages that exist in the world. It is used to create awareness(意识) of the importance of our home languages.

Languages help us communicate our ideas, understandings and feelings. We also use our language to share our identity which means our cultural traditions, our customs and beliefs.

Many languages are unique(独一无二的) to a country, although English is the most spoken language around the world by non-native speakers. Non-native speakers are all those who learn a   language as their second or foreign language.

Did you know that there are over 7,000 languages spoken in the world? Though only 5% of those languages are represented on the internet! The languages most used on the internet are English, Russian and German.

Chinese (Mandarin), Spanish, English, Arabic and Hindi are the most spoken languages around the world but they are not represented in the same order in written text. And not all languages exist in written form at all. Some languages in Africa such as Southern Ndebele only received their first written text in recent years.

Many languages which are spoken worldwide only have few mother tongue speakers and some were never written. Languages with few speakers are mainly found in Oceania, southern Asia, Africa and the Amazon area in South America. In fact, one language dies out every two weeks, as the language is not used anymore.

1. International Mother Language Day is celebrated to ________.
A.encourage us to learn more foreign languages
B.help us communicate our ideas and feelings
C.share our identity between different countries
D.make us realize the importance of mother languages
2. How many languages appear on the internet?
A.Over 7,000.B.About 6,650.
C.Over 1,400D.About 350.
3. What is true according to the passage?
A.Not all languages have written form.
B.One language disappears every other day.
C.Languages with few speakers appear in Europe.
D.The language most used on the internet is Chinese.
2019-11-07更新 | 38次组卷
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