In Japan’s northeast Miyagi county, residents can find life partners via a government-sponsored, Artificial Intelligence-driven matchmaking service. Throughout the land, there are public and company-sponsored singles parties and “life design workshops” meant to urge young adults to make a concrete timeline for marriage and family. The city of Tokyo even teaches basic dating skills, such as the art of conversation.
Japan has the fastest-aging population of any post-industrial nation on earth. The current total birth rate -- the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime -- is1.3, well below the “replacement level” of 2.1 kids per woman, which is broadly accepted as the rate needed to ensure a stable population.
A periodic survey by the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research found close to a fifth of men and about 15% of women expressing disinterest in marriage. Almost a third of men and a fifth of women in their fifties in Japan have never been married.
The country’s leadership is convinced that more marriages are the answer, so Japan’s new Children and Families Agency set to launch in April, will offer “marriage support service” in each of Japan’s 47 counties.
But many experts say the only way Japan can really save itself is by getting rid of the “male breadwinner, female carer” norms (准则) that continue to support policymaking and corporate management. “Post-industrial countries(like Sweden) that made it possible to balance work and family have not suffered large declines in birth rates,” Harvard sociologist Mary Brinton noted in arecent presentation.
Professor Masahiro Yamada, a sociologist at Chuo University, is doubtful whether Japan will escape its existential crisis. “It’s not a problem of matchmaking. It’s an issue of more men with unstable incomes,” he said. “Even among regular workers, relative incomes are falling.”
Lower incomes are far more of a discouragement to marriage in East Asia than in the U.S. or Europe, Yamada says, as Asian men put more emphasis on unilaterally(单方面)earning enough to support children. A truly effective policy, he argues, would double or triple investment in families instead of seniors. “Japan is going to sink, right along with its birth rate,” he warned. “And South Korea and China will be right behind us.”
1. What’s the function of AI-driven matchmaking service?A.To offer a platform for seeking life partners. |
B.To update the country’s basic dating service. |
C.To sponsor residents to attend singles parties. |
D.To teach young Japanese how to go on dates. |
A.Birth rate in Japan is higher than aging rate. |
B.Japan’s population structure is out of balance. |
C.Most of the Japanese dislike children or seniors. |
D.Women are less likely to marry than men in Japan. |
A.It leads to an increase of income. |
B.It touches the surface of the issue. |
C.It saves Japan from the present crisis. |
D.It departs from Japan’s existing norm. |
A.Can Japan increase its birth rate? |
B.Will the service catch on in Japan? |
C.Will Japanese men’s incomes rise? |
D.Can Japanese balance work and family? |
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【推荐1】For some adolescents and teenagers, using social media can be as easy as breathing. But a study suggests there could be a hidden price: their mental health.
Young people who spend more than 3 hours a day on social media are more likely to suffer from depression (沮丧) , anxiety and other illnesses and are more likely to experience bad feelings about themselves, according to the study by Johns Hopkins University.
“Time spent on social media may increase the risk of experiencing cyberbullying (网络霸凌),’’ according to the study. Seeing others’ lives on social media “may also expose adolescents to idealized self-presentations that encourage social comparisons”.
But it might be difficult to break the close connection between young people and social media — something that’s ubiquitous and seemingly an extension of their personal lives.
“A 2018 Pew Research Center survey found that 97% of adolescents report using at least 1 of the 7 most popular social media platforms,” according to the study. “Moreover, digital media use by adolescents is common: 95% report owning or having access to a smartphone, and almost 90% report they are online at least several times a day.
The study sought to examine the data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health. Data was examined for some 6,600 adolescents aged 12 to 15 who reported spending time on social media during a typical day but who also reported mental health difficulties.
After weighing factors, the research found that the youngsters who spent more than three hours a day on social media were more likely to report mental problems, compared with adolescents who didn’t use social media.
One potential solution is to help young people reduce the time they spend online, according to Kira E. Riehm, the lead researcher. More importantly, she adds, parents should teach their children to think critically about what they’re seeing online, and that “idealized” photos of their friends don’t necessarily represent an ideal life.
1. What can cause mental problems of the young according to the study?A.Too much learning pressure. |
B.The occasional social comparisons. |
C.Spending too much time daily on social media. |
D.Holding negative opinions about others constantly. |
A.Very common. | B.Rather strange. |
C.Old-fashioned. | D.Quite expensive. |
A.By having face-to-face interviews. |
B.By conducting a series of surveys. |
C.By collecting information from social media. |
D.By analyzing the data from believable resources. |
A.The benefit of a strict time limit. |
B.The importance of critical thinking. |
C.The necessity of representing an ideal life. |
D.The frequency of family interaction. |
【推荐2】Feeling hungry? If so, what’s the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? Many of us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. And our increasingly busy and hectic lives, or some other reasons that we lack the skills to prepare a meal for ourselves might add to our need to buy ready-made food on the go or delivered to home.
Eating options (the freedom to choose) are endless, and new technology means we can feed our cravings or eager desires at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient, and during the recent corona virus (冠状病毒) crisis, it provided a lifeline to those stuck at home with nothing to cook or who lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves. It’s estimated (估计) that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60,000 restaurants. Amelia Brophy, Head of UK Data Products at YouGov, told the BBC that its research “suggests that the frequency of takeaways ordered is expected to increase in the future”.
It’s no wonder we are tempted and attracted to skip the grocery shopping, bypass the kitchen, and tuck into something that someone else has prepared. But ordering a deep crust pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health. Eating too much processed and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity (肥胖) and the risk of developing certain metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. A few years ago, The BBC Good Food Nation Survey found that most people ate fast food on average two days per week. But, in the 16 to 20-year-old category, one in six ate fast food at least twice a day.
Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier, as well as offering smaller portion sizes. But the best advice you might want to take away from this Takeaway English is to find a recipe book and try making your own nutritious meal. And if you haven’t got time, try ordering a healthier alternative from the menu.
1. Why might some people choose to order a takeaway meal?A.They might be too lazy to cook themselves. |
B.They might never have the experience of cooking. |
C.They might be so young that they can’t cook for themselves. |
D.They might be too busy to cook or might be short of the skills to prepare a meal. |
A.Takeaway delivery apps | B.A takeaway menu | C.Grocery shopping. | D.Going to the restaurant. |
A.100. | B.60,000. | C.3,000,000 | D.3,000,000,0000 |
A.The reasons of the great need of takeaway food. |
B.The suggestions of making takeaways healthier. |
C.The increases of takeaways in the future. |
D.The results of fast food. |
【推荐3】Young people are being criticized for working from home again, with one professor saying it adversely affects their professional and romantic success.
Scott Galloway, a marketing professor at the New York University, spoke about the harms of being at home at The Wall Street Journal’s CEO Council Summit, on Wednesday.
A clip posted on TikTok shows Galloway saying, “You should never be at home. That’s what I tell young people. Home is for seven hours of sleep and that’s it. The amount of time you spend at home is oppositely correlated to your success professionally and romantically. You need to be out of the house.”
In another clip at the same event, the professor insisted that success and work-life balance do not go hand in hand. He said, “If you expect to be in the top 10% economically, much less the top 1%, buck up. Two decades plus, of nothing but work. That’s my experience.”
Galloway has long been an advocate of office working and shunned remote working habits because it weakens young people’s ability to build relationships and network. He previously advised young workers, “Before you collect dogs and spouses, get into the office, establish mentors, establish friends,” in an interview with CNN. He added that workers who get promoted are the ones with the best relationships at work.
1. What can be the harm of working from home according to Galloway?A.Less successful careers. | B.Imbalance between work and life. |
C.Worse relationship at home. | D.Loss of sleep time. |
A.Develop remote working habits. | B.Keep a pet at home. |
C.Establish relationships in the office. | D.Get promotion at work. |
【推荐1】Passive-aggressive (消极抗拒) behaviour can feel “normal”—especially if it’s how we’ve grown up seeing others around us deal with relationship issues. Whether done verbally (言语上) or nonverbally, passive aggression is meant to avoid hurting someone else’s feelings, escape conflict, or show disagreement without being outspoken in it.
It’s a more common way of dealing with things than you might think. But why are we passive-aggressive? What are the signs we can look out for to recognize being passive-aggressive? And how does it affect us?
There are many reasons why someone might display passive-aggressive behaviour, including insecurity or fear of losing control, as well as using it as a way to handle feelings of stress, anxiety, or depression. It can also be a way to try to deal with rejection or conflict, because of feelings of under-appreciation, or due to worry that any natural feelings of anger aren’t the right response, and so it becomes an attempt to sugarcoat things.
We almost all exhibit signs of passive aggression from time to time, but when it becomes a habit within our relationships, it can become upsetting for the other person involved, causing a divide. And for the person exhibiting this behaviour, their inability to say what is wrong clearly can often worsen the issue as it isn’t being dealt with directly. Ultimately, passive aggression prevents change and growth, leading to more negative behaviour, the breakdown of trust, and further relationship problems.
Admitting that you have a problem and need to change is not just good for your relationship, but also a huge help in your life. If you’re struggling and aren’t sure where to begin, ask yourself “Could I unintentionally (or intentionally) be hurting my relationship? Is it worth saving my relationship, or do I want to risk things getting worse? Would I be happy if my partner acted the way I’ve been acting?”
Change doesn’t happen overnight, but, with time and effort, you can find new, healthier ways of communicating how you are feeling, and start to strengthen the bonds within your relationship.
1. What is the possible passive-aggressive response to displeasure?A.Turning to rude languages. | B.Displaying violent behavior. |
C.Hiding his true inner feelings. | D.Coming into conflict with others. |
A.They are sometimes overconfident in themselves. |
B.They believe conflicts should be resolved directly. |
C.Their passive-aggressive behavior doesn’t last long. |
D.Their behaviour likely leads to more negative results. |
A.The behavior. | B.The divide. | C.The inability. | D.The habit. |
A.Start with a self-reflection. | B.Apologize to the other side. |
C.Copy how the partner acts. | D.Let time cure everything. |
【推荐2】A new study,conducted by British company Mindlab International, has found that listening to music at work increases accuracy(精确) and speed,The Telegraph reported.
Perhaps, some parents disagree with this idea, saying,”Switch off the music and concentrate!" Well, if that's the case with your parents, you might now be able to convince them that you have science on your side.
The company gave 26 participants(参与者) a series of different tasks for five days in a row, including spelling checking, mathematical word problems, data entry, and abstract reasoning. The participants completed these tasks while listening to music or no music at all.
The results showed that while music was playing, 88% of participants produced their most accurate test results and 81% completed their fastest work.David Lewis, chairman of Mindlab International, told The Telegraph,"Music is a very powerful management tool if you want to increase not only the efficiency of your workforce but also their emotional state... they are going to become more positive about the work."
However, you may have a list of your favourite songs, but not all kinds of music match all homework. For maths or other subjects involving numbers or attention to detail, you should listen to classical music, the study found. In the study, pop music enabled participants to complete their tasks 58% faster than when listening to no music at all. If you are reviewing your English writing, pop music is the best choice, as it is the best kind for spelling checking. It cuts mistakes by 14%, compared to listening to no music.After finishing your homework, do you often take time to check your answers? Maybe, some dance music is suitable for you.
1. What did the participants have to do in the study?A.Persuade their parents to listen to music. |
B.Do a series of work without rest or pause. |
C.Complete five tasks in fìve days without help. |
D.Finish tasks with music or without music at all. |
A.Results. | B.Tools. |
C.Workforce. | D.Tests. |
A.Classical music. | B.Dance music. |
C.Pop music. | D.Rock music. |
The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the US.It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River.It joined the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west,and materials could pour into the east.The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city.
The building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York.It cost $ 7,143,789,but it soon gained its price many times over.Between 1825,when the canal was opened,and 1882,when toll charges(过运河费) were stopped,the state collected $ 121,461,891.
For a hundred years before the Erie was built,people had been talking about a canal which could join the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean.The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton.Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton’s Ditch(沟)”.Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it.He and Governor Morris went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal,but they were unsuccessful.
Clinton became governor of New York in 1817,and shortly afterwards,on July 4,1817,broke ground for the canal in Rome,N,Y.The first part of the canal was completed in 1820.As the canal grew,towns along its course developed fast.The length of the canal is 363 miles.
1. We can see that the Erie Canal .
A.joined the Great Lakes together |
B.crossed New York from north to south |
C.played an important part in developing New York City |
D.was the first waterway built in the US |
A.the Great Lakes flow |
B.the Hudson River flows |
C.Lake Erie flows |
D.the Erie Canal flows |
A.The Erie Canal brought profits of over $ 114,000,000. |
B.It’s 363 miles from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. |
C.The West was more advanced than the East when the canal was built. |
D.Many other states helped New York build the canal. |
A.Clinton broke ground for the canal at both ends. |
B.Clinton started building the canal before he became governor. |
C.All parts of the canal were completed at the same time. |
D.The construction of the canal took eight years. |