A United Nations-backed mission is recommending that the Great Barrier Reef(大堡礁) should be added to the list of endangered World Heritage sites, warning that without “ambitious, rapid and sustained”climate action the world’s largest coral reef is in peril.
The warning came in a report published Monday following a 10-day mission to the reef last March by officials from UNESCO and the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The reef, a living place of great variety and beauty on the north-east coast of Australia, has been on UNESCO’s World Heritage List since 1981.
Australia’s federal government and Queensland’s state authorities should adopt more ambitious emission reduction targets, in line with international efforts to limit future warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) since pre-industrial times, according to the report.
Feedback from Australian officials, both at the federal and state level, will also be reviewed before UNESCO, the U.N.’s Paris-based cultural agency, makes any official proposal to the World Heritage Committee.
The text is criticizing about recent efforts to stop mass bleaching(褪色) and prevent pollution from ruining the reef’s natural waters, saying they have not been fast nor effective enough. Unlimited emissions lead to increased water acidity, which can be poisonous.
More money should be found to increase the water quality and stop the site’s decline, the report concludes.
In an email to AP, the U.N. cultural agency said: “In recent months, we have had a constructive dialogue with Australian authorities. But there is still work to be done.”
1. What does the underlined word “in peril” mean in paragraph 1?A.in short | B.in need | C.in action | D.in danger |
A.It needs to be examined by UNESCO. |
B.It covers successful emission reduction targets. |
C.It includes many effective measures to protect the reef. |
D.It has been submitted to the World Heritage Committee. |
A.Australian authorities’ efforts. | B.Unlimited emissions. |
C.United Nations’ warning. | D.Money for increasing the water quality. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Satisfied. |
C.Objective. | D.Uncaring. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】An experience that is becoming increasingly common around the world is the sorting of waste.
It may seem like a trivial activity, but it has slowly moved into the center of conversation on the future of business and sustainable development.
Waste sorting is a complex phenomenon that can be an important step toward a global circular economy. Maybe it even will be something we will look back on as one of the first steps toward an ecological society.
But sorting of waste could also mean participating in an activity that undermines sustainable development by allowing unsustainable companies to use recycling as a way to pretend they are sustainable.
When Royal Dutch Shell, a British-Dutch oil and gas company, wanted to dump an oil rig in the ocean in 1995, many people in Europe had just started to separate glass bottles and newspapers. The company’s plan was viewed as a sign of arrogance. The incident led to an important meeting, after which many companies started including environmental factors in their risk assessment.
The situation is different today. It is no longer clear if the kind of waste sorting done in Western nations is part of the problem or the solution. There are areas where the sorting of waste is working reasonably well, for example the glass and metal industries. But at a time when we are looking at a transformative system change and global sustainability, there is a need to fundamentally rethink waste sorting.
In the coming decades, the world needs to eliminate the use of fossil fuels, become more resource-efficient, lift billions out of poverty and ensure greater equity(公正). In order to ensure this, we need a resource-efficient circular economy, and waste sorting can play a key role. But that would be a very different kind of waste sorting.
People around the world have begun to realize that much of the waste they sort is not integrated in sustainable material flows, but instead shipped to poor countries, where it is not handled in an appropriate manner. As more countries refuse to become dumping grounds for the unsustainable lifestyles of rich countries, a healthy discussion about global sustainability has begun to emerge.
Out of the waste that is recycled, much of it is turned into low-value goods in a way that does not result in a radically reduced use of natural resources. Instead, recycling initiatives are used by companies selling low-quality goods that are not made to last.
A waste sorting system for the 21st century should build on the opportunities that digitalization provides and allow citizens to track what is happening to the waste they are sorting and also provide information about the companies they have purchased products from.
It should also require companies to show how resource-efficient their solutions are, allowing consumers to compare options.
It is time to understand that Western recycling systems, to a large extent, are used by unsustainable companies that produce everything from fast fashion to unhealthy fast food.
China could initiate the next generation of waste sorting systems—those that support hyper-transparency and move away from the systems in the West that are contributing to reduced transparency. Such a waste sorting system would be a driver for innovation and extreme resource efficiency and a true step toward ecological civilization.
1. Waste sorting is a complex phenomenon because _______A.it is an important step toward a global circular economy |
B.it is a first step toward an ecological society |
C.it may be an activity that undermines sustainable development |
D.it is slowly moving into the center of conversation |
A.The dumping of oil rig |
B.Separating glass bottles and newspapers |
C.Including environment when assessing risks |
D.Starting waste sorting in European countries |
A.the sorting of waste is working well in some areas |
B.a new system change and global sustainability should be considered |
C.the western recycling system does not fit for the whole world |
D.people are concerned about health and greater equity |
A.To introduce Western recycling systems |
B.To compare two recycling systems. |
C.To predict the change of ecological system |
D.To advocate a more sustainable waste sorting system |
【推荐2】The world’s animal populations have decreased by more than two-thirds since 1970, according to a recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).
The London group provided information on 32,000 wildlife populations which included more than 5,000 species. The researchers found that population sizes had declined by 69 percent on average. They said the loss of forests, human exploitation (开发) of the environment, pollution, and climate change were great causes of the loss. Land-use change is still the biggest threat to wildlife. However, the researchers added, ”if we cannot limit warming to 1.5“C, climate change is likely to become the dominant cause of biodiversity loss in the coming years.”
Wildlife populations in Latin American and the Caribbean Sea area were greatly affected. The research showed a 94 percent drop in those areas in over 50 years. Wildlife populations in river and lake habitats decreased the most. Freshwater populations have declined by an average of 83 percent since 1970. For example, one population of pink river dolphins in the Amazon River area of Brazil fell by 65 percent between 1994 and 2016.
These findings are a red flag that warns of a larger system failure on the horizon. Even one species’ population decline can affect other species, eventually impacting the ecosystem’s ability to function. Humans depend on a stable climate, predictable weather patterns, and productive farmland and fisheries to thrive (蓬勃发展), but the current trends are severe enough to threaten many life-sustaining systems.
Our future depends on reversing(扭转) the loss of nature just as much as it depends on dealing with climate change. And you can’t solve one without solving the other. Everyone has a role in reversing these trends, from individuals to companies to governments. If nothing changes, animal populations will undoubtedly continue to fall, driving wildlife to extinction and threatening the integrity (完整) of the ecosystems on which we all depend.
1. What is the greatest threat to wildlife populations currently?A.Illegal hunting. |
B.Global warming. |
C.Land-use change. |
D.Environmental pollution. |
A.By listing figures. |
B.By analyzing the causes. |
C.By making a comparison. |
D.By referring to a concept. |
A.Climate change threatens many wild animals. |
B.Farmland is the basis of life-sustaining systems |
C.Species diversity is important to maintain a stable ecosystem. |
D.Extreme weather events have become more and more frequent. |
A.To explain the difficulty of restoring ecosystems |
B.To call on people to take action to protect nature. |
C.To present the increasing trend of climate change. |
D.To show people’s efforts in reversing the loss of nature. |
【推荐3】If you're one of the millions of Americans now trapped in home because of the COVID-19,it might feel like you're cooking more than you've ever cooked in your entire life. And maybe you' re planning to reduce your home food wastes. A good way of dealing with them is to learn to make compost (堆肥).
Select your food wastes. Start with fruits and vegetables — the skin of a sweet potato,the top of your strawberry. Also tea bags, coffee grounds, old flowers and even eggshells are good raw materials. Store these food wastes in a container so you can add them bit by bit. The container doesn't have to be bought online. It can just be an old milk carton (纸箱) or an old wooden chest —just work with what you have available. Also, you can store the food wastes in a bag in your freezer or fridge. That's an easy way to avoid odors and insects in your kitchen.
The crucial step is to make the compost mix. In the world of composting you're inevitably going to hear about ''the greens and browns''—the two main elements for your mix. ''Greens'' are typically wet food wastes, like fruit and vegetable peelings. They are a crucial part for the growth of organisms (微生物),''Browns" are typically dry and they are more carbon rich like newspapers, dried leaves,and pine needles. A good thing to remember is when you're layering, put the dry browns on the bottom with the wet greens on the top because they allow water and air to flow. That will make sure organisms can do their job.
How long do you have to wait for the compost breakdown? If it's hot, you could get there in two months pretty easy. If it's cold, you could be there in six months, And for every component to break down, it might be a year.
In the end ''your nose knows'' when the compost is ready. It just smells so woody, earthy, sweet or sometimes sour. The smell can tell how well you work at your compost.
1. What is a good solution to your home food wastes?A.Make a plan and reduce the wastes. |
B.Collect the picked wastes to make compost. |
C.Select the wastes and bury them into the earth. |
D.Pick the wastes and put them in a bag in your fridge. |
A.Wet ''greens'' |
B.Dry "browns'' |
C.Carbon rich materials. |
D.Wet ''greens'' and dry ''browns''. |
A.To help the organism work on the compost efficiently. |
B.To save more space for the water and air to flow. |
C.To allow the water and air to flow into the container. |
D.To make sure the organism can live longer and better. |
A.Pretty easy and fun. |
B.Complex and time killing. |
C.Demanding patience but worthwhile. |
D.Calling for hard work but enjoyable. |
【推荐1】Perhaps there is no sport in the world more connected to sneakers than basketball. Many NBA players wear them to send important messages and showcase their personalities on court.
And now, thanks to a new policy, the NBA will strengthen its status as the most stylish sports league in the world. When the 2018-2019 NBA season kicked off in October, the NBA lifted its color restrictions on players’ sneakers. It is the first time in the league’s 72-year history that it has allowed shoes to be of any color a player likes, as long as no reflective (反光的) material is included.
In the past, the NBA required “uniformity (一致性) of uniform”, meaning each players’ shoes had to match those worn by the rest of the team. Their sneakers had to be at least 51 percent black or white, with an element of team color.
This landmark rule change is part of the NBA’s collective effort to support players “statements” on and off the court. “ More and more people realize that limitation of the color of players’ shoes actually constrains (限制) their personal expression and storytelling,” CNN News noted.
Sometimes a shoe was worn in a memorable game, or the design of a shoe has meaning for the player.
Before Los Angeles Lakers superstar Kobe Bryant, nicknamed “the Black Mamba”, retired, it was said that he wore a new pair of sneakers to each game and stored his used sneakers.
Bryant brought the low-top style of sneaker with a Mamba print to the forefront in 2008 to symbolize the spirit of perseverance and bravery. In 2013, Bryant added nine red stitches (缝针) to the back of his shoe to represent the nine stitches from his Achilles tendon surgery. “It has become an attitude. That is my Mamba personality,” Bryant told Sports Illustrated magazine.
Kyrie Irving of the Boston, Celtics wears probably the most famous signature sneakers. Inspired by his mother, who died when he was four, he has a rose on one side of his shoe to represent her. All of his sneakers are also inscribed (刻) with the words, “JBY (Just Be You)”. “Just Be You is the motto I live by every single day, because I’m happy to be an individual. It’s a beautiful thing,” Irving told UK media site GiveMeSport.
There is no end to the stories about sneakers in basketball. It’s certain that they will remain a platform for players who want to use them to express their ideas and personalities.
1. According to the new policy, the NBA players ________.A.may choose sneakers they like without restriction |
B.should wear sneakers in their own team color |
C.have to choose sneakers either in black or in white |
D.have more freedom in choosing personal sneakers |
A.Uniformity guarantees better results. |
B.The new rule leads to controversy. |
C.The NBA cares little about players’ statements. |
D.Players’ personal expression also counts. |
A.A rose. | B.JBY. |
C.A Mamba print. | D.Nine red stitches. |
A.The NBA lifts color restrictions. |
B.Our shoes have stories. |
C.Bryant has a unique dress style. |
D.The NBA players are particular about the colors of their sneakers. |
【推荐2】Don't drive your kids to school. Let them ride a bike to school.
In England 8.3 million children travel to school every day. It is reported that only a small number of pupils cycle to school (under 2%), although one in three children would actually like to.
Experts say that to stay healthy, children need at least one hour of moderate (适度的) exercise every day. But only six out of ten boys and four out of ten girls get that. One of the reasons is that parents have developed a habit of driving their children to school when they could just walk or ride a bike to school.
Teachers often say that children who walk or ride a bike to school are more ready to listen to their classes, ask and answer questions in class than those driven by car, and the school journey is a good chance for children to learn about road safety and other life skills. Also, for many children, riding a bike is more fun than going to school by car.
Most parents know the benefits. Then what's stopping them from letting their kids ride a bike? Safety is the number one worry for them. But actually riding a bike is not as dangerous as parents think it is.
When you decide to buy a bike, you should be aware (意识到) that a bike that is too big or too small is dangerous. Don't try to get a bike that your child will “grow into”. Get the right size in good working order. Generally, 20 inch wheels are on bikes for 5-8 year old; 24 inch wheels are for 9-11 year old; 26 inch wheels are suitable for those over 11, and some older children should even take bikes with 28 inch wheels, but the main thing is that the bike fits your child.
1. This passage is mainly written for ________.A.teachers whose students have asked their parents to drive them to school |
B.children who have asked their parents to drive them to school |
C.parents who drive their children to school |
D.parents who drive to work |
A.It will help children keep healthy. |
B.It will make children more active in class. |
C.It will make children feel freer. |
D.It will be more fun for children. |
A.their children don't want to |
B.they are worried about their children's safety |
C.they don't know what size bike to choose |
D.they haven't enough money to buy a bike |
A.A bike with 20inch wheels. |
B.A bike with 24inch wheels. |
C.A bike with 26inch wheels. |
D.A bike with 28inch wheels |
【推荐3】Motion sickness is an uncomfortable feeling. The sickness it causes can strike people on an airplane, playing video games, or, commonly, when riding in a car. In a future where people may find themselves running around streets in self-driving vehicles, the problems could get worse.
We typically sense our physical position and movement in the world by relying on our eyes, the feeling we get in our body, and our inner ear. Motion sickness may develop when there's disagreement between what your eyes see and what your inner ear senses. If you're looking at your phone in a moving vehicle, your eyes see a stationary screen but your inner ear feels that you're moving. The result of that dissonance can cause sickness. The common-sense solution is to just stop looking at your phone, but some of the appeal of self-driving cars is that you could use the time to be productive or entertained by what's on a screen.
Researchers of a car-making company and a video game company have been studying ways to address these issues. And their solution uses an interesting medium: sound. The research had two goals: to explore if sound could help relieve motion sickness, and to help people trust self-driving cars more. They experimented with two different categories of sound: tips that tell passengers what's about to happen, and noises that alert passengers when the device has noticed something, like a pedestrian.
The most convincing experiment took place on a closed airport runway in Sweden, near Gothenburg, in August of last year. On that track, brave participants had to ride in the backseat of a car driven by a human and read from a tablet while the car navigated the course. With just 20 people, the study was small, but according to researchers, the presence of sound tips made people report that they felt less ill. Participants said the sounds helped prepare them physically, or adjust their bodies for what was about to happen.
1. When does motion sickness usually happen?A.Sleeping during travels. | B.Closing eyes on vehicles. |
C.Driving vehicles speedily. | D.Riding in moving vehicles. |
A.Confusion. | B.Potentiality. | C.Randomness. | D.Disagreement. |
A.Uncertain. | B.Optimistic. | C.Concerned. | D.Dissatisfaction. |
A.A study of motion sickness. | B.Self-driving vehicles. |
C.A convincing experiment. | D.The cause and handling of motion sickness. |