Cleaning up the table, I caught sight of small round plastic pieces. I discovered they were the tops or covers of color markers I had kept on the table. The only difference was that someone got those covers and chewed them into shapelessness. On another part of the table, I saw the color markers dried up without covers. I was almost sure I knew who had done it and I could not understand the motivation behind his actions.
As I considered my discovery, my frustration and disappointment gradually went away when I remembered that as a child, I did several weird(奇怪的)things that must have bothered my mother. I cut our shoes, I chewed pens and pencils, and I wrote and drew pictures on walls and destroyed many items at home. The mind of a child is curious and explorative, seeking to understand and test the limits of many things. Of course, it can be costly, but what is growing up if no mistakes are made?
We call it paying the school fees of life. If a child plays with a hot iron and it burns them, it is a given that they will not go near the iron again. Sometimes I watch the children in my neighborhood playing dangerous games. Occasionally, I have got myself involved and spoken up, but sometimes I let it pass. Until someone has fallen off his bike, they may not want to be told to stop riding with reckless abandon(毫无顾忌). Until a child has fallen down, they will not listen when asked to get down from the tree. However, wisdom shows that if the behavior is deadly, you should get involved in time.
Creativity is a valuable quality. And this is why we should encourage children to remain innovative rather than be simple recipients of everything they have known and seen. Allow children to make mistakes, but this must be followed with supervision(监督), monitoring, and correction.
1. What happened to the author’s color markers?| A．They were stolen. |
| B．They were destroyed. |
| C．They were thrown away. |
| D．They were cleaned by mistake. |
| A．Mistakes are unavoidable for children. |
| B．Some lessons of life are too painful to bear. |
| C．Children often put themselves in danger. |
| D．Children can learn from their mistakes. |
| A．What is growing up without making mistakes? |
| B．How to help children grow up quickly? |
| C．How to deal with children’s mistakes? |
| D．What really matters in growing up? |
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【推荐1】We all use different ways to remember ideas, facts and things we need to store. Remembering is an extremely important part of our learning experience. Information process, storage and recall encourage purposeful learning.
But the brain doesn’t store everything we want or need for future use, It makes choices and fends to remember information that forms a memorable paten. Things you learned recently can be particularly difficult to remember because they haven’t yet taken root in your mind.
Forgetting allows us to prioritize (put something above others). We forget much of what we read, watch, and think directly every day. Anything irrelevant to our survival will take up space." writes John Medina in his book, Brain Rules.
How do you avoid losing 90% of what you’ve learned? Inspiring writer and speaker Zig Ziglar once said, Repetition is the mother ‘of learning, the father of action, which makes it the architect of accomplishment."
Repetition has been a remembering skill for ages. When you hear or read something once, you don’t really learn it at least not well enough to store the new information permanently. The right kind of repetition can do wonders for your memory. People learn or remember better by repeating things or getting exposed to information multiple times. Others repeat’ particular steps or processes deliberately a number of times or even years to become better at certain skills.
Daniel Coyle explains in his book, The Little Book of Talent, closing the book and writing a summary, even short ones, forces you to figure out the key points, process and organize those ideas so they make sense, and write them on the page. When you pick it back up weeks later, reread all of your notes or highlights to strengthen the ideas even further.
People learn by repeating things. Better learning is a repetition process. Every time we repetitively access something we already know, we increase the memory’s stored value.
1. How does the writer prefer to prove his opinion?| A．By giving examples. |
| B．By listing numbers. |
| C．By borrowing words of some writers.’ |
| D．By providing scientific findings. |
| A．You can’t pay too much attention to repetition. |
| B．Summarizing is an effective way to remember. |
| C．Forgetting forces human brain to make wise choices. |
| D．Regular repetition helps to form good habits andeffects. |
| A．To summarize and stress his opinion. |
| B．To ask the readers to use the skills to learn. |
| C．To introduce his opinion and attract readers. |
| D．To tell readers to increase the value of memory. |
| A．How the Brain Works |
| B．Reading For More |
| C．Fighting Against Forgetting |
| D．Repeat to Remember |
【推荐2】Slowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year. She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade. She didn't feel too old to travel.
Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel? The travel industry has already responded. Try renting a car in Europe, for example. In Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities. That feels like a " no" for many travelers.
Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog. She recalls a 93-year-old who was disabled and traveling alone on a Caribbean tour. "You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care. " she says. "Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it. So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation. "
But some tour operators serve older travelers. For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members. “We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”
If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability. "Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect, "says Sara Baer-Sinnott, president of Oldways, a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours. "Someone in their 40's may struggle more than someone in their 80s. "
1. What is expected if Schaefer travels in Croatia this year?| A．She can rent a car to go around. |
| B．She has to pay more insurance fees. |
| C．She can join in all kinds of activities. |
| D．She will receive 24/7 medical care. |
| A．His old age. | B．His lack of money. |
| C．His poor health. | D．His in sociable personality. |
| A．It is a non-profit traveling organization. |
| B．It offers service to a wide range of travelers. |
| C．It has a history of more than seven decades. |
| D．Its main customers are senior travelers. |
| A．Opposed. | B．Supportive. | C．Tolerant. | D．Objective. |
The creation of slang is one way languages change. Slang, or informal language, usually changes more rapidly than standard language. For example, the word groovy, meaning “great,” used to be very popular in the 1960s and 1970s. But by 1980, people had stopped using it.
One important reason we use slang is to show others that we belong to a group. Another is to communicate an idea in a more colorful or humorous way. For example, the phrase jump ship creates a stronger image than the more standard leave an organization. While in the Internet age, slang expressions are created faster than ever. Often, Internet slang words are created to make messages faster and easier to type.
Some people are strongly against the use of slang. Teachers at Harris Academy were worried that slang would prevent their students from learning how to read, write, and express themselves correctly. They thought this might cause problems for them when they finally went on to apply to universities or companies.
However, some people think differently. Linguist (语言学家) Tony Thorne sees slang as a way for speakers of a language to show their creativity and humor. And, unlike what some believe, slang is not a new phenomenon. As Thorne explains, “Slang has not become more popular, simply more public.” In today’s highly connected world, slang has become more noticeable because of better tools to observe language change.
Perhaps the worries mentioned above can be solved by making people understand when to use certain forms of language. As long as people use slang correctly, there is no need to completely avoid it.
1. Why did the author mention the example of “groovy”?| A．To show why languages change. | B．To show slang often changes fast. |
| C．To show the popularity of slang. | D．To show how standard language forms. |
| A．Why people use slang. | B．How people use slang. |
| C．Different types of slang. | D．The development of slang. |
| A．Slang takes time to develop. |
| B．Slang is being accepted by the public. |
| C．Slang is increasingly known to the public. |
| D．More and more people are beginning to use slang. |
| A．He disagrees with it. | B．He supports it. |
| C．He is confused about it. | D．He is uncertain about it. |
【推荐1】Self-disciplined people are not all outstanding people.
What people call self-discipline is in fact self-management. One example is staying fit. Never underestimate (低估) someone who is in good shape. Anyone who has ever tried to lose weight knows that it’s not easy.
If someone is in good shape, it means that this person is good at managing themselves and their time.
| A．How do you learn self-management? |
| B．That’s where their success comes from. |
| C．It’s even harder to avoid putting weight back on. |
| D．Whether it is natural or acquired, it is a great skill. |
| E．This skill gives you the power to stick to your decisions. |
| F．But nearly all outstanding people are self-disciplined people. |
| G．Self-discipline means self control, which is a sign of inner strength. |
注意：每空格1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上!
Once kids hit the teenage years, parenting becomes more difficult than ever. Establishing(建立) effective house rules is one of the best ways to educate teenagers. House rules must respect teenagers’ desire to be independent and make sure they behave responsibly.
How can effective house rules be established?
First of all, get your teenager to take part in making the rules, which can help keep them motivated to follow them. Ask their opinion about what sorts of things they think are important when creating the rules and try to include some of their ideas.
When creating the list of rules, don’t list every single rule imaginable. Instead, try to limit it to the ten most important rules. I’ve seen some parents come up with several pages of rules which turn out to be more like a rule book rather than a list. Remember, it is important to make the list easy to remember and to be a basic guide.
Then, it is important that you write out the list of rules and hang them in a prominent (显眼的) location. Keeping the rules on the refrigerator or displayed somewhere where everyone can see them is a good reminder. Revise the rules whenever there’s a need, not very frequently though.
Explain clearly in advance what negative consequences(后果) will be in store when a rule gets broken. But ensure(保证) that none of your consequences are equal to abusive parenting. For example, take off the rule that says — “if you don’t get home by 11 at night, make arrangements to stay elsewhere until morning”. Let helping with small household chores like cleaning up their own rooms serve as consequences for disobeying rules.
Following these tips on establishing effective house rules accompanied by constant positive reinforcement (执行) will help improve your teenager’s behavior. Hope you can direct your teenager to become a responsible and independent person with the help of house rules!
| Title | Establishing house rules for | |
| Requirements for house rules | They must respect teenagers’ desire to be independent and | |
| Trying to make the rules together | 第一节Ask their opinions 第二节Include their ideas | |
Keeping the house rules simple | 第三节Avoid 第四节Limit the list to the most important rules. | |
| Writing out the list of rules and hanging them somewhere visible | 第一节 第二节Make the rules revised | |
| Giving a clear | 第二节Don’t abuse children if they | |
| Conclusion | Your teenager’s behavior will be | |
【推荐3】Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives. Many will go to great lengths to try to stop. And while not all of us are nail-biters, most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick. So what’s the best way to break one?
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term behavior change. This isn't to say you can’t break a habit. Rather, by understanding the basis of habits, you can create better plans for changing them. For example, we know habits are often affected by environments and routines. Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone, or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day. Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the habit in that space. Moving, switching jobs, or even starting a new schedule, are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising, reading, and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools. When students were no longer around old environments and routines, their habits, even the strong ones, significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting, a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful. Developed by psychologists in the 1970s, the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less detrimental. The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit cues, so you can effectively step in at the right times. For example, if you tend to bite your nails at work, keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance. Then, if a stressful email comes in, use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time, so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through the process.
1. Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in Para.1?| A．To make a comparison. | B．To make a conclusion. |
| C．To introduce the topic. | D．To attract readers' attention. |
| A．Having intentions alone. | B．Understanding the basis of habits. |
| C．Making practical plans. | D．Adapting the environments or times. |
| A．Harmful. | B．Helpful. | C．Annoying. | D．Time-consuming. |
| A．Difficulties in dealing with nail-biting. | B．Significance of habit reversal training. |
| C．Useful tips on getting rid of a habit. | D．Necessity of having grace and patience. |
