A study conducted by Cornell University examined how the use of AI in conversations impacts the way people express themselves and view each other.
The researchers have found people have more efficient conversations, use more positive language and perceive each other more positively when using an Al-enabled chat tool.
However, the group also found that when participants think their partner is using more AI-suggested responses, they consider that partner as less cooperative.
“I was surprised to find people tend to evaluate you more negatively simply because they suspect you’ re using AI to help compose text, regardless of whether you actually are,” said Jess Hohenstein, the lead researcher. “This illustrates the continuous overall doubt that people seem to have around AI.”
For their first experiment, participants were asked to talk about a policy issue and assigned to one of three conditions: both participants can use smart replies; only one participant can use smart replies; or neither participant can use smart replies. Researchers found that using smart replies increased communication efficiency, positive emotional language and positive evaluations by communication partners. On average, smart replies accounted for 14.3% of sent messages.
But participants who their partners suspected of responding with smart replies were evaluated more negatively than those who were thought to have typed their own responses, consistent with common assumptions about the negative implications of AI.
“While Al might be able to help you write,” Hohenstein said, “it’s altering your language in ways you might not expect, especially by making you sound more positive. This suggests that by using text-generating Al, you’re giving up some of your own personal voice.”
Malte Jung, an associate professor, said, “What we observe in this study is the impact that Al has on social dynamics and some of the unintended consequences that could result from integrating AI in social contexts. This suggests that whoever controls the algorithm(算法) may have influence on people’s interactions, language and insights into each other.”
1. What is the text mainly about?| A．Methods of using AI in conversations. |
| B．Efficiency of using AI in conversations. |
| C．Convenience of using AI in conversations. |
| D．Impacts of using AI in conversations. |
| A．By analyzing figures. | B．By making use of AI. |
| C．By making experiments. | D．By completing questionnaires. |
| A．Al always expresses in ways you expect. |
| B．Algorithm will never influence people’s insights. |
| C．Trust can be affected by using AI in conversation. |
| D．You will regain your voice by using AI in conversation. |
| A．Nervous. | B．Uncomfortable. | C．Excited. | D．Puzzled. |
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【推荐1】When we talk about robots, we may immediately think of sci-fi-inspired humanoid machines. While they primarily remain mythical (神话的), there are numerous more types of robots in use today. Robots differ from other machines in how they interact with the world. They have the ability to change their surroundings and respond to the world around them based on their actions. Yet, as we’ve seen, they’re not yet good for all areas of life. Will this, however, change in the future?
By the mid-2030s, business network PwC expects that robots will have automated up to 30% of occupations. According to some projections, the global stock of robots might reach 20 million by 2030, with automated labor displacing (替换) up to 51 million people in the next ten years. While robots are unlikely to take over the world, we may expect to see more of them in our everyday lives.
Robots are transforming the world by assisting people in performing tasks more efficiently and in ways that were previously impossible. Robots help with disaster response, improve physical abilities, serve in sectors that require human connection, and permit exploration beyond Earth’s borders. Robots are having a generally positive impact on the globe. They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money.
Machines and robots with the ability to learn could have an even wider range of behooves. Robots that can adapt to their surroundings, learn new procedures, and change their behavior in the future will be better suitable for more complicated activities. Robots have the potential to improve our lives in the long run. They may be able to improve healthcare and make transportation more efficient, in addition to shouldering the strain of physically demanding or repetitive work.
1. What makes robots different from other machines?| A．The way they respond to the world. |
| B．The surroundings they can adapt to. |
| C．The diversity of their types and effects. |
| D．The important role they play in the world. |
| A．By making comparisons. | B．By analyzing the reasons. |
| C．By listing figures. | D．By giving different opinions. |
| A．They will help humans earn more money. |
| B．They can free humans from housework completely. |
| C．They will take over most areas of people’s future life. |
| D．They may do more good than harm to humans’ future. |
| A．Origins. | B．Applications. | C．Choices. | D．Challenges. |
【推荐2】Instagram is containing so many photos of food — now a pop-up diner in London is taking advantage of this new trend by letting people settle the bill for their meals simply by uploading photos of their dishes to social networks.
I always thought people’s taking pictures of their food was kind of silly, but at this new pop-up restaurant in the UK, I’d probably do it too. “The Picture House” is the world’s first pay-by-photo restaurant — you order, click a photo of the food, share on Instagram and eat for free!
The restaurant belongs to frozen food giant Birds Eye, who came up with the idea to take advantage of people’s obsession (迷恋) with photographing food and sharing the pictures online. They conducted a survey and found out that more than half of the British population regularly took pictures of their meals. So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.
The pop-up diner was open in Soho, London for three days in May, and is now moving to other major UK cities. They serve two-course meals that customers don’t have to pay for, if they photo and Instagram it.
The restaurant is a part of Birds Eye’s “Food for Life” campaign, a new marketing project that aims at changing the way people look at frozen food. “Taking photos of food enables people to show off and to share their mealtime moments — from the everyday to the special,” said marketing director Margaret Jobling.
The reaction to “The Picture House” has been great so far. And the pay-by-picture concept has proven to be an effective way. Alternative payment methods are actually gaining popularity among a lot of businesses. Last year, in a cafe in Germany customers pay by how much time they spend there, not by what they eat.
1. What is Instagram?| A．A restaurant free of charge. | B．A frozen food giant. |
| C．A program used to share photos. | D．A new marketing project. |
| A．Negative. | B．Interested. | C．Confused. | D．Unconcerned. |
| A．To reward the regular customers. |
| B．To raise the price of frozen food. |
| C．To create a new social media trend. |
| D．To change people’s opinions on frozen food. |
| A．Pay by Picture | B．Food for Life |
| C．A New Dining Trend | D．A Pop-up Diner |
【推荐3】People have different ways of dealing with waste paper, specifically used newspapers. Some put them in the recycling area, while others keep them as wrappers (包装纸). While these are both good measures, a Japanese publishing company had a better idea for their end use.
The Mainichi Newspapers Co., Ltd. invented the “Green Newspaper”, which allows people to grow plants with it. This unique newspaper was published on Greenery Day, which is focused on environmental news and made of green paper with seeds placed into it. What makes it even more special is the ink (油墨) used to print words and photos, which is made from plants. The publisher advises readers to tear the used newspaper into small pieces and plant them in a container with soil. They should water them, like they would do for any plant. Within a few weeks, the seeds will grow into plants.
This brilliant concept was invented by Dentsu Inc., one of Japan’s most famous advertising agencies, which works with the publishing company on the initiative (倡议). The publisher’s belief is environmental sustainability (持续性). As its mission statement says, “The Mainichi doesn’t take action only through information, but also by solving global issues.” With joint efforts, this initiative has reached the corners of Japan and sold around millions of copies daily. Other such initiatives producing plantable paper are also seen in India and the US.
About 95 million trees are lost for producing newspapers every year. The Internet, the number of whose users stands for 62.5 percent of the population worldwide, has influenced how people read news and the print readership has dropped greatly. However, the reinvention and reimagination of this newspaper will bring about a change in the publishing industry as well as having an environmental influence.
1. What do we know about the “Green Newspaper”?| A．It uses high-tech materials. |
| B．It provides energy for seeds. |
| C．It’s printed with plant-based ink. |
| D．It’s published to celebrate Greenery Day. |
| A．It’s easier said than done. |
| B．Everything comes to him who waits. |
| C．Many hands make light work. |
| D．Actions speak louder than words. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Supportive. |
| C．Indifferent. | D．Negative. |
| A．About 59 million trees are lost for producing newspapers. |
| B．The Internet has changed the way people read news totally. |
| C．The popularity of the Internet leads to the fall of the print readership. |
| D．The “Green Newspaper” will encourage more people to protect the environment. |
【推荐1】Sonia Kleindorfer was a new director of the Konrad Lorenz Research Center in Austria. At her institute, Konrad Lorenz was a famous Austrian zoologist who could correctly name each kind of goose, which made Kleindorfer feel a certain amount of pressure. “I can do five, but when the next five come, I start to have a mental meltdown,” she says. So she contacted a more technically-minded colleague and asked him: Could he write a program to distinguish these faces?
He said, yes, but he’d need a database of geese photos to work with. Kleindorfer got her team out there, snapping pictures of the geese from every angle. After building the database, they wrote a piece of facial recognition AI that could ID a goose, by looking at specific features of its beak (喙). After a couple of years, the team reports that their goose recognition software is now about 97% accurate.
“Geese have such drama—there are archrivals (劲敌), and jealousy and retribution (报答),” Kleindorfer says. To find out how faces figured into this drama, she presented the geese with full-sized pictures of themselves, their partners, or another member of the flock. She showed evidence that geese seemed to recognize photos of their partners and friends, but not themselves. For further study, Sonia Kleindorfer hopes birdwatchers will someday be able to snap a picture of a goose, ID it, and share its location with scientists. But she adds, just remember, her new research suggests that bird watching goes both ways: Geese can remember faces too. “If you are ever not kind to a goose,” she warns, “that goose may find you again.”
Kleindorfer thinks that facial recognition is going to play a really important role in conservation and ecology. “We need more computer scientists trained in behavioral ecology and we need more conservation scientists trained in computer science,” she says. “But working together, I think we can do this.”
1. What was the problem of Sonia Kleindorfer at work?| A．She was always stressed. | B．She was not able to count the geese. |
| C．She suffered a mental illness. | D．She couldn’t recognize all the geese. |
| A．By snapping pictures of the geese. | B．By presenting the full-sized pictures. |
| C．By identifying the beaks in the photos. | D．By building the database of the geese. |
| A．Birdwatching is a dangerous activity. |
| B．Geese can locate and find human beings. |
| C．Geese have the ability of facial recognition. |
| D．Birdwatchers can snap a picture of a goose. |
| A．Science training. | B．Computer science. |
| C．Photo-taking skills. | D．Cross-subject study. |
【推荐2】Recently, scientists have succeeded in creating the world’s first mental images of objects and landscapes from human brain activity by using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, local media reported.
The team of scientists from the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) and other organizations was able to produce rough images of a leopard, with a recognizable mouth, ears and spotted pattern, as well as objects like an airplane with red lights on its wings, Kyodo News reported Saturday.
The technology, known as “brain decoding,” enables the visualization of perceptual (感知的) contents based on brain activity, and could be applied to the medical and welfare fields, the report said.
Participants were shown 1,200 images of objects and landscapes, with the relationship between their brain signals and the images analyzed and quantified using functional magnetic resonance (磁共振) imaging. The same images were input into the generative AI to learn their correspondence with the brain activity.
The technology could be used in the development of communication devices and to gain an understanding of the brain mechanisms of illusion and dreams, according to the researchers.
QST researcher Kei Majima said humans have used microscopes and other devices to view a world that was invisible to the naked eye, but they have not been able to step inside a person’s mind, noting this is the first time for humans to peer inside another person’s mind.
The findings were published recently in the online edition of the international scientific journal Neural Networks.
1. Which of the following statement is TRUE?| A．Scientists successfully drew the mental images of human activity. |
| B．Scientists managed to produce pictures of leopard which can be recognized. |
| C．By using this AI technology, scientists could draw any object even an airplane. |
| D．This technology has been applied widely in the world. |
| A．The conclusion of the research. |
| B．The procedure of the research. |
| C．The background of the research. |
| D．The importance of the research. |
| A．It could be used in the medical field. |
| B．It could be used in the welfare area. |
| C．It could be used in the development of digital devices. |
| D．It could be used to understand the brain mechanisms of dreams. |
| A．To help people view a world that was invisible to the naked eye. |
| B．To be applied in the medical fields to cure heart diseases. |
| C．To generate AI images of objects and landscapes. |
| D．To provide the opportunity to look into people’s mind. |
【推荐3】Smart technology is helping doctors provide better service in the medical field. At the 2023 World Internet Conference Wuzhen Summit, Xia Bangbo, a doctor from Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, showed a 5G+AR remote emergency medical services system.
With this system, doctors at grassroots(基层的) levels can wear portable AR devices to immediately connect with higher-level medical experts for communication, receiving advanced medical guidance. “In medical work, especially in emergencies, what doctors need most is rapid decision making, which doctors at grassroots levels currently lack in terms of response speed,” said Hong Yucai, director of the emergency department of the hospital. He expressed that this 5G+AR system, using a communication system based on 5G and AR technology for audio and video interactions, rapidly connects grassroots and higher-level doctors.
This 5G+AR system also uses artificial intelligence (AI). Even if a ship carrying it on the sea loses network connection and no doctors are present, the AI doctor in the system will provide real-time guidance to those around. Since its trial run at the beginning of 2022, this smart system has covered more than 40 county-level hospitals and community health service centers in seven counties in Zhejiang.
Another way AI is being used in medical service is to collect and study data from smartwatches and wearables. China’s company Zepp Health recently launched several AI-powered products to go with its existing smart wearables. Zepp Aura, for instance, is a new software service that offers users tailored guidance, sleep analysis, as well as AI-generated sleep music which adjusts in real time based on the user’s heart rate.
With the development of AI, big data, and other innovative tools, smart technology in healthcare will certainly be changing the game in more ways.
1. What problem does the 5G+AR system solve?| A．The slow reaction of grassroots doctors to medical cases. |
| B．The poor medical equipment in remote areas. |
| C．The lack of communication between grassroots doctors. |
| D．The inexperience of young doctors. |
| A．Improve medical level of hospitals in cities. |
| B．Collect data from users’ smartwatches. |
| C．Guide ordinary people to handle medical emergencies. |
| D．Provide audio and video materials for higher-level doctors. |
| A．Multi-functional. | B．Cost-effective. |
| C．Groundbreaking. | D．Lifelike. |
| A．Smart Technology Betters the World. |
| B．AI’s Development Promotes People’s Health. |
| C．Smart Technology Improves Medical Service. |
| D．Medical Field Is Changed Completely by AI. |
