The Living Planet Index (LPI) report shows that wildlife numbers have dropped sharply since 1970. It says that, on average, wildlife populations dropped by 69% in the 48 years from 1970 to 2018. That’s a huge drop. Marco Lambertini, who leads the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), said, “The message is clear and the lights are flashing red.”
The LPI is reporting the average change in the size of animal populations over time. Some kinds of animals are in worse trouble than others. Populations of vertebrates (脊椎动物) that live in fresh water (not oceans) have dropped by 83%. The numbers of sharks and rays in the oceans have gone down by 71%. Central and South America and the Caribbean had the greatest population losses — a drop by 94%. Next came Africa, with a 66% drop, followed by Asia and the Pacific with a 55% drop. Europe and North America showed smaller losses. These areas probably had greater losses before 1970.
The biggest problem is the loss of wild areas to growing cities, and activities like farming and deforestation. Hunting, poaching (偷猎), overfishing, and pollution are also big challenges. Climate change is a growing problem, and may soon be the biggest one.
But there are some hopeful signs. About half of the populations are jarless or growing. In some cases, human efforts to protect animals are working. For example, nests of loggerhead turtles in Chrysochou Bay, Cyprus rose by 500% from 1999 to 2015 because of efforts to protect them.
An international meeting on biodiversity this December is seen as extremely important. The meeting, called COP15, is being run by the United Nations in Montreal, Canada. The meeting’s goal is to get countries to agree to new guidelines to help stop the loss of animals, plants and wild lands by 2030. “Our future depends on reversing (逆转) the loss of nature just as much as it depends on addressing climate change,” says Carter Roberts, who leads WWF in the US. “And you can’t solve one without solving the other.”
1. What does Marco Lambertini say about the drop of wildlife numbers?A.It’s alarming. | B.It’s unreal. |
C.It’s tolerable. | D.It’s puzzling. |
A.Fast development of big cities. |
B.Effects that climate change brings. |
C.Causes for wildlife populations’ decline. |
D.Challenges of protecting wild animals. |
A.Stable. | B.Considerable. |
C.Imbalanced. | D.Shrinking. |
A.It is hosted by the UN for the first time. |
B.It reports the main threats to humankind. |
C.It offers a way to deal with climate change. |
D.It aims to make new rules to protect nature. |
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【推荐1】What is Earth Day? It’s a day to celebrate, praise and notice Mother Earth.
For Earth Day, and every day for that matter, go outside.
Go for a walk. Look, listen and smell the world around you.
Kiss the trees. Dance in a meadow. Sing with the birds. Play in the dirt. Join the animals and the birds and the angels, the silent song of the flowers and trees in praise of her.
A.Take some deep breaths. |
B.Let her know you are thankful. |
C.You can do it for healthy purposes. |
D.And honor her with a promise to act. |
E.Remember to be responsible as possible as you can. |
F.Engage all of your senses and notice what you often don’t. |
G.A day to remember all she is, all she does, and all she gives. |
【推荐2】Sixteen miles off the windswept coast of northern Scotland, the future of renewable energy is taking shape. Turning rhythmically in the breeze, the five enormous turbines of the Hywind Scotland wind farm look like any other off-shore wind project, except one major difference — they’re floating.
While conventional offshore turbines sit atop mental and concrete towers fixed into the seabed, Hywind’s turbines rest on floating steel structures that rise and fall with waves. Carefully balanced, they remain upright despite the waving conditions. This simple sounding, yet extremely complex design is changing the way green developers view offshore wind.
It could prove to be an important development as the world attempts to meet the net zero carbon emission targets that countries committed to in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The energy department as a whole currently accounts for around three quarters of all the greenhouse gases emitted by human activity.
To cut those emissions, green electricity will need to be at the main source of global energy, according to the International Energy Agency. It says that by 2024, half of the world’s energy needs will have to be met by electricity produced in a net zero way.
With growing numbers of electric vehicles, combined with increased demand for electricity to replace fossil fuels in domestic and industrial uses, electricity networks will also need to become far more flexible with more ways to generate and store energy. It means that by 2045, our energy network could look thoroughly different to the way it does today. Projects like Hywind’s floating wind farm offer a present-day glimpse of what the future could look like.
While floating turbines overcome some of the issues that make offshore wind farms in deep waters impossible, there are still challenges to be overcome. There are some concerns about what impact large wind turbines might have on the marine environment. The price of floating wind projects is also still high — costing almost twice as much per megawatt hour of electricity produced compared to bottom-fixed offshore wind. But those costs are expected to drop as the technology becomes increasingly advanced, as has been seen with other wind energy projects, helping pave the way towards net zero emissions, and a future powered by carbon-free fuel.
1. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “emitted” in the third paragraph?A.Released. | B.Replaced. | C.Wasted. | D.Influenced. |
A.Disapproving. | B.Objective. | C.Doubtful. | D.Indifferent. |
A.To share his research on energy. | B.To call on people to save energy. |
C.To replace the traditional fossil fuels. | D.To introduce a clean renewable energy. |
【推荐3】One supermarket chain in Finland has come up with a way to reduce food waste. All 900 S-Market stores throughout the country knock 60 percent off already-reduced meat and fish at 9 o'clock each evening in an effort to move it off shelves before expiring (过期) at midnight.
“It’s part of a two-year campaign to reduce food waste that company managers decided to call ‘happy hour’ in the hope of drawing in regular customers.”
It makes customers get super-cheap food, sellers don’t have to pay for disposal and it eases the burden on the planet.
Reducing food waste is not often enough seen as an effective solution to the climate crisis. Energy, for example, receives more focus than food, and yet food is something that individuals can and should solve on a personal level. A recent UN report stated that a shocking one-third of food produced for human consumption never gets eaten. This equals 1.3 billion tons of food worth $680 billion. From the report: “Causes of food loss and waste differ greatly between developed and developing countries, as well as between regions. Reducing this loss and waste would reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放物) and improve food security.”
Supermarkets are well positioned to make a difference when it comes to food waste, but they have to be willing to accept some financial losses. Reducing prices on nearly-expired food is an excellent place to start, as is doing away with discounts, e.g. two for the price of one, which encourages over-buying.
Individuals have a responsibility, too, to eat more of what they buy. Take a moment to look at the contents of your refrigerator before shopping and work with what you have, in order of how soon items will expire. Don’t be influenced by in-the-moment desires. Consider mentioning the S-Market new act to your local grocery store, in hopes that it, too, will consider carrying a happy hour of sorts out.
1. What does S-Market’s act result in?A.Greater recognition. | B.A win-win-win situation. |
C.More financial profit. | D.More new customers. |
A.Solving it is an effective way to fight climate crisis. |
B.It is much more serious than people think. |
C.People don’t have the awareness of avoiding food waste. |
D.People need to quickly find out the reason for food waste. |
A.To buy with care. |
B.To take action immediately. |
C.To join local grocery stores’ campaign. |
D.To come up with new ways to solve food waste. |
A.It is Everyone’s Responsibility to Solve Food Waste |
B.Food Waste Hasn’t Been Taken Seriously Enough |
C.Finnish Supermarkets Use “Happy Hour” to Fight Food Waste |
D.Finnish Supermarkets Sell Nearly-expired Food |
【推荐1】While some say school safety depends on guns, cameras or alarms in classrooms, Mark Gomer and Kristi Schiller think specially trained dogs should play an important role in preventing violence in schools.
Gomer’s for-profit company has sent a gun-and-drug detecting dog to patrol (巡查) the halls of an Ohio high school, while Schiller is launching a nonprofit program in Houston to give schools the trained dogs for free.
Gomer’s first full-time safety dog is a three-year-old Dutch shepherd named Atticus, who is reported to duty this school year at Oak Hills High School in Green Township in southwest Ohio. The dog was trained at the school before the summer break, said Gomer, co-owner of American Success Dog Training in Bridgetown, Ohio. Atticus has won over students, parents, teachers and district Superintendent Todd Yohey, who initially worried what people would think of him spending $10,000 on a dog. Gomer has talked to a lot of parents and faculty, and they are saying it was money well-spent, he said.
For her part Schiller is looking to provide safety dogs to schools free of charge. She hopes her new initiative, program “K9S4KIDS”, does for schools what her program “K9S4COPS” did for police departments. She has placed more than 60 dogs with agencies in three years. “These dogs are extremely social, yet highly qualified warriors that are accustomed to going straight to the source of a threat or shooter and disengaging the suspect armed with the weapon,” said Schiller.
As the programs get up and running, questions remain about possible health problems and distractions the dogs can cause.
A school safety expert said those are concerns parents and schools will have to work out. Ken Trump, president of the Cleveland-based National School Safety and Security Services consulting firm, discussed the issue in general because he was not familiar with either program.
He said the dogs would have to be extremely social to deal with students’ initial excitement “Kids are going to like those dogs,” Trump said, “There are concerns to work around, but with the right dogs and right handler and the right policies and procedures, they should be very beneficial. The dog might be a distraction in the beginning, but they will become part of what students expect to see when they go to school.” “There is so much these dogs can do,” said Ted Dahlin, a deputy who serves on the K9S4COPS board of directors. “If I were going to pick a school to make trouble, it would be one that I knew didn’t have a dog.”
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Gomer’s program?A.Atticus is only welcomed by students. |
B.Atticus is provided to the schools free of charge. |
C.The main job of Atticus is to patrol a school in Houston. |
D.Parents and faculty think the money spent on Atticus is worthwhile. |
A.dogs have a sharp sense of threat and danger |
B.she is confident that the dogs are helpful in schools |
C.dogs are a kind of helpful, loyal and qualified animal |
D.even suspects armed with weapons are afraid of dogs |
A.believes that dogs can be part of students’ school life |
B.is a school safety expert supporting one of the programs |
C.doesn’t approve of students’ attitudes about dogs in schools |
D.agrees that the concerns outweigh the benefits of the program |
A.he is not going to make trouble in schools |
B.having a dog strengthens a school’s safety |
C.he likes dogs and really wants to have one |
D.more should be considered for planning a crime |
The plan to offer free seats to people aged between 18 to 26—funded with £2.5 million of taxpayers’ money—was announced yesterday by Andy Burnham, the Culture Secretary. It received a cautious welcome from some in the arts world, who expressed concern that the tickets may not reach the most underprivileged.
The plan comes as West End theatres are enjoying record audiences, thanks largely to musicals teaming up with television talent shows. Attendances reached. 13.6 million in 2007, up 10 percent on 2006, itself a record year. Total sales were up 18 percent on 2006 to almost £470 million.
One theatre source criticised the Government’s priorities(优先考虑的事) in funding free tickets when pensioners were struggling to buy food and fuel, saying: “I don’t know why the Government’s wasting money on this. The Yong Vic, as The Times reported today, offers excellent performances at cheap prices.”
There was praise for the Government’s plan from Dominic Cooke of the Royal Court Theatre, who said: “I support any move to get young people into theatre, and especially one that aims to do it all over England, not just in London.”
Ninety-five publicly funded theatres could apply for funding under the two-year plan. In return, they will offer free tickets on at least one day each week to 18 to 26-year-olds, first-come, first-served. It is likely to be on Mondays, traditionally a quiet night for the theatre.
Mr. Burnham said: “A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience, and be inspired to explore a new world. But sometimes people miss out on it because they fear it’s ‘not for them’. It’s time to change this perception.”
Jeremy Hunt, the Shadow Culture Secretary, said: “The real issue is not getting enthusiastic children into the theatre, but improving arts education so that more young people want to go in the first place. For too many children theatres are a no-go area.”
1. Critics of the plan argued that ______.
A.the theatres would be overcrowded |
B.it would be a waste of money |
C.pensioners wouldn’t get free tickets |
D.the government wouldn’t be able to afford it |
A.benefit the television industry |
B.focus on producing better plays |
C.help increase the sales of tickets |
D.involve all the young people in England |
A.Ninety-five theatres have received funding. |
B.Everyone will get at least one free ticket. |
C.It may not benefit all the young people. |
D.Free tickets are offered once every day. |
A.many plays are not for young people |
B.many young people don’t like theatre |
C.people know little about the plan |
D.children used to receive good arts education |
A.controversial | B.inspiring | C.exciting | D.unreasonable |
【推荐3】Amanda Seyfried didn’t grow up with dogs. With her busy work schedule, she didn’t think she could take care of a dog. In fact, she wasn’t looking for a furry friend at all.
But then she met Finn. Today, the 34-year-old actress, who’s known for films Mamma Mia, is a dog owner and a spokeswoman at the welfare organization Best Friends Animal Society.
“I can’t imagine my life without him,” Seyfried says of 6.5-year-old Australian shepherd Finn, who is allowed on her U.S. set. If for some reason he can’t join Seyfried on location --- like on a recent trip when she traveled from France to China, Seyfried requests from her dog sitter twice — daily videos of him.
Now with a new video for Best Friends Animal Society, she calls herself Finn’s “stage mother.”
Seyfried and Finn shot an 80s-themed video for the 9000StepsChallenge, which asks animal owners to walk 9,000 steps with their pets on the ninth day of the month to raise awareness to the fact that more than 9,000 dogs and cats are euthanized (安乐死) in shelters each day because there’s not enough room.
As for the video shoot, in which Seyfried and Finn walked the 9,000 steps --- it was more exhausting than a long walk. Seyfried was Finn’s trainer on the shoot. She believes that instead of being Finn’s cp-star, she’ll go back to being BFFs.
1. Why did Seyfried originally refuse a pet dog?A.She wasn’t not yet a spokeswoman. |
B.She wasn’t used to being with a dog. |
C.She was too busy to care for a dog. |
D.She had not enough room for a dog. |
A.Finn. | B.Seyfried. |
C.The dog sitter. | D.Finn’s best friend. |
A.To show how deep she loves Finn. |
B.To train Finn to have a long walk. |
C.To take part in an animal cp-star show. |
D.To call on public attention to pets’ life. |
A.News | B.Life |
C.Education | D.Sports |