In the workplace, there are many different cultures that coexist — including the company culture, the local culture of the business and the national or regional cultures of employees.
The culture of the workplace starts with the company’s vision, mission and core values and helps the leadership team manage the employees. It affects all major operations, including recruiting and onboarding employees, providing employees with compensation (赔偿金) and benefits and rewarding employees for good behavior. It also informs the way an organization trains and develops its staff, how it promotes employees and any workplace traditions it follows.
The work environment is deeply affected by the culture of the organization. For example, if one of the main elements of the workplace culture is teamwork, employees will know how important it is to help one another. They will be less competitive with each other, and will instead focus on succeeding together. Such a cultural characteristic can enable teams to be highly productive and motivated.
Local culture affects the way people behave in the workplace. For example, if it is a custom in local culture to spend a lot of time enjoying the natural landscape, then many employees will place importance on that activity as well. This may mean that employees spend their evenings and weekends hiking in the woods or swimming at the beach.
Employers can use elements of local culture to connect with and motivate their employees. Using this example of cultural behavior, the workplace can offer outdoor recreational passes as prizes for hitting business targets. In addition, having company functions outside at the beach or at a local park can further engage and inspire employees.
In today’s global economy, it’s common for workplaces to be made up of people from different national and regional cultures. Being culturally sensitive and aware helps employees to communicate effectively with their teammates and work toward shared goals. It’s important for employers to take cultural diversity into account when establishing their workplace policies. Teach employees how to be culturally sensitive to their colleagues and customers who have different cultural backgrounds. This can be done through cultural sensitivity training, and by learning about fellow workers. Consider creating a cross-cultural etiquette PDF and documenting how different cultures behave with regard to specific aspects of work. National and regional cultures can affect the way people communicate with one another, the holidays they celebrate and their relationship to time.
1. Which one does good workplace culture NOT contribute to?| A．The rise of level of performance in the workplace. |
| B．The promotion of workplace traditions. |
| C．The building of teamwork. |
| D．The more competitive working environment. |
| A．It matches employees’ hobby. |
| B．It is a way for the employees to get close to nature to relax themselves. |
| C．It is a cultural behavior used to effectively motivate the employees. |
| D．It is a custom to follow. |
| A．By giving business training. |
| B．By cultivating cultural awareness. |
| C．By reading a cross-cultural custom PDF instead of paper. |
| D．By changing the holidays its employees celebrate and their relationship to time. |
| A．Local culture. | B．Nature and outdoor activities. |
| C．Cultural behavior in the workplace. | D．Cultural diversity. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.
When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”
Hit the streets with confidence.
Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested. Don’t get discouraged.
If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.
| A．Limit your time. |
| B．As you approach people, be polite. |
| C．If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one. |
| D．For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task. |
| E．To get good and useful results, ask them the same question. |
| F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need. |
| G．With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply. |
Advantages
Work experience: Last year, more than 1,400 positions were available across all departments. The jobs wary from one department to the next, and in most cases, participants find a position in their chosen field.
Money: During the regular academic year(September to April), you can work party-time and earn $3,200---sometimes more---while you take courses! During the summer time, you work full-time and can earn around $6,000 over 18 weeks.
Easy access: Applying for the program is easy. There is no need for face-to-face interview. All the forms you need are online; just fill in the forms and email us; we accept no letter or phone application!
Did you know?
At the University of Ottawa, it is not necessary to receive government assistance to qualify for our Work-Study Program
You could have one of these great Work-Study jobs:
·Student ambassador
·Computing and network technician
·Marketing assistant
·Sports team manager
·Researcher/translator/Writer
And more!
The admission Section receives and evaluates applications to undergraduate programs, in addition to answering applicants’ questions.
Phone: 613-562-5315 Toll-free: 1-877-868-8292(#5315)
1. What will you benefit from the program if accepted?
| A．You can make $ 3,200 in the academic year at least. |
| B．You will get $ 6,000 scholarship a year. |
| C．You can take courses free of charge. |
| D．You may get more academic scores. |
| A．Get some working experience. |
| B．Take a face-to face interview |
| C．Phone the Admission Section telling your needs. |
| D．Complete your application forms and email them. |
| A．get some government assistance. |
| B．show your financial need. |
| C．perform well in your studies. |
| D．posses computing techniques |
【推荐3】Movie Extras
“Would you mind lying in a coffin? Would you shave your head? Are you willing to take out your false teeth?”
These are just a few of the questions Anne Marie Stewart and her staff sometimes ask the “talent” who serve as non-speaking “extras” in special films, television series, and made-for-TV movies produced in Toronto.
Of course, the majority of extra calls are for more ordinary people, and Stewart has a list of about 650 registered extras. Crowd scenes, which are common, call for everyday people of all ages, ethnic backgrounds, and sizes.
Over at Movie People, last-minute requests are not unusual. “We got a request once for an entire brass band of 30 people. They wanted it within the hour,” said manager Yvonne McCartney. Another time, the company got a last-minute request for a newborn baby. “We found a baby that was three weeks premature,” said Jonathan Aiken, an owner of the company.
Then there was the worried call from a casting director whose “Star” got doggone stubborn one day and decided to just lie down and not work. The director needed a replacement dog, fast. “We got them two in one hour.” said Aiken. “It was a matter of good connections and fast phone work.” The eight phone lines needed to make 350 to 400 calls a day are one of Movie People’s major expenses.
Phone lines are the only way to stay in touch with casting directors and extras; but the latter are a group not necessarily interested in a long-term relationship. Most extra jobs pay only $7 an hour (with a six-hour minimum), while most agencies charge an annual $75 registration fee and get 10 to 15 per cent of extras’ earnings. It’s no wonder that the turnover rate is fairly high.
Some people who are between jobs do extra work as a temporary measure, said McCartney. But professionals, such as lawyers, also do the work because it’s interesting. Others with flexible jobs have a desire to do something different. Some homemakers want to get out of the house and onto a movie set. Money’s not the motivating reason.
“One of the first things I say to people who walk in and ask about being an extra is, ‘You have to be available,’” said a person at Karen Clifton Agency. Inc. “The next thing I say is, ‘You can't make a living at this.’”
1. What kind of people are movie extras?| A．TV series makers. |
| B．Casting directors. |
| C．Non-professional movie actors. |
| D．Agents for movie stars. |
| A．have special talents |
| B．have a flexible schedule |
| C．make good connections |
| D．make hundreds of phone calls daily |
| A．They want to make more money. |
| B．They want to start a career in acting. |
| C．They think their regular job is boring. |
| D．They think being on the stage is enjoyable. |
| A．business profit |
| B．the loss of staff |
| C．market demand |
| D．operation expenses |
【推荐1】Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human conditions is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful(有压力的) conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third,we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting(转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally,other people may give us instrumental support — money aid, material resources, and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.
1. Interpersonal relationships are important because they can ________.| A．make people live more easily |
| B．smooth away daily problems |
| C．deal with life changes |
| D．cure types of illnesses |
| A．lies in the social medical care systems which support them |
| B．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others |
| C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles |
| D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes |
| A．Takes place of. | B．Makes up of. |
| C．Lessens the effect of. | D．Gets rid of. |
| A．instrumental support |
| B．informational support |
| C．social companionship |
| D．the strengthening of self-respect |
【推荐2】When we think of the term women of Influence, what comes to our mind? Are they women who have social status and power, whose work brings about great changes for their communities, countries and the world? As women of influence their work is important.
There are other women of influence whose roles are equally as important but often go unnoticed in social media. The roles our mothers, grandmothers, sisters, aunts play in our lives, influencing the people we’ve grown to be. These women also lead by example with love, strength, gentleness. They made and continue to make personal sacrifices (牺牲) so that we can be healthy and happy.
There are many women in my life who have helped me grow into the woman I am today. First my Mom, whose strength and courage showed me how to be strong and courageous too. My memories of her still fill me with love and inspiration. My grandmother taught me by example, how to age gracefully while continuing to stay connected to the world around her even when she became too old to go out.
I am grateful to many friends of all ages, who share my joys, my sorrows, celebrated my strengths as well as my weaknesses. Without the influence of all these women in my life I would not be the woman I am today. For each and every one of these beautiful women, I am deeply grateful for their wisdom, love and guidance along my life journey.
I would like to wish all the women of the world a Happy Mothers day. You make a difference to the men, women and children who come into contact with you each and every day. No matter what your role is, you are a woman of influence.
1. How is the passage mainly developed?| A．In order of time. | B．In order of space. |
| C．By listing examples. | D．By giving explanations. |
| A．Proud. | B．Uncertain. |
| C．Disappointed. | D．Thankful. |
| A．Women of Influence must make great contributions. |
| B．Women of Influence must have social status and power. |
| C．Women of Influence affect us greatly in our daily life. |
| D．Women of Influence make a little difference to the public. |
| A．To encourage girls to be great women. |
| B．To show love to the women around us. |
| C．To explain the phrase women of influence. |
| D．To introduce women of influence in social media. |
【推荐3】When your friend is going through a crisis, whether it’s a break-up or an illness, you will want to be there to support and encourage them. The following are some tips for you.
Offer practical help. Instead of offering advice, what you can offer is some actual help. This is what someone struggling to deal with a difficult situation truly needs.
Let your friend deal with their emotions in their own time.
Continue to check in. People have a tendency to be very concerned about someone immediately after their life falls apart, but fall away as time goes on.
| A．Share your advice |
| B．Make sure you don’t do this |
| C．Listen to them without judgment |
| D．Even doing some little things can make a difference |
| E．But don’t be surprised if that isn’t what they’re really after |
| F．Let your family members know you are here to support them |
| G．Emotions involved in difficult life changes tend to come in waves |
【推荐1】Past surveys have shown that more than 80% of dog owners report observing jealous (妒忌的)behaviors from their dogs when they give attention to other dogs.
Dogs appear to be one of the few species that might show jealous behaviors in ways similar to a human child showing jealousy when their mother shows love for another child.
To test how and when dogs show jealous behavior, researchers set up an experiment where 18 dogs imagined their owners interacting (互动)with either a realistic-looking stuffed (毛绒填充的)dog or a similarly sized wool-covered cylinder that looked nothing like a dog. The stuffed dog played the role of a possible competitor.
In the experiment, first, the dogs watched the stuffed dog next to their owner. Then, an object was placed between the dog and the stuffed animal so they could no longer see the possible competitor. The dogs pulled strongly on their ropes when their owners appeared to be petting the stuffed dog behind the object. In a second experiment, the dogs pulled on the ropes with less force when the owners appeared to be petting the wool-covered cylinder.
Through their study, Bastos and her colleagues found that dogs showed human-like jealous behavior. The finding is different from earlier research because it's the first to show dogs can mentally imagine social interactions that they can't directly see, Bastos says. It also showed that the jealous behavior happened due to the interaction, and not when the owner and the competitor were in the same room but not interacting.
This research is only the first step, and more research is necessary to figure out if dogs experience jealousy the same way people do. "This is a very difficult question to answer scientifically," Bastos says. "We may never have an answer!"
1. Which of the following is true according to the passage?| A．Most of the animals besides dogs can show jealous behaviors. |
| B．The experiments show that dogs are friendly to their competitors. |
| C．Dogs show jealous behaviors when their owners pet their children. |
| D．The conclusion Bastos and her co-workers drew differs from earlier research. |
| A．Study on dog's jealous behavior has a long way to go. |
| B．It has been proved that dogs are jealous of their competitors. |
| C．The way dogs experience jealousy is exactly the same as humans do. |
| D．It's no use doing further research since there will be no scientific answer. |
| A．Sociable Pets — Dogs | B．Dogs Love Their Owners |
| C．Jealous Species — Dogs | D．Dogs Dislike Other Animals |
【推荐2】For students feeling the pinch from the pandemic, how to fund academic efforts has been a tough nut to crack—but an Indonesian college has a refreshing new idea.
A hospitality college in Bali, Indonesia, has begun accepting coconuts as payment when students face economic hardship as a result of the coronavirus disease.
When students at the Venus Tourism Academy pay their fees with coconuts, the college will use them to harvest natural coconut oil, UPI reported.
Alternatively, students can pay using leaves from moringa and gotu kola plants, which can be transformed into herbal soap and sold to raise money for the academy, Food & Wine added.
The program has been running since March, after the college received a permit to allow it to operate on this basis, according to The Bali Sun.
Venus Tourism Academy’s director, Wayan PasekAdi Putra, told local news outlet Balipuspa News: “Initially, the students who face economic hardship can pay for their fees by divided payments in three times, with the first installment at 50%, the second 20%, and the third 30%. Because of this Covid pandemic, we have adapted a flexible policy. We produce coconut oil, so students can pay their tuition by bringing coconuts.”
He added: “We have to educate them to optimize the natural resources in their surroundings. When the pandemic is over, they will enter the world of hospitality with different skills.”
Students staying in areas with the highest numbers of COVID-19 cases are not allowed to attend lectures in person. Those from less-affected areas are divided into three groups and must take their classes by turns, according to Food & Wine.
Bali is a major international tourist destination but in August, the Balinese government closed the island to non-Indonesian visitors until 2021, BBC News reported.
1. According to the media, what can we know about the college?| A．The college will use coconuts to make chocolates. |
| B．Other produce can also be accepted as payments. |
| C．Since March the program has been running without permission. |
| D．Herbal soap can be made of coconuts. |
| A．Divided payments arose before coconuts payments |
| B．Compared with coconuts payments, divided payments is more flexible. |
| C．By producing coconut oil, students paid their fees. |
| D．Natural resources are limited, so students should save them. |
| A．Take an online class | B．By shortening learning hours |
| C．By attending small classes | D．Learn by oneself |
| A．Accepting coconuts as gifts | B．Coconuts-a special payment in a college |
| C．Sufferings of COVID-19 | D．A special college in Indonesia |
【推荐3】For most people, nothing is better than having an iced beer after you are back home in hot summer.
1. Beer reduces risk of heart disease You can easily reduce the risk of heart disease by 30% or more if you are one of the individuals who drink a pint of beer per day. The result is totally opposite if you drink too much beer. Be careful with your portions.
2.
Beer prevents diabetes due to the alcohol content which increases insulin (胰岛素) sensitivity. Also, beer is rich in dissolvable fiber that is so needed if the individual suffers from diabetes.
Beer minimizes risk of cancer Xanthohumol (抗氧化剂黄腐酚) is found in beer, which is very important since it has anti-cancer properties. Drinking beer in moderation speeds up chemical reactions that keep off the risk of prostate cancer (前列腺癌) in males.
4. Beer manages blood pressure
According to the recent studies carried out by Harvard researchers, middle-aged women who drink beer in moderation were much less likely to develop high blood pressure. Other alcoholic drinks do not have the same properties.
5. Beer treats dandruff (头皮屑)
You’ll be surprised to find the annoying dandruff finally gone.
| A．Beer lowers risk of diabetes. |
| B．Beer improves your oily skin. |
| C．Believe it or not, women should also drink beer. |
| D．At the same time, you may be a little nervous and guilty. |
| E．Some people prefer a beer to some pills when they get a cold in summer. |
| F．Remember it is how much beer you consume that matters to your health. |
| G．Beer is much healthier than all the shampoos and conditioners (护发素) that you see on the shelves in the supermarket or in advertisements. |
