American high school students who slept less than seven hours each night during the pandemic were more likely to struggle in school. That finding comes from a recent study from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC.
For the study, the CDC questioned 7,705 students about their sleep schedules and success in school. More than two-thirds of the students said they experienced more difficulty in their schoolwork during the pandemic than before the pandemic. About 75 percent of the students did not sleep enough during the pandemic, the study found students who reported poor mental health during the pandemic were also more likely to get less sleep. Overall, 37 percent of the students said they struggled with their mental health during the pandemic. But about 50 percent of the students who slept five hours or less each night said they had poor mental health.
As students recover from learning loss due to the pandemic, “schools can consider including policies and practices known to improve sleep duration (持续时间)” the CDC said. Teenagers experience many physical changes when they go through puberty (青春期). A good sleep schedule can improve test performance. As children get older, there is a change in their body’s natural clock. Before puberty, children may feel sleepy around 8 or 9 at night. But when they become teenagers, the body’s clock changes to make them tied much later around 10 or 11 at night. Because of this, many teenagers may experience an inability to sleep.
Some school systems around the U.S. are pushing back start times for high schools so students can get more sleep. Usually, high schools start the earliest compared to middle and primary schools. The National Center for Education Statistics says the average start time for U.S. high schools is 8 a.m. But the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a start time of 8:30. The organization Start School Later supports pushing back school start times. It says at least 13, 000 school systems in the United States have pushed back start times.
1. What can we know from Paragraph 2?| A．The sleep duration can affect mental health. |
| B．Students worked harder during the pandemic. |
| C．Half of the students have mental health problems. |
| D．Two-thirds of the students did not sleep enough in 2020. |
| A．The academic stress changes their sleep patterns. |
| B．The bioclock keeps them fresh until late at night. |
| C．They can’t arrange a good sleep schedule on their own. |
| D．They go through many physical changes during puberty. |
| A．When is the best time for students to go to school. |
| B．Why high schools start classes at the earliest time. |
| C．How pushing back school start ties affects school. |
| D．What school systems did to improve students’ sleep. |
| A．In a school report. | B．In a children’s book. |
| C．In a health magazine. | D．In a pandemic guide. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】It is easier to negotiate (谈判) first salary requirement because once you are insider, the organizational constraints influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story.
I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.
It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit (价值), but “nice” isn’t a quality shared by most organizations. If you feel you deserve a good raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it.
Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to prove that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.
Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?
Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.
1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should .| A．prove his ability | B．give his boss a good impression |
| C．ask for as much money as he can | D．ask for the salary he hopes to get |
| A．Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations. |
| B．If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it. |
| C．People should not be content with what they have got. |
| D．People should be careful when negotiating for a job. |
| A．unfairness exists in salary increases |
| B．most people are overworked and underpaid |
| C．one should avoid overstating one’s performance |
| D．most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises |
| A．advertise himself on the job market |
| B．persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract |
| C．try to get inside information about the organization |
| D．do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions |
【推荐2】Researchers have been trying to uncover the cause of a steady decline of drug and alcohol use in teens. Some suspect it’s due to anti-drug campaigns or the decline of cigarettes as a gateway drug. But another theory has begun to surface. Is a new drug replacing the old ones? Are smart phones taking their place?
I noticed that using my smart phone took away so many life experiences. I hadn’t minded before when my own phone could distract me, but now I felt annoyed when my friends or family used their phones when we were together. Sure it was uncomfortable at first, not having a clutch (紧握) to fall back on when I didn’t feel like talking.But we shouldn’t use our devices as the universal conversation avoider, or as our distraction from the discomfort of human interaction. How can we learn to interact when our phones are on hand at all times to prevent ourselves from doing so?
Still, smart phones can sometimes be wonderful tools. They allow us to take beautiful photos and help us connect with old friends and maintain long-distance relationships. They allow us to have an endless amount of information at our fingertips, and give us directions to whatever destinations. But we must consider how every tool smart phones provide us with can also influence our lives. Not only does smart phone and screen use have an effect on relationships, it can also shape an individual and the brain. Studies have shown that excessive Internet usage can cause increased depression, loneliness, and anxiety in adolescents.
So my advice to teens who feel the same way as I do? My decision to go without a phone was definitely extreme, considering our generation. So try ditching your phone for a week. Observe how it affects your relationships, your mood, and your presence. You just might end up feeling less stressed, happier, and more connected.
1. How does the author introduce the topic?| A．By presenting study findings. |
| B．By creating a new theory. |
| C．By asking questions. |
| D．By doing research. |
| A．They are perfectly designed. |
| B．Their features are striking. |
| C．Their operations are too complex. |
| D．They have an impact on social life. |
| A．Bad family relationship. |
| B．Too much Internet time. |
| C．Easy access to smart phones. |
| D．Harmful online information. |
| A．Giving up. | B．Giving away. | C．Turning down. | D．Turning back. |
【推荐3】The Internet is a place where we can talk freely. But it is also a place where we pay little attention to a worrying fact.
According to a recent survey by China Youth, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined.
To improve our language skills, we should try to think independently and develop our own language logic.
| A．Words are in general being used more. |
| B．We should also read more works of literature. |
| C．That is, our language competence is becoming poorer. |
| D．If this trend continues, it could influence our way of thinking. |
| E．People can share photos online with little need for digital technology. |
| F．Some simply pick up expressions from the Internet without much thought. |
| G．Digital technology and Internet memes (表情包) have changed their communication habits. |
1. “Be careful not to scratch the furniture" most probably means “Be careful not to ”．
| A．remove any marks | B．damage its surface |
| C．make any noises | D．change its position |
| A．We scratched some of the dirt away |
| B．The car's paintwork is badly scratched |
| C．The dog; kept scratching at the door to go out． |
| D．They scratched lines in the dirt to make marks |
| A．take part in a race | B．cancel a prepared activity' |
| C．make a living af6ne | D．make enough money |
| A．had previously well prepared |
| B．was unsatisfied with her German |
| C．knew no German before that |
| D．found few materials available |
【推荐2】World Book Day falls on April 23rd every year，but do you know that it is also Shakespeare Day? Everybody may have heard of Shakespeare，but do you know how many plays he wrote?
Shakespeare’s plays have three kinds：tragedies，comedies and histories. His most famous play is the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet，which deals with two young lovers who are not allowed to marry by their parents. Other tragedies include Hamlet，Othello，and Macbeth.
Shakespeare’s comedies include Much Ado About Nothing ,A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Twelfth Night. Twelfth Night is a play about unclear identities. Two twins are shipwrecked (遭海难)and the sister，Viola，dresses up as her brother，Sebastian，who she thinks is dead. It’s funny，because the brother reappears and there’s a big love problem going on：Viola is in love with the Duke，who is in love with Olivia，who falls in love with Sebastian except that she doesn’t realize that Sebastian is actually Viola dressed up！Everybody falls in love with the wrong person，but it is all made right in the end.
Some of his history plays，such as Antony and Cleopatra，Richard III and Henry V, are based on the lives of real historical people. In Antony and Cleopatra，Cleopatra becomes Antony’s girlfriend and Antony becomes so crazy about her that he loses control of the army. Cleopatra kills herself in the end and Antony kills himself too.
Shakespeare’s plays can he very difficult sometimes. Some of the themes they deal with are heavy，so they almost always include a lighter subplot with characters that are not so important. They are often used in tragedies to lighten the mood of the play and to keep the audience interested in the main plot.
1. Which of the following plays is best－known to people?| A．Twelfth Night. | B．Antony and Cleopatra. |
| C．Romeo and Juliet. | D．Much Ado About Nothing. |
| A．Othello. | B．Sebastian. |
| C．Antony. | D．Hamlet. |
| A．Some of them are developed from real historical people. |
| B．There are only three famous history plays. |
| C．They are more difficult than tragedies and comedies. |
| D．Real historical events can he found in every history play. |
| A．To lead the development of the main plot. |
| B．To help the audience understand the plays. |
| C．To make the difficult plot of the plays simple. |
| D．To relax the audience and make them follow the main theme. |
【推荐3】About 150 years ago, a village church priest, Patric Bronte, in Yorkshire, England, had three lovely, intelligent daughters but his hopes fell entirely on the only male heir, Branwell, a youth with remarkable talent in both art and literature.
Branwell’s father and sisters saved their pennies to pack him off to London’s Royal Academy of Arts, but if art was his calling, he dialed a wrong number. Within weeks he hightailed it home, a penniless failure.
Hopes still high, the family landed Branwell a job as a private tutor, hoping this would free him to develop his literary skills and achieve the success and fame that he deserved. Failure again.
Still, the selfless sisters squelched their own goals, farming themselves out as teachers and governesses in support of their increasingly indebted brother, convinced the world must eventually recognize his genius. As failure multiplied, Branwell turned to alcohol, then opium, and eventually died as he had lived: a failure. So died hope in the one male — but what of the three sisters?
During Branwell’s last years, the girls published a book of poetry at their own expense — under a pen name, for fear of reviewers’ prejudice against females. Even Branwell might have laughed: they sold only two copies.
They didn’t give up. Instead, they continued in their spare time, late at night by candlelight, to pour out their contained emotion, writing of what they knew best, of women in conflict with their natural desires and social condition, in reality, less fiction than autobiography! And 19th century literature was transformed by Anne’s Agnes Grey, Emily’s Wuthering Heights, and Charlotte’s Jane Eyre.
But years of sacrifice for Branwell had eventually ruined their health. Emily took ill at her brother’s funeral and died within 3 months, at 29; Anne died 5 months later, at 30; Charlotte lived only to age 39. If only they had been nurtured instead of being sacrificed.
No one remembers Branwell’s name, much less of his art or literature, but the Bronte sisters’ tragically short lives teach us even more of life than literature.
1. According to the passage, what can we learn from the story of Branwell?| A．Gift is a burden for a person. |
| B．Gift is not necessarily a guarantee of success. |
| C．Too many choices may lead to success in none. |
| D．A person’s success is largely due to the support of his family. |
| A．Their poor family. |
| B．The failure of their brother. |
| C．That to be a writer was a really tough road to go. |
| D．The social prejudice against women in those days. |
| A．carried out | B．lived out | C．set aside | D．stuck to |
| A．Not taking good care of his children. | B．Intending his son for an artist or a writer. |
| C．Putting all of his eggs in one male basket. | D．Sacrificing too many pennies for his son. |
