What time does your school start? Do you wish you could get up later every morning? You are not alone if your answer is “Yes.” In the US, many middle school students have the same wish.
In America, many schools start before 7:30 a.m.. But that may change soon. A new law has been passed in California. According to the law, middle schools should not start before 8:00 a.m.. The government hopes school children will have longer time in bed.
Many scientific studies show that teenagers are more active in the afternoon and in the evening. Simply telling them to go to bed earlier doesn’t work well. Most of them don’t get enough sleep because of bad sleeping habits and early school starting time. They need more sleep in the morning. Scientists suggest middle schools should start at 8:00 a.m. or later. Students can get well ready to learn and they won’t fall asleep in class. ________________ The change can help improve students’ grades.
While scientists are happy with the new law, many parents disagree with it. They won’t be able to send their children to school before they go to work. They also fear that later school starting time will lead to later ending time. As a result, their children will have less time to take part in after-school activities.
It’s good news that Chinese education experts have noticed the problem and made some rules about that. So what’s your opinion? Do you expect China to pass a similar law?
1. The schools shouldn’t start ________ according to the new law in California.
A.before 7:30 a.m. | B.after 7:30 a.m. |
C.after 8:00 a.m. | D.before 8:00 a.m. |
A.Because their parents need them to do housework. |
B.Because their sleeping habits are bad and schools start early. |
C.Because they play computer games till late. |
D.Because they have too much homework. |
A.They can put on weight. | B.They will like their teachers. |
C.They will join more clubs. | D.They will pay more attention to classes. |
A.students should have enough sleeping time in the writer’s opinion |
B.students in California will have less sleeping time |
C.Chinese experts aren’t worried about students’ sleeping time |
D.China has already passed a similar law |
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【推荐1】Our brains consist of soft matter bathed in watery cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside a hard skull. An impact on the hard skull is transmitted through the thin layer of CSF to the soft brain matter. In Physics of Fluids, Qianhong Wu and co-authors describe studying another system with the same features, an egg, to search for answers. An egg resembles the brain.
Considering that in most brain injuries, the skull does not break, Wu wanted to find out if it was possible to break the center of an egg without breaking the eggshell. The researchers did a simple experiment, from which they could see that rotational force (旋转力) can easily break the egg yolk and make it mix with the egg white. Two types of impacts can be imposed on the outer container. A translational impact is one that hits the container directly, while a rotational impact occurs when the outer container is accelerated or decelerated. The latter arises naturally in sports when helmets are not round.
The researchers discovered something quite surprising. Direct translational impact does not cause the egg damage, while rotational deceleration causes great egg yolk damage. This finding explains why boxers will very likely faint if hit on the chin. “Considering the chin is the farthest point from the neck, hitting on the chin could cause the highest rotational acceleration/deceleration of the head,” Wu said.
When it comes to concussions (震荡), “it remains unclear how the brain is injured and how to avoid such injuries. Critical thinking, along with simple experiments within the kitchen, led to a series of systematic studies to examine the mechanisms that cause egg yolk damage,” Wu said. “We hope to apply the lessons learned from it to the study of brain biomechanics (生物力学)as well as other physical processes. ” As the first study of its kind, this work will interest those designing helmets.
1. How did Qianhong Wu and co-authors do their research?A.They studied a similar system. |
B.They broke an egg to study its features. |
C.They collected data from former studies. |
D.They bathed a skull in a liquid egg white. |
A.To find out ways to avoid brain injuries. |
B.To find what damages the soft brain matter. |
C.To prove that eggs are similar to the brain. |
D.To learn more about the structure of the brain. |
A.The impacts that can arise on the shell of an egg. |
B.The reason why boxers faint when hit on the chin. |
C.The great meaning of the study to helmet designers. |
D.The best way to protect the brain from serious injuries. |
A.Researchers Find a New Way To Study The Brain |
B.The Brain Proves the Part Most Easily Damaged |
C.Eggs Reveal What May Happen to the Brain On Impact |
D.Researchers Find Something Surprising About the Brain |
【推荐2】Have you ever wondered how astronauts clean their clothes in space? You may find the answer surprising — they do not. They wear their clothes until they cannot take the dirt and smell anymore. Then, they throw them away.
NASA wants to change that. This would mean the end to throwing away lots of dirty clothes every year. Up to now, they simply had to put them with other waste in old supply ships to burn up in the atmosphere. NASA is working with Procter & Gamble (P&G), to learn how best to clean astronauts’ clothes in space.
NASA says rocket storage space is small and costly. So, why waste it? The clothes would use a lot of storage space, especially on a three-year Mars mission. There are also the problems of health and comfort.
Space station astronauts exercise two hours every day to fight the effects of weightlessness on their bodies. Leland Melvin, a former NASA astronaut, says their exercise clothing becomes so unpleasant that they use a new set every week, and that while NASA and the other space station partners have researched ways to lengthen wear time with special clothes, that is not a long-term solution (解决办法).
In its first experiment, P&G will send up detergent (洗涤剂) made just for space in December. Scientists will see how the compounds in the detergent react to six months of weightlessness. Next May, they will send stain-removal pens and cloths to the ISS for testing by astronauts. At present, P&G is developing a washer-dryer machine that could operate on the moon or even Mars someday. It would use small amounts of water and detergent. Such a machine could also be useful in dry places here on Earth.
1. What problem in space do NASA and P&G aim to solve?A.Lack of detergents. | B.Lack of comforts. | C.Lack of fund | D.Lack of space |
A.Exercise in space is physically demanding. |
B.The cooperation between NASA and P&G is workable. |
C.New clothes are of great benefit compared to used clothes. |
D.An effective way of lengthening wear time has been found. |
A.Send detergent into space. |
B.Operate a machine on the moon or even Mars. |
C.Send stain-removal pens and cloths to the space station. |
D.Send a washer-dryer machine using a little water on the moon. |
A.A travel brochure. | B.A science paper | C.A recipe book. | D.A biography. |
【推荐3】The Pacific Islands: Meet your next favorite holiday hotspot The Independent State of Samoa
You'll find the Independent State of Samoa in the south Pacific Ocean. It's an island state made up of two main islands, Savai'i and Upolu, along with four smaller surrounding islands. With a population of 200,000, Samoa is famed for its incredible seascapes and is known as “Paradise on Earth” in the south Pacific region. The country is characterised by its strong cultural heritage, stretching back 3,000 years, and its many beautiful villages.
Language: English, Samoan
The Republic of Vanuatu
The Republic of Vanuatu is located in the south Pacific Ocean between Hawaii and Australia. In Vanuatu you'll find amazing oceanic scenery, an accessible and active volcano on the southeast coast, and the world's only underwater post office in the capital, Port Villa.
Language: English, French, and Bislama
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia. Papua New Guinea's spectacular coral reefs have made both the mainland and its satellite islands popular destinations for deep sea divers, who visit to explore what has been called the “underwater photographer's paradise”.
Language: English, Tok Pisin
Federated States of Micronesia
The Federated States of Micronesia is an island country in the western Pacific Ocean, consisting of more than 600 islands. It consists of four states – Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk and Yap – that are spread across the western Pacific Ocean. The country's ancient Pacific culture, richly diverse traditional lifestyle and native handicrafts (手工艺品) attract tourists from across the world. Each year there are local festivals showcasing the best the country has to offer in March, June and November, and visitors can choose from a range of resorts, hotels and apartments. Language: English
1. Which spot will you be most likely to choose if you can only speak French?A.Papua New Guinea |
B.Federated States of Micronesia |
C.The Independent State of Samoa |
D.The Republic of Vanuatu |
A.Coral reefs. |
B.Beautiful villages. |
C.Active volcanoes. |
D.Local festivals. |
A.It is an island country that occupies the eastern Pacific Ocean. |
B.It is made up of more than 600 states. |
C.You can enjoy the wonderful traditional lifestyles and handicrafts there. |
D.The best time to experience the local festivals is October. |
【推荐1】Fooling their parents about school was so simple; Robert and Anthony Duran made it a habit.
The twins played hooky from their high school—spending their days playing basketball and listening to music—for two entire years, skipping their freshman and sophomore years. But their truancy (旷课) was discovered when the boys’ father called their high school earlier this month to request the report cards that his sons had repeatedly “forgotten”. “Believe me, I was very upset with them—with myself mostly,” Armando Duran told a local newspaper after school officials alerted him to his sons’ absenteeism.
District policy considers students who are absent more than 50 days to be dropouts. So how to help teenagers facing the problem? Here is the solution. They can enroll in an accelerated career academy to make up their missed credits and plan to graduate a year behind their classmates. Imagine learning maths by calculating how much bears eat each day or by studying the habits of birds in an aviary (鸟舍).
About 100 students will have such opportunities when the school district—in collaboration with the local park service—opens a middle school at the zoo in the city’s 430-acre park. A school building near a park entrance will be used as a central meeting place, but the park grounds are intended to be the real classroom, school officials said. Students can wear zoo uniforms and perform certain tasks during the day, such as feeding the animals.
“The idea is to use the park campus as the school, where kids are likely to get more interested in learning and tend to develop their comprehensive and practical skills beyond textbooks.” said Arthur, the person in charge of the 23,000-student school district. Mr. Zarrella, a teacher in the community, said he is expecting science classes in the park’s greenhouses and history lessons in the park’s museum. “It’s a beautiful place,” he said. “I’ve always felt it has the potential for being an exciting place for kids to learn.”
1. What do the underlined words “played hooky” in paragraph 2mean?A.Fooled parents. | B.Skipped classes. |
C.Listened to music. | D.Played hide and seek. |
A.By cleaning up the local park. | B.By calculating the number of bears. |
C.By earning credit s after graduation. | D.By accomplishing some tasks at the zoo. |
A.No school building can be seen there. | B.Students attended class mainly indoors. |
C.Half of the local students have access to it. | D.It runs jointly by the school and the local park. |
A.No Absenteeism, Full Credits. | B.Park Campus beyond the Classroom. |
C.Zoo Learning, Disciplined Kids. | D.Science Class in the Zoo |
【推荐2】Teachers often can fall into the trap of teaching content, paying no attention to children. Many of us have the attitude that “we will put the information out there, and if they don’t get it, they are to blame.”
Several years ago, I had a student named Jeremy in 12th - grade English, in which British literature was taught. I struggled to find ways to make the content interesting. Jeremy didn’t care. Though Jeremy was classified as. gifted, he slept in class every day. I began to get really frustrated. I even began to dislike him.
High school teachers sometimes develop a hands-off attitude. I thought, “OK, Jeremy, if you want to fail my class, fine. I’ve tried everything.” As time went on, I ignored Jeremy. I didn’t ask him questions, or even make eye contact with him.
By accident, I found that Jeremy was capable of much more. One day, I went to the broadcasting classroom to edit a video. On this day, several students were working on an assignment. Then I heard a voice I recognized. I looked up and saw Jeremy was teaching his classmates energetically how to film. My first thought was that Jeremy must have a twin! Suddenly he realized I was sitting in the corner.
Our eyes met. “Mrs. Duff?” he asked with surprise. “You know how to edit video?”
“Yes. I had no idea you were a videographer!” At this, he smiled with pride and explained the project his group was working on. It was clear he had earned his classmates’ respect. And it was suddenly clear to me that I had not really made an effort to know Jeremy at all.
What happened next was amazing. In class, Jeremy stayed awake and completed his work. He passed my class with a B.
What happened? When Jeremy encountered me outside English class, it changed his perspective of me. He realized I wasn’t just some odd lady trying to force him to learn British poetry. Equally important, my perspective about him changed. He wasn’t just the kid who slept in my class.
I’m not proud that I didn’t make a better effort to know Jeremy before the encounter in the broadcast room. I told myself I had tried everything, but I had not stepped outside of my little English world at all.
1. What’s the purpose of paragraph 1?A.To draw readers’ interest. | B.To introduce the author’s idea. |
C.To remind teachers of teaching traps. | D.To ask students to shift learning focus. |
A.She blamed herself. | B.She gave up on him. |
C.She kept on persuading him. | D.She made teaching more interesting. |
A.Proud. | B.Relaxed. |
C.Regretful. | D.Rewarded. |
A.Why to build a common perspective. |
B.How to transform a student’s negative behavior. |
C.Teachers should reach students in individual ways. |
D.Students will eventually connect with their teachers. |
【推荐3】One morning, my four-year-old daughter and I were getting ready to leave the house when she suddenly yelled “Idiot!” right at me. As I processed the word, I noticed she was upset. Tears streamed down her face as she half whispered and half yelled “you are an IDIOT Mama.” Total silence followed as we looked at each other. We were staring at each other for so long, and I nearly forgot to breathe out, and in again. Idiot. How could my daughter call me an idiot?
There are many behaviors that really push parents’ buttons. Disrespectful, rude words tend to top the list. The wrong response to such rude remarks is often a serious warning. But I didn’t offer any serious remarks.
I realized that my daughter’s intention wasn’t to disrespect me. She was expressing the disconnection. And punishment doesn’t solve disconnection. It creates more of it. Her choice of word said it all. She was annoyed. She sensed the stress. I needed to hear her. I was being careless. I was the one being rude to her.
So, why punish our children when they need guidance? We must know the words we use matter, and become our children’s words too. The words include those we use to handle emotional overload. Idiot is a word I regretfully must admit to using when I’m extremely annoyed. Not at my children, but yes, they have heard me say it. So, instead of punishing my daughter for misbehavior, I chose to focus on her real message: Idiot means that “Mom, you are stressing me out!”.
No blame. No punishment for honest feelings. No criticizing her choice of words. Just focus on our relationship. I admitted my ignoring her, and we hugged and kissed each other. I walked into her play school with interest and was ready to see all her current projects.
Don’t be afraid to focus on your relationship, to show kindness, and to model forgiveness. Don’t be afraid to look beyond misbehavior, find the true message and trust the power of connection.
1. After hearing her daughter’s words, the author ________.A.lost her temper | B.gave her a warning |
C.couldn’t believe it | D.had a talk with her |
A.Cheer parents up. | B.Make parents annoyed. |
C.Follow parents’ advice. | D.Distract parents’ attention. |
A.calm and considerate | B.brave and tolerant |
C.sensitive but overprotective | D.intelligent but bad-tempered |
A.To settle conflicts between parents and children. |
B.To explain why children disrespect their parents. |
C.To encourage readers to express their true feelings. |
D.To suggest a positive response to children’s misbehavior. |