【推荐2】Kinds of friendships

There are many different kinds of friendships to distinguish. If people are honest with one another and clearly define(界定) which kind of friendship they have, they can avoid a lot of misunderstanding. And if people can learn to move on from a relationship that is over, they will be better off.

Then, what are the different kinds of friendship? Well, the first kind is the social friend. This is the kind of friend that people have most of. This kind of friend isn't someone who you hang out with all the time or live with, but you know them and associate with(与……交往) them at a bar, store or some other public places. They’re nice to talk to when you see them and are usually good for a laugh. However, they are not good to talk about a problem with.

The second kind is the counselor(顾问). This is a friend you go to when you need advice or just someone to listen. You value their wisdom or at least the fact that they are good at listening to you. You can tell this kind of friend almost anything without fearing gossip(闲言碎语). They are the kind of friend you can trust but you just don’t hang out together, unless you want to talk about something important.

The third kind is the fun boy/girl. This kind of friend can usually be counted on to go somewhere with you at a moment’s notice. They like hanging out with you whether you’re going to a store or a bar or wherever. They’re good tension relievers because you know you’re just going to have a good time. This kind of friend isn’t someone you go to for advice; in fact you shouldn’t affect your relationship by getting serious about something. They’re trustworthy and you know they aren’t going to gossip about what you do together. Don’t expect anything else from this kind of friend; just have a good time.

The fourth kind of is the work friend. This is the friend you have at work. You interact(交流) at work only. This may include having a break together, maybe even shopping with them or running an errand(差使) during lunch or after work. They’re usually not good to get advice from but on some occasions things might be discussed and you might give each other advice. Mostly you talk about the job.

The last kind is the lifetime friend. This friendship is very rare and usually is found in marriage relationships. This kind of friend is all the above rolled into one.

Kinds of friendships
Introduction	※You will not    1    your friends if you clearly define your friendship. ※It is good for you if you can recover from a(n)    2    relationship soon.
Different kinds of friendships	The social friend	※You associate with this kind of friend in some     3    places. ※You can have a good time in talking with such friends, but you’d better not     4    problems with them.
	The counselor	※This kind of friend is someone you seldom hang out with but you can always    5    them about your problems. ※They are good    6    and can keep a secret.
	The fun boy/girl	※This kind of friend can make you     7    by going somewhere with you. ※Though they are     8    , you’d better associate with them just for fun.
	The work friend	※This kind of friend is for you to interact with just at work. ※The main     9    of your talk is the job.
	The lifetime friend	※This kind of friend     10    the main qualities of those friends mentioned above.

【推荐3】阅读下列短文, 按照要求用英文回答问题。

I was in the country, Vietnam, from 1970 to 1971. I was a nineteen-year-old soldier. Six months after my arrival, I stepped on a land mine and lost my right foot. Although it was a painful experience, I also felt great relief and happiness. I knew it meant my plane ticket home. So I had mixed feelings after the accident.

Back in the US, I was fitted with an artificial leg and I threw away my uniform and my Purple Heart. They had no value to me. They reminded me of what I wasn’t proud of and I had one constant reminder: one artificial leg.

Twenty-six years later, I participated in a bicycle race in Vietnam, which was designed for Americans and veterans (老兵) and civilians of Vietnam. In the race I formed a connection with Tran, a veteran of the former North Vietnam. Like me, Tran had also lost his leg due to a mine. But unlike me, he had also lost some family members in the Americans’ bombing. He said he used to be filled with hate for Americans.

One day, I heard that he had slipped in the race by accident, and that his leg was hurting him. I offered him some medicine to ease his pain. He gave me a “thumbs up”. He smiled his big smile. And that was enough. We had a special connection. Although language was an obstacle to our communication, it didn’t hinder us from conveying our friendship. In the race, we found that we could relax and enjoy each other’s company, even without words.

During the race, I found his prosthesis (假肢) was not good, so I considered arranging a new prosthesis for him after returning home. And I invited him to visit my country. Joyfully, he agreed. When I returned home, I talked with my friend Jim, who owned the company where my prosthesis was made. I told him about Tran and why he should have a new prosthesis. Jim agreed.

Later, Tran travelled to my country. We got Tran a new prosthetic leg. I was happy to give something to him—and in a way, to his country. At my daughters’ school, he talked about forgiveness. Despite their country’s loss, he found the place in his heart to forgive.

He is my friend, and I am happy that now our friendship will continue for the rest of our life.

1. Why did the author have mixed feelings after the accident? (no more than 10 words)
____________
2. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean? (only 1 word)
____________
3. What did the author’s friend, Jim, agree to do? (no more than 10 words)
____________
4. What was the change of Tran’s feelings to Americans? (no more than 10 words)
____________
5. Why does the author say he and Tran will be friends for the rest of their life? Please give reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
____________

【推荐1】We all have our own idea of what the perfect smile should look like,whether we show a mouthful of whites or keep our lips closed and turned up at the corners.When we think of the perfect smile,we often picture someone grinning,with all of our teeth showing,but based on new findings,less is actually more.Nathaniel He1wig and his colleagues at the University of Minnesota discovered that a successful,genuine smile actually rests less on showing teeth and more on facial balance and symmetry(对称).

For the study,researchers looked at 3D computer-animated facial models of more than 800 study participants.The computer-animated facial models went through a series of facial transformations,with researchers changing the mouth angle,amount of teeth shown,the degree of the smile.Participants were then asked to rate the models’smiles based on effectiveness,genuineness and pleasantness.

The results of the study found that the most successful smile had a perfect balance of teeth,an ideal mouth angle,and a smile length that extended to what was called the“sweet spot”.Smiles that showed a quick sync(同步)of the left and right side of the face during smiling were also more highly related.

Smiling makes up a good part of our nonverbal(非语言的)communication,making it important to have a grin that will draw people to you and also seem sincere.It’s also worth noting that perfect smile could help improve your health too.

1. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word“grinning”in the first paragraph?

A．Talking softly.	B．Smiling widely.
C．Chatting cheerfully.	D．Eating healthily.

2. Which aspect should be considered when rating the smiles in the study?

A．How pleasant it makes people feel.

B．Whether it improves health.

C．How successful smiling people are.

D．Whether it lasts long enough.

3. What makes the perfect smile based on the new study?

A．White teeth.	B．Smile length.
C．Facial balance.	D．Lip corners.

4. Where does this text probably come from?

A．A book review.	B．A science report.
C．A history textbook.	D．A travelling guide.

【推荐2】How to Make Small Talks to Make You Happier

Small talks are the short conversations we have at parties, while we wait in line at the store, at family events or work. And small talks may make us happier, according to researchers from the University of Essex in Britain! However, some people are not good at small talks.     1    

Have some conversation starters ready.

If you have seen a really good movie or have read a really good book, you can talk about that. You can talk about something that you recently learned.     2    , it’s easy to start a conversation. You simply notice and comment on what’s going on around you. For example, if you are at a party and a song comes on that you like or that reminds you of something, you can talk about that.

Ask open-ended questions.

    3    . If you ask questions that need more details to answer, the conversation will go on longer. For example, if you are at a summer pool party, don’t ask a person if they like summer. Instead, ask them what they like or dislike about summer. So, instead of getting a one-word answer, you might have the chance to share in a memory.

Become a student.

Nobody knows everything.     4    , they bring up something about which you know nothing. So, tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher. They feel good about sharing their knowledge and you get to learn something. It’s a win-win situation.

    5    .

Like anything, getting good at making small talk takes practice.

A．Practice makes perfect

B．When someone is answering your questions

C．Here are four tips to improve your small-talking ability

D．Often we have to make small talk with family and friends

E．When you are sharing the same experience with someone

F．If you make small talk in your native language, you might become happier

G．Open-ended questions require more thought and more than a simple one-word answer

【推荐3】On Punctuality

A punctual（守时的）man is in the habit of doing everything at the proper time and is never late for an appointment.

The unpunctual man，on the other hand，never does what he has to do at the proper time.     1    There is an old saying "Time flies never to be recalled." This is very true.     2     Time is more valuable than material things. In fact，time is life itself，and the unpunctual man is forever wasting and mismanaging his own valuable assets（资产）as well as others'. The unpunctual man is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters，or to return calls，or to keep appointments promptly（准时地）.     3    He knows that he can't get through his large amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every appointment promptly and deals with every piece of work when it has to be attended to.

    4    If a person is invited to a dinner and arrives later than expected，he keeps all the other guests and the host waiting. This is great disrespect.

    5    Imagine how it would be if the people who are entrusted with important tasks fail to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or his fellow men. And the unpunctual man is a source of annoyance both to others and to himself.

A．Of these the former is the majority.

B．Broadly speaking，humans can be divided into two classes.

C．Failure to be punctual is a sign of disrespect towards others.

D．Unpunctuality is very harmful when it comes to doing one's duty.

E．A lost thing may be found again，but lost time can never be regained.

F．He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both his time and his good name.

G．But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it.