Symptoms of Culture Shock and Their Stages
Like any new experience, there’s a feeling of euphoria (兴高采烈) when you first arrive in a new country and you’re in awe of the differences you see and experience.
The Distress Stage
Everything you’re experiencing no longer feels new; in fact, it’s starting to feel like a thick wall that’s preventing you from experiencing things. You feel confused, alone, and realize that the familiar support systems are not easily available.
Re-integration Stage
During this stage, you start refusing to accept the differences you meet.
Autonomy Stage
This is the first stage of acceptance. It’s the emergence stage when you start to rise above the clouds and finally begin to feel like yourself again. You start to accept the differences and feel like you can begin to live with them.
Independence Stage
| A．You are yourself again! |
| B．You feel excited, stimulated, and enriched. |
| C．You feel more confident and better able to handle any problems that may arise. |
| D．You are still what you are and there is no change at all. |
| E．You are like a baby. |
| F．You’re angry, frustrated, and even feel hostile (敌对的) to those around you. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Many people feel anxious in situations that are stressful to them. For example, they may feel anxious about taking tests, meeting new people, or speaking in class.
Start with a “growth” mindset. Some people have a fixed mindset. They might think, “This is how I am.”
Notice how anxiety affects your body. When you’re anxious, do you feel “butterflies” in your stomach? Sweaty palms? Shaky hands? A faster heartbeat? These physical feelings can be uncomfortable but they aren’t harmful. You can cope. You don’t have to push the feelings away.
Face the situation—don’t wait for anxiety to go away. You might think that you’ll put off speaking in class or talking to that new person until you no longer feel anxious about it. But it doesn’t work that way.
Learning to cope with anxiety takes time, patience, and practice. Most of all it takes being willing to face anxiety. Start with one small step. The more you practice, the better you’ll get at lowering anxiety.
| A．Talk yourself through it. |
| B．Tell a parent or another adult you trust. |
| C．It’s facing the anxiety that helps you lower it. |
| D．Try to pay attention to anxious thoughts and feelings. |
| E．Try to notice them without getting upset that they’re there. |
| F．With a fixed mindset, people don’t think things can change. |
| G．If you feel anxious in situations like these, you’re not alone. |
【推荐2】What do you do when somebody hurts you? Do you want to hurt that person back, or do you hold it against them for the rest of your life? If you answered “yes” to these questions, know that you are like most people. To forgive is something that most people generally have difficulty with.
People don’t forgive readily, because it is easier to hate than to forgive. Some people think to forgive is a sign of weakness, but actually to forgive takes courage and effort.
Forgiveness is a gift from a generous heart. It is not a reward for good behavior. It is not based on whether the person deserves it or whether the person has asked for it.
Besides, forgiveness is an act and a process, which often takes time. The deeper your pain, the longer it usually takes to completely forgive. It is an act because it is not just the words you say, but also your actions which show if you’ve truly forgiven someone.
Forgiveness is necessary because it releases you from the burden of bitterness and hate. It takes a lot of energy to hate and to keep that hate in place. Hate puts unnecessary stress on your body. It is a well-known fact, proven by numerous studies, that bitterness and hate can actually make you sick. The moment that affected people forgive and let go of their hate, they will start to get well. Forgiveness brings freedom, whereas revenge (报复) is neither sweet nor satisfying.
I have personal experience of this. I used to be very cynical about life and didn’t forgive easily. At the time, I also struggled in every area of my life. Things just didn’t seem to work out for me. It is as if everything that could go wrong, always went wrong. That was until somebody told me to take a look at my attitude. And when I forgave those who wronged me and changed my attitude, everything else changed. It didn’t happen overnight. It took a while, but I could see and feel the difference.
Are things not working out in your life, despite you doing all the “right” things? Is it possible that you are holding “unforgiveness” in your heart? It is worth thinking about. By Leonard J. Roost
1. Why is it hard for people to forgive?| A．Forgiveness means not giving in. |
| B．Forgiveness depends on good behavior. |
| C．Forgiveness needs good will from both sides. |
| D．Forgiveness requires courage and generosity. |
| A．Hate may actually cause illness. |
| B．Revenge helps to reduce the hate in your heart. |
| C．When you feel sick, it makes it difficult to hate. |
| D．Hate goes away when you say you will forgive. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
I really love reading your column.Your words are always so witty.
Here’s my problem:My boyfriend and I have been together for four years and we have many dreams about the future.Recently my parents and all relatives are urging me to get married and have given me a lot of pressure.
I got totally tired and lost patience and I made a mistake.I wrote a letter to break up with my boyfriend.He just kept silent.After a month,I calmed down and realized I still love him deeply.I’m really regretting what happened.What should I do?Just let it be or do something like apologize?Is it too late?
Elaine
Dear Elaine
I sometimes think that we stare so long at a door that’s closing that it’s too late when we see the one that’s open.After four years together,you might think that a Dear John letter would be met with a little more than indifference,but alas this guy just walked away and gives up without a fight.
I think maybe you need to ask yourself if this guy was really worth the four years you spent with him and if you’re willing to wait another four years for him to make up his mind.A lot of what you’re been feeling now is natural because you’re been together for so long.
Once you know how much time it will take,I think you should use it to see the world of possibilities right there in front of your eyes.You should take these moments to go on some dates with some other people to see whether your ex-boyfriend is truly the man you want to spend the rest of your life with.
The main thing,though,is to use your time apart to get a clear perspective on your relationship and see whether he is or isn’t Mr.Right,or whether the traditional form of marriage is something you ultimately need to be happy together.
Ben
1. The passage is most probably from______.| A．the Internet | B．a newspaper | C．a talk show | D．an expert’s lecture |
| A．an apology letter |
| B．a letter which make suggestions |
| C．an invitation letter |
| D．a letter to end a relationship with somebody |
| A．Maybe he is silently hurting | B．Love him?Apologize to him! |
| C．Is he worth the four years? | D．Secrets of getting along with him |
【推荐1】People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in crosscultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1. The discovery shows that Westerners ________.| A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth |
| B．consider facial expressions universally reliable |
| C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways |
| D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions |
| A．To make a face at each other. | B．To get their faces impressive. |
| C．To classify some face pictures. | D．To observe the researchers’ faces. |
| A．The participants in the study. | B．The researchers of the study. |
| C．The errors made during the study. | D．The data collected from the study. |
| A．The Eye is the Window to the Soul |
| B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions |
| C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills |
| D．How to Increase Crosscultural Understanding |
【推荐2】There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.
1. What’s the function of food mentioned in the article?| A．To show national identity. | B．To help motivate homesickness. |
| C．To reflect a country’s history. | D．To show a community’s superiority. |
| A．The national culture. | B．The specific traditional food. |
| C．A traditional expression of food. | D．The old-fashioned taste. |
| A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes. |
| B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil. |
| C．To present their own food culture in a new way. |
| D．To make the dishes popular among customers. |
| A．Negative. | B．unfair. | C．Positive. | D．Opposed. |
【推荐3】A British friend told me he couldn’t understand why Chinese people love eating sunflower seeds(嗑瓜子) as a snack so much.“I’ve met a lot of older Chinese and many have a crack in their front teeth, I believe that’s from cracking the seeds,”he said.
I had never noticed the habit, but once he mentioned it, I suddenly became more aware, I realized that whenever I’m watching TV or typing a report, I always start mindlessly cracking sunflower seeds. My friend doesn’t like sunflower seeds, and, to him, it seems unnecessary to work so much just to get one small seed.
When we were young, the whole family would usually get together for Chinese New Year. Then, we all lived close to one another, usually in a small city, and sometimes even neighbors would go door-to-door on Chinese New Year’s Eve to check out what every household was making.
I remember my parents would be in the kitchen cooking. Out in the living room, a large table would already be laid out, complete with fancy tablecloth, ready-made dumpling fillings, and dishes full of candy, fruits and sunflower seeds. Some of the dishes were to be offered to our ancestors later, while others were for neighbors and children to eat before the evening feast. I must have learned how to crack sunflower seeds back then.
I don’t think it’s right to criticize one’s choice in food or eating habits, no matter how strange they may seem.
It’s not only in China. When I went abroad, I found people had all sorts of strange habits when it came to food. In Denmark, they put salted red fish on bread and eat it for dinner, no matter how much it ruins your breath. They think it’s a delicacy(美味佳肴), and it’s connected to their certain culture. I think it’s a wonderful tradition.
1. What did the writer become aware of?| A．She had ever typed a report about seeds. |
| B．She had various snacks while watching TV. |
| C．She had a habit of cracking sunflower seeds. |
| D．She damaged her teeth by eating sunflower seeds. |
| A．The families get together for it. | B．Eating sunflower seeds is related to it. |
| C．The traditions of celebrating it disappear. | D．Children can eat delicious food on that day. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Critical. | C．Understandable. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．It is good to form healthy eating habits. |
| B．Eating habits come from a certain culture. |
| C．Changing your eating habits will change your life. |
| D．One kind of food doesn’t necessarily suit everyone. |
