Some of the greatest moments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying (展性的) message required emotional intelligence — the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.
Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. If we can teach our children to manage emotions, the argument goes, we’ll have less bullying and more cooperation. If we can cultivate emotional intelligence among leaders and doctors, we’ll have more caring workplaces and more compassionate healthcare.
Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖) a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating (把持) others. When you`re good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.
Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion, the audience was Jess likely to scrutinize (细察) the message and remembered of the content. Ironically (讽刺的是) audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.
The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitler’s persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions — he would “ear open his heart — and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would stop thinking critically and just emote.”
Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own, the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives (动机), emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for manipulating others. In a study led by the University of Toronto psychologist Stephane Cote, university employees filled out a survey about their Machiavellian (不择手段的) tendencies, and took a test measuring their knowledge about effective strategies for managing emotions. Then, Cote’s team assessed how often the employees deliberately undermined (逐渐削弱) their colleagues. The employees involved in the most harmful behaviors were Machiavellians with high emotional intelligence. They used their emotional skills to lower the dignity of their peers for personal gain.
Shining a light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led by University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal Professor Kiiduit’s team writes, “The strategic disguise of one’s own emotions and the manipulation of others’ emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare’s stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”
Of course, people aren’t always using emotional intelligence for nefarious ends. More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment. A research team discovered that founder Anita Roddick used emotional intelligence to inspire her employees fundraise for charity. As Roddick explained, “Whenever we wanted to persuade our staff to support a particular project, we always tried to break their hearts.”
There is growing recognition that emotional intelligence-like any skill-can be used for good or evil. So if we’re going to teach emotional intelligence in schools and develop it at work, we need to consider the values that go along with it and here it’s actually useful.
1. Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?| A．To honor the great leader for his courage. |
| B．To recommend his speech to other leaders. |
| C．To impress the readers with a major topic. |
| D．To advocate a society with fewer problems. |
| A．Developing the capability to control one’s own emotion. |
| B．Inducing people to do what brings disadvantages to them. |
| C．Appealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more. |
| D．Encouraging the moved audience to a more of the speech. |
| A．His followers would tear open their hearts to him. |
| B．His followers would express emotions strategically. |
| C．His followers would lose the ability to reason properly. |
| D．His followers would develop the self-serving motives. |
| A．They disguise their emotions to earn others’ trust. |
| B．They help their colleagues to build up confidence. |
| C．They present their strategic behaviors on the stage. |
| D．They lower their own dignity to gain popularity. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Some people seem to born with a talent for making people laugh. They can quickly tell a joke and laugh at something that is not supposed to be funny immediately.
Practice your humor. Developing a good sense of humor is not something you can improve in just a single day. Instead, it takes effort and practice. And getting a laugh out of someone can be challenging. Try practicing with your close friends and family first, and see if they find your jokes funny.
Look at the bright side of things. Humor doesn’t only come from cheerful or optimistic situations. It can come out even from difficult or troubling situations.
| A．Learn and practice good timing. |
| B．Take your audience into account. |
| C．A very typical example of this is dark humor. |
| D．Afterward, it is wise of you to try it with other groups of people. |
| E．Cruel humor usually happens when you make some funny responses. |
| F．However, sometimes a good sense of humor is not a strictly inborn talent. |
| G．Some jokes involve making fun of other people’s faults, sadness or sufferings. |
【推荐2】Five Simple Ways to Make Your Life Together Better
The fast-paced life changed the way couples live together. Most of the time, people say they are feeling stressed. Experts say the following are some ways to improve life together.
Keep Track of the Good Stuff
What works? Examples include compliments, goodbye kisses, buying flowers, and cooking meals.
Hold Hands
Read to Each Other
Why? People grow closer when they share thoughts and ideas. Reading aloud is a way to experience something new together. You will enjoy reading to someone and having them read to you. Each partner picks a favorite story.
Write down one or two of your partner’s annoying habits. They may be small things like not paying bills or dropping clothes on the floor. Talk about those things, but do not be critical. Try to find reasons why they happen.Practice Gratitude Together.
Write down three things about your partner for which you feel grateful. Talk about these moments and how they make you feel more connected to each other. Showing gratitude is a common way to boost happiness and fitness.
| A．Write to each other |
| B．Accept the Small Problems |
| C．Do not only listen to the words |
| D．Touching is a good way to connect |
| E．Positive words and actions work much better than negative ones |
| F．Take regular moments to show how thankful you are to your partner |
| G．It helps us get better sleep and can even sometimes reduce blood pressure |
【推荐3】It’s important for everyone to learn how to apologize effectively. You might think a simple “I’m sorry” will take care of everything.
| A．Don't apologize again and again. |
| B．However, that's not exactly true. |
| C．Pay a visit to others ahead of time. |
| D．You'd better prepare yourself for anything. |
| E．But make sure you make an apology in person as well. |
| F．In fact, it might get you into even bigger trouble than before. |
| G．A lot of people don’t know how to make an apology to their boss. |
【推荐1】In a box stands a baby black-tailed godwit, which is only a few days old and, in a few weeks, this bird will set off on an extraordinary journey. First, it will be carefully loaded into the back of a truck with nine other young godwits and driven 1,000 kilometers east to Poland. From there, it will join the local black-tailed godwits on a vast migration (迁徙), traveling 3,600 kilometers south to sub-Saharan Africa.
In the process, this little bird will help answer a fundamental question that has been troubling shorebird biologist Theunis Piersma for more than 30 years: Are godwits born with their migratory routes programmed into their genes (基因), or do they learn it from other birds?
Piersma and his co-workers raised dozens of wild black-tailed godwits they collected from nests in the Netherlands’ north. They equipped the birds with tiny devices and freed them to migrate. Half were let go from their home; the others were trucked to Poland. Every 36 hours, the birds’ solar-powered devices reported their locations to passing satellites—and on to the biologists’ computers.
Throughout 2015 and 2016, the scientists tracked 80 godwits, and all but one of the birds trucked to Poland assumed the Polish birds’ route. By tracking the birds’ progress, Piersma proved his idea that social learning, not genes, is driving the godwits’ migration.
Though how the birds are learning from each other remains unclear, Piersma thinks the godwits are not simply following the crowd. Instead, he believes they are somehow sharing information of their route with each other before they leave.
Piersma believes that the key point of this work—that scientists have been overvaluing the contributions of genes to bird migration—can extend (扩展) beyond shorebirds to other groups, such as songbirds, whose migration routes are seemingly related to their genes.
In a changing world, Piersma believes godwits’ ability to learn new migration routes may make them more adaptable.
1. What were the baby birds used to do?| A．To add to the diversity of the local species. |
| B．To explore the main reason for birds’ migration. |
| C．To test birds’ ability to adapt to the new surroundings. |
| D．To find out the key factor in the selection of migratory routes. |
| A．Guessed. | B．Changed. | C．Adopted. | D．Avoided. |
| A．To show the conclusion of the study is reliable. |
| B．To point out the contribution of genes is great. |
| C．To stress scientific discovery applies universally. |
| D．To prove shorebirds have similar genes to songbirds. |
| A．Birds migrate along the same route. |
| B．Birds differ from one another. |
| C．Birds can learn from each other when migrating. |
| D．Genes play a great part in birds’ migration. |
【推荐2】Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives in their search for the truth.
Sir Issac Newton，the seventeenth century scientist was very smart, but that didn’t stop him from doing some pretty stupid things. In his laboratory in Cambridge, he often did the strangest experiments. Once, while testing how light passes through lenses(晶状体), he put a long needle into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen. Luckily, there was no lasting bad effect. On another occasion, he stared at the sun, for as long as he could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight. To escape suffering permanent damage, he had to spend some days in a dark room before his eyes recovered.
In the 1750s,the Swedish chemist Karl Scheele, was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus(磷). He, in fact, discovered eight more chemical elements, including Chlorine(氯)，though he didn’t get any place for them. He was a very clever scientist, but he had a strange habit of tasting a little of every substance he studied. This risky practice finally caught up with him. In 1 786,he was found dead in his laboratory, surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have been responsible for his death.
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist, he spent a large part of his life studying craters(陨石坑), and how they were formed, and later the research into the comments of the plane Jupiter. In 1997, he and his wife were in the Australian desert. where they went every year to search for places where comets(彗星)might have hit the earth. While driving in the Tanami desert, one of the most open places in the world, another vehicle rushed into them, and Shoe maker died on the spot. Some of his ashes(骨灰)were sent to the moon by the Lunar Prospect or, a spacecraft. and he is the only person who has this honor.
1. What does the underlined word ¨permanent¨ in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Brief. | B．Slight. | C．Lasting. | D．Ordinary. |
| A．Tasting chemicals. | B．Staying in the empty labs. |
| C．Experimenting in darkness. | D．Working together with others. |
| A．He was buried in the Tanami desert. |
| B．Some of his ashes were placed on the moon. |
| C．One comet of Jupiter was named after him. |
| D．A spacecraft carrying him travelled around Jupiter. |
| A．special honors | B．great achievements |
| C．famous experiments | D．suffering in their research |
A series of such storms struck the US last month and caused very serious damage and human pain.
Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world. There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature. But new techniques are helping scientists to predict how, when, and where big storms will happen. The more exact scientists’ warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.
Predictions are improving. “We’ve gotten better over the years, especially the last few years,” says Phil Klotzback, a scientist at an American university. How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction. “For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right,” Klotzback says.
First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates and rises into the air. As it rises, the vapor（水蒸气）cools and turns back into liquid. This process gives off heat. This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase. It drives the formation（形成）of a hurricane.
If wind speeds reach 40 miles per hour, the system is called a “tropical storm”, and it gets a name. At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane.
Hurricanes that hit the US start when a thunderstorm forms off the coast of Africa. Storms also develop over tropical waters in other parts of the world.
On average, 60 or 70 storms form off Africa every year. About 10 of them get names. There are usually about six hurricanes. Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or higher.
The hurricane season lasts from June to November. Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September, and October.
1. According to the passage, hurricanes usually ___________.
| A．form off the coast of Africa and America |
| B．hit parts of the world in summer and autumn |
| C．travel at 40 miles per hour and get its name |
| D．cause sea winds to rise and blow over the sea |
| A．begins to move | B．changes into a gas |
| C．becomes hot | D．gets lost |
a. The ocean water evaporates and goes into the air.
b. Heat creates energy and causes winds to increase.
c. The vapor cools.
d. The ocean water is warm enough.
e. The vapor changes back into liquid.
f. This course gives out heat.
| A．a, d, e, b, c, f | B．a, b, c, f, d, e |
| C．d, a, b, c, e, f | D．d, a, c, e, f, b |
| A．One out of six or seven storms get names. |
| B．Every year at least 60 storms form off Africa. |
| C．The speed of the biggest two hurricanes reaches 115miles per hour. |
| D．About one third of the hurricanes tend to be very big. |
【推荐1】Tiny as they are, bats have the ability to "see" in the dark by using a special skill called echolocation(回声定位法）. They make noises and wait for sound waves, or an echo, to bounce back off objects. They can tell the distance of various objects by how quickly, the sound waves bounce back off them. If no sound bounces back, they can then fly forward.
This special ability has been copied in the human world for a long time，such as in submarines and planes. But apart from helping vehicles “see” where they are, what if blind people could use echolocation for themselves? American Daniel Kish. who is blind, 1s known as "batman. " This isn't because he walks around in a cape(披风) and a mask, but because he has a bat-like ability to locate where he is through sharp clicks he makes by moving his tongue against the roof of his mouth. Kish is so skilled at echolocating that he can ride a bike and hike on his own.
Recently, a research carried out at the University of Durham in England shed some light on the power of human echolocation. Kish, as well as other volunteers, worked with a group of scientists who studied the way blind people listen to the echoes that they produce from clicks. The team found that people were capable of hearing even very faint echoes, ones far fainter than had been previously thought.
Lore Thaler, lead scientist of the group, said, "We found that in some conditions, they were really faint-about 95 percent softer than the actual clicks, but the echolocators were still able to sense this."
Andrew Kolarik, another expert in echolocation, told BBC News that echolocation “can be very useful at providing information at face or chest height” and could help people “avoid objects like low hanging branches that might not get detected by the cane or a guide dog".
According to BBC News, echolocation is a skill blind people can acquire and develop, just like learning a language. As Kolarik said, "Teaching echolocation skills could provide blind people with the means of exploring new places. "
1. What does "this special ability" in Paragraph 2 refer to?| A．The ability to make noises in the dark. |
| B．The ability to bounce back off objects. |
| C．The ability to measure the distance quickly. |
| D．The ability to use sound waves to echolocate. |
| A．He is fond of riding a bike and hiking alone. |
| B．He is able to hear echoes he produces from clicks. |
| C．He is called "Batman” because he looks like a bat. |
| D．He conducted the experiment to circulate echolocation. |
| A．Ambiguous. | B．Hopeful. | C．Tolerant. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．Echolocation in Human World. | B．A Very Special Batman. |
| C．Finding New Way to “See”. | D．A Breakthrough in echoing. |
【推荐2】Welcome to your future life!
You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. Your face is firm and young-looking. In 2045, medical technology is better than ever. Many people at your age could live to be 150, so at 40, you’re not old at all. And your parents just had an anti-aging (抗衰老的) treatment. Now, all three of you look the same age!
You say to your shirt, “Turn red.” It changes from blue to red. In 2045, “smart clothes” contain particles (粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body. The particles can be programmed to change clothes’ color or pattern.
You walk into the kitchen. You pick up the milk, but a voice says, “You shouldn’t drink that!” Your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk, and it knows the milk is old. In 2045, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.
It’s time to go to work. In 2045, cars drive themselves. Just tell your “smart car” where to go. On the way, you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve. Such “smart technology” is all around you.
So will all these things come true? “For new technology to succeed,” says scientist Andrew Zolli, “it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one example—what will be the next?
1. What can we learn from the text that in the future?| A．People will never get old. | B．Everyone will look the same. |
| C．Red will be the most popular color. | D．Clothes will change their pattern. |
| A．Milk will be harmful to health. |
| B．More drinks will be available for sale. |
| C．Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information. |
| D．Milk and meat in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer. |
| A．Nothing can replace the Internet. |
| B．Fridges will know what people need. |
| C．Jacket sleeves can be used as a guide. |
| D．Cars will be able to drive automatically (自动地). |
| A．Future technology in daily life. |
| B．Medical treatment of the future. |
| C．Food and clothing in many years later. |
| D．The reason for the success of new technology. |
【推荐3】As the new year approaches, crowds around the world may be expecting whizzes and bangs to light up the sky. The appeal of fireworks could fade out with the growing use of drones (无人机)for light shows, though.
Ollie Howitt, a leader of Sky Magic, which used a team of 300 drones to create a display for London’s new year celebration last year, said the demand had increased dramatically. “We do think it’s going to be something ever-eye catching rather than being a short-lived sort of fashion people have suddenly got interested in. Drones are reusable and there’s no fallout. In that sense, they’re a very good, sustainable option.” she said.
But not everyone agrees. A spokesperson from the British Fireworks Association said drones could also pose environmental problems. “Drones have less an impact on the environment, but we have serious concerns about electrical demand and the use of lithium batteries which are known not to be much that ‘green’,” they said.
An RSPCA spokesperson said that while drones tried to reduce the impact of displays on animals, there were downsides. “Drones are not without their own negative issues such as scaring horses or crashing into birds, and can cause disturbance to animals and members of the public. Therefore, it’s important for their effects to be fully considered and measures taken to minimize the chance of accidents.” they said.
Some express the opinion that the use of fireworks and drones don’t conflict with each other. The sight, sound and gunpowder smell of fireworks will always provide its own unique thrill.
“We find fireworks work really well when teamed up with drones. But we don’t really see it as a one-replacing-the-other at all. We feel as if it’s merely another tool to light the sky.” said Howitt, noting that while fireworks give a loud, emotive, big performance, drones offer the chance to tell stories in the sky by using a series of images.
1. What does Howitt think about a drone display in paragraph 2?| A．It’s definitely an upward trend. |
| B．It’ll get us to reflect on energy crisis. |
| C．It’s nothing but a temporary phenomenon. |
| D．It’ll excite the public curiosity about science. |
| A．Promoting the production of drones. |
| B．Diversifying the functions of drones. |
| C．Prohibiting the displays of fireworks. |
| D．Staging drone shows as an alternative. |
| A．prospect | B．puzzles |
| C．weaknesses | D．benefits |
| A．Advertisement. | B．Business. |
| C．Entertainment. | D．Environment. |
