You’ve heard the phrase “home for the holidays”, but I would like to introduce a new phrase: hygge for the holidays. A hygge holiday is all about peaceful, quiet and cozy(温暖舒适的) surroundings. Sounds perfect, doesn’t it? Holiday hygge is easy and comforting. Most people are already doing at least some of these simple hygge holidays without even knowing it.
Hygge is a Danish word originally coming from an old Norwegian word meaning well-being and protection from the outside harm. It’s known that winters in Denmark are severe and last long. The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love.
Hygge is a very important word to Danish people, often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing, something you can buy, but rather more of something you feel. Hygge really is a reflection of one aspect of Danish living, and, happily, in the last five years the concept of hygge has made its way to the US and many other countries. I mean what’s not to like about nurturing(培育)peace and quiet and coziness?
Here are some more descriptive words for hygge: comfort, familiarity, friendship, laughter, and even seasonal homemade food and drinks. While it is possible to achieve hygge any time of the year with hygge activities-an outdoor BBQ with friends and a movie under the stars with family are good examples of summertime hygge, it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one’s spirits during dark winter months.
Hygge is the most suitable for the November and December holiday season because it’s all about peaceful and cozy surroundings that fill you with contentment. There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season.
1. Why do Danish people choose a hygge holiday?A.To deal with cold and long winters. | B.To follow the latest holiday trend. |
C.To fight against nature physically. | D.To spend more time with their family. |
A.It reflects Danish living totally. | B.It is mainly about some feeling. |
C.It is limited to Denmark and the US. | D.It represents ancient Danish culture |
A.People do hygge in more ways. | B.Hygge is preferred in summertime. |
C.Hygge is still perfect for winter. | D.People access hygge in certain time. |
A.Ways of hygge celebrations. | B.Tips on achieving hygge. |
C.Different opinions about hygge | D.Benefits of bringing hygge into home. |
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【推荐1】The Chinese words for “fish” and “plenty” are homonyms (同音异义词). A whole fish, eaten on the eve of the lunar new year — represents a wish for plenty to come. It can be deep-fried or roasted in a pan, but if you live on a coast, or have access to first-rate fish, steaming is the way to go.
On New Year’s Day in America, black southerners have long eaten green vegetables together with Hoppin’ John, a delicious dish of rice and black-eyed peas (豌豆), cooked with salt pork.
Whether anyone actually believes in a causal relationship between eating these foods and receiving the promised benefits is unclear. Mainly, these traditions continue for the same reason that other traditions do.
Fish and noodles, bread and apples, beans and greens appear regularly on Chinese, Jewish and American tables.
A.Sweet rice cakes mean a better future |
B.Enough fish should be cooked to ensure leftovers |
C.Such customs are not unique to the Chinese culture |
D.Diverse as these dishes are, they all imply good fortune |
E.The peas symbolize coins, and the greens stand for dollar bills |
F.People have fond memories of observing them and want to pass them down |
G.They are neither costly nor exotic (异国情调的), suggesting that luck is not something bought expensively or sought with difficulty |
【推荐2】Sweetest Day is always the third Saturday in October.This holiday is much more important in some regions than in others (Detroit,Cleveland and Buffalo being the biggest Sweetest Day cities).It is a holiday that is gaining in popularity every year throughout the country.
Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy.It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick,aged,and orphaned,but also friends,relatives and associates whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago,a Cleveland man,believing that the city's orphans and shut-ins too often felt forgotten and neglected,formed the idea of showing them that they were remembered.He did this through the distribution of small gifts.With the help of his friends and neighbors,he distributed these remembrances on a Saturday in October.During the years that followed,other Clevelanders began to participate in the celebration ceremony,which came to be called "Sweetest Day".In time,the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor was broadened to include everyone,and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift.And soon the idea spread to other cities all over the country.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious belief or on a family relationship.It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning.Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift-giving,Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care,in a practical way.
1. Sweetest Day is celebrated to .A.spread religious belief | B.make someone cheer up |
C.strengthen family relationship | D.help the poor get out of trouble |
A.Detroit | B.Cleveland |
C.Buffalo | D.New York |
A.tasks | B.ideas |
C.gifts | D.pills |
A.Sweetest Day is celebrated in the form of a family party. |
B.Over 60 years ago,men too often felt forgotten and neglected. |
C.Only a few religions have the tradition to celebrate the holiday. |
D.The idea of creating Sweetest Day came from a man who cared for orphans. |
【推荐3】The ancient Babylonians (巴比伦人)are thought to have been the first people to set New Year's resolutions. They made promises to gods that they would return any objects they had borrowed from others. If they did this, then it was said that gods would protect them in the year ahead. Since then, resolutions have changed from promises to gods to promises to ourselves and others. That could be starting a new hobby, trying to be healthier or learning a new language. Given the difficulties that any people have in keeping their New Years resolutions, though, should people wait a little longer before deciding what they'll be? Is January the right time to set New Years resolutions?
Yes — it gets the year off to a good start. They're called New Year's resolutions, not Half-Year resolutions. The whole point of setting New Year's resolutions is that it's done at the start of the year.Waiting longer just defeats the purpose of it. New Year's resolutions are a fun tradition to discuss with family and friends. You won't be able to talk about it in the same way if you're all setting them at different times. Besides, the more you put it off, the less likely it is that you'll ever decide on what your resolutions are going to be. You can always set new ones, or change your goals, but it's important to start off with something. By the time you've decided on some resolutions, you'll have less time to do them — which only increases your chances of failure.
No — January isn't the right time. January is a cold and dark month. Why would you want to start something new then? During the winter months, most people just want to stay nice and warm indoors, rather than try something new. People should make resolutions to lead happier, healthier lives whenever they want, not just on 1 January. Waiting longer means that you'll have more time to plan and will have a better idea of what you want to do in the year ahead. This will result in better resolutions, which have a stronger chance of success. One study found that by 6 January, one in five people had failed to stick to their resolutions. By not rushing into it, you're less likely to get discouraged and give up if you haven't succeeded right away.
Now that you've read a bit more about it, tell us what you think by voting in our poll at theweekjunior. co. uk/polls.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Babylonians returned to gods what they had borrowed from them. |
B.Babylonians assumed that they would be permanently protected by gods. |
C.Resolutions have been shifted into commitments to people rather than gods. |
D.Setting New Year's resolutions in January is better than in any other months |
A.succeed easily | B.end up with nothing |
C.doubt the fun tradition | D.reach your ultimate aims |
A.Happier, healthier lives | B.More time to make plans |
C.Losing heart and quitting | D.Failure to make decisions |
A.To call for donations | B.To build up a tradition |
C.To introduce a practice | D.To stimulate discussions |
【推荐1】The days of staring attentively at the computer screen pretending to be interested in an assignment even though you are bored out of your mind may soon be coming to an end. That’s because if Dr. Harry Witchel has his way, computers of the future will be able to detect (察觉)boredom and even react to it real-time.
But before you get concerned, the machine is not reading your mind. It is just keeping track of the constant involuntary movements that people exhibit when in front of a computer or even a television. These are not the bigger instrumental actions like moving a mouse or using the remote, but subtle barely noticeable movements like scratching or stretching. Witchel says the level of movement is directly relative to how absorbed the person is in what he/she is reading or watching — the higher the interest level, the lesser the movement!
To test the theory Witchel and his team invited 27 people and exposed them to a variety of digital content for three minutes at a time. The activities ranged from playing online games to reading documents like the EU banking regulations that most people would find boring. A video motion tracker monitored their movements as they powered through each assignment. Just as the researchers had suspected, the involuntary actions decreased surprisingly, by as much as 42%, when the subjects were totally absorbed in what they were reading or seeing.
Fortunately, the scientists are not planning to use the findings that were published in the online Journal to create machines that report students who are not focusing at school. Instead, they believe that combining the motion detecting technology into future computers will help enhance (加强)the digital learning experience.
The scientists say that being able to measure the student’s interest level, will enable educators to adjust the materials real-time and re-engage the student. Witchel also believes that the technology can provide filmmakers with honest audience opinions and in the future, also be used in developing more understanding companion robots.
1. Dr. Harry Witchel wants future computers to have the competence to_______.A.sense when users feel tired and less absorbed |
B.record how long people surf on the Internet |
C.help educators to prepare teaching materials |
D.read the people’s mind in front of a computer |
A.The machine will be used to detect whether the students are focusing at school. |
B.Subjects will make fewer unconscious movements if they are concentrated. |
C.Future computers are intended to cure adolescents of their network addiction. |
D.Most people think banking documents boring because they are of little value. |
A.Being Exposed to Computers All Day Long Makes You Bored. |
B.Scientists are Developing a More Advanced Computer Now. |
C.Computers of the Future May be Able to Detect Boredom. |
D.The Future Machine is Helpful to Teachers And Students. |
【推荐2】A test that measures blood flow changes in the brain shows people with high blood pressure are more likely to experience poorer communication between brain regions than those with normal blood pressure, according to a small study published in the American Heart Association journal Hypertension.
"This study may help to explain why hypertension is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.” said the study's lead author, Lorenzo Carnevale.
Researchers compared images of the brains of 19 people with high blood pressure and 18 people with blood pressure in the normal range. The images were resting-state functional MRIs, which measure small changes in blood flow at rest. Researchers also gave participants cognitive tests. Compared to people with normal blood pressure, those with hypertension performed slower and poorer on the cognitive tests, and their brain images showed a pattern of abnormal connections.
Dr. Kristine Yaffe, a professor of psychiatry and neurology at the University of California, noted the brain changes appeared prior to any structural changes in the brain associated with poorer cognitive skills.
“It could be that the changes are there, and we just don't see them yet,” Yaffe said. "Or maybe the functional connections are altered earlier in the process. The really amazing thing to me is that they are seeing these changes at such a young age." The average age of participants with high blood pressure was 55.
Yaffe, however, pointed out a larger study over a longer period of time is needed to flesh out these findings. "We need to see if cognitive function gets worse, who is most likely to experience this and what it means in terms of when brain changes appear. We can't answer those questions with such a small study.”
“The study should not be interpreted to mean everyone with high blood pressure is on the road to Alzheimer's disease,“ she added. "The brain is really complicated. There are some subtle changes in connections shown here, but that doesn't mean the brain isn't working. There may be other ways the brain is compensating (弥补)for this.”
1. What will people with hypertension suffer?A.Less communication. | B.A decline in memory. |
C.Inactive brain activities. | D.Poor connections in brains. |
A.Skeptical. | B.Objective. |
C.Disapproving. | D.Indifferent. |
A.Enrich. | B.Deny. | C.Describe. | D.Challenge. |
A.Brains may make up for its effects. | B.It makes brains more complicated. |
C.It must lead to Alzheimer's disease. | D.Its effects on brains are still unknown. |
【推荐3】There’s a continuing controversy over whether electric vehicles should produce sounds to let the blind and other pedestrians know they’re on the scene. Some think those sounds should be standardized—like the “beep, beep, beep” of heavy machinery backing up, so you’ll think “something heavy is coming this way” when you hear it — and some think any sound will do.
This is a serious subject. Plug-in hybrid cars (电混动力车) and battery electric vehicles are super-quiet, and a study at the University of California, Riverside concludes that people listening to recordings on headphones can hear a regular gas car coming from 28 feet away, but a hybrid in battery mode only when it’s 7 feet away.
In response, the European Union has put new rules into play: all new electric vehicle models must have a sound-producing device, which sounds like a traditional engine. Starting in 2021, all new electric vehicles of any model will need the Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System or AVAS. That sound will come into play when the car is traveling backwards or when it’s traveling at less than 12 miles an hour — speeds at which cars are more likely to be mixing with pedestrians.
That’s a nice start, say representatives for the blind, but more is needed. “We’re calling on the government to take this announcement further by requiring AVAS on all existing electric and hybrid vehicles and ensuring drivers have them switched on,” John Welsman, guide dog owner and Guide Dogs staff member, said in a statement.
Drivers in most cases have the ability to shut off the device when needed. My guess is that they will eventually be standardized so your mind will automatically register “electric car” when you hear it. And that’s probably a good thing to reduce the mayhem (混乱) on the roads.
1. How does the author show “electric cars are quiet” in Paragraph 2?A.By making a classification. |
B.By making a comparison. |
C.By analyzing cause and effect. |
D.By setting down general rules. |
A.It was developed by the European Union. |
B.It was designed for inexperienced drivers. |
C.It consists of a sound-producing device and an engine. |
D.It warns pedestrians of the coming of an electric car. |
A.They are too strict for drivers. |
B.They are too complex to follow. |
C.They need further improvement. |
D.They hardly allow for any flexibility. |
A.Electric cars with a standardized sound-producing device. |
B.A new type of electric car on sale. |
C.Problems with the electric cars. |
D.Quiet electric cars. |