The Grand Canal is the mother river of Yangzhou. Simultaneous (同时) with her, Yangzhou city was built, developed, achieved prosperity, and even went into less importance with her downfall. Pi Rixiu, a poet of the TangDynasty, once made the following comment on Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty who had the Grand Canal built: “Everyone complains that the Sui Dynasty ended because of the canal; however, it is still an important way for people to travel. If he hadn’t had so many palaces and dragon boats built, his merits could have been compared with Dayu.” The poet not only criticized the emperor’s dissolute behavior, but also fully recognized his achievements. Nowadays, the Grand Canal still shoulders the responsibilities of transporting coal from the North to the South, transporting grain from the South to the North, and delivering water from the South to the North.
The ancient Guazhou Ferry is located where the ancient canal and the Yangtze River meet. The following is a famous ancient poem eulogizing the Guazhou Ferry. Moonlight on the Spring River by Zhang Ruoxu, a Yangzhou citizen in the Tang Dynasty, described the beautiful scenery of Guazhou of the dim moonlight with gently flowing river.
In spring the river rises as high as the sea,
And with the river’s tide uprises the moon bright,
She follows the rolling waves for ten thousand li,
Where the river flows, there overflows her light.(Zhang Ruoxu)
According to the government’s planning, every effort will be made to maintain the original style of the ancient neighborhoods and streets in the old town of Guazhou.
1. We can know from the passage that__________.| A．Yangzhou city achieved prosperity all the time |
| B．Pi Rixiu was a poet of the Qing Dynasty |
| C．the Grand Canal still plays an important role nowadays |
| D．Sui Dynasty ended because of the Grand Canal |
| A．Producing. | B．Praising. | C．Presenting. | D．Painting. |
| A．bright | B．li | C．light | D．river |
| A．culture | B．nature | C．novel | D．Science |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, or UNESCO, meets each year to choose the latest additions to its World Heritage list. Today, let's have a quick look at some of the latest additions.
Ruins of Liangzhu City(China)
The ruins of Liangzhu stand for an early state with a collective（集体的）belief system based on rice growing, dating from 3,300 to 2,300 BC. The ruins, UNESCO says, are a "good example of one of the earliest urban civilizations（文明）“ They also include a water conservation（保护）system and different kinds of burying grounds.
Jaipur City(India)
Also known as the Pink City, Jaipur is an amazing achievement in urban planning and building. Founded in 1727, it is now recognizable for its large public squares, palaces, markets and pink buildings. UNESCO says Jaipur's urban planning shows an "exchange of ideas from ancient Hindu as well as modern Mughal and Western cultures".
Architecture（ 建筑）of Frank Lloyd Wright(United States)
UNESCO also recognized the work of famous American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. The group added eight of his buildings to the World Heritage list. They include the Guggenheim Museum in New York City, Hollyhock House in Los Angeles, California and Unity Temple in Chicago, Illinois. The World Heritage Committee said in a statement that Wright's work "had a strong influence on the development of modern architecture in Europe". The Guggenheim is Wright's most famous building. It was completed in 1959, the same year Wright died.
1. What does the UNESCO say about the ruins of Liangzhu city?| A．It is a good example of early urbanization. |
| B．It is an ancient burying ground for the rich. |
| C．It is still recognizable for its pink buildings. |
| D．It stands for the earliest water conservation system. |
| A．In the 15th century. | B．In the 16th century. |
| C．In the 18th century. | D．In the 20th century. |
| A．The Pink City. | B．The Unity Temple. |
| C．The Hollyhock House. | D．The Guggenheim Museum. |
【推荐2】Ancient Rome was one of the world’s most powerful empires more than 2,000 years ago. Romans’ ideas about roads, laws, government and buildings still influence us today.
The Colosseum in Rome was built during the phase of the Roman Empire, in the first century AD.
Italy, located in southern Europe, is shaped like a boot. Italy is well-known for its designers, who create cars, handbags, clothes, shoes and other items that are in demand for their style and fine workmanship. Today, the economy of Italy is stronger than that in the past.
Italy is a member of the European Union, an organization of joint countries for better trade. The currency, or money they use is called “euro”.
Many families still eat their main meal in the middle of the day.
| A．Italy has several islands off the coast. |
| B．The country used to depend on agriculture. |
| C．Mountains cover about three fourths of the country. |
| D．The family is very important to the Italian way of life. |
| E．The northern part of the country is the main manufacturing center. |
| F．It could seat about 50,000 people, who went to see fights between animals and people. |
| G．While there are some supermarkets, many people shop at small, neighborhood markets. |
【推荐3】Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms—disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (7miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
1. Which tour do you need to book in advance?| A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. |
| B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. |
| C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington. |
| D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. |
| A．Meet famous people. | B．Go to a national park. |
| C．Visit well-known museums. | D．Enjoy interesting stories. |
| A．City maps. | B．Cameras. |
| C．Meals. | D．Safety lights. |
【推荐1】If you’ve ever watched a dog nap, you’ve probably wondered if animals dream. It’s a complicated question. We still don’t know exactly why humans dream. Studying animal dreams is even harder; dogs can’t tell us what made them whine (哀鸣) during a nap. However, a recent study suggests spiders may experience REM-like (类快速眼动) sleep and even visual dreams. It sounds unusual, but it may be true.
Rats recall maze memories
After rats run a maze (迷宫) during the day, they can rerun the same course while asleep,research has shown. When awake, a rat’s hippocampus, a part of the brain responsible for making and storing memories, remembers the neuron (神经元) pattern of navigating the maze. Later when asleep, the brain reproduces the identical pattern, suggesting the rat remembers the maze.
This 2001 finding was one of the first to suggest that animals had complex dreams. Those rat brain studies show that when maze memories occur during sleep, the visual imagery that went along with them is also reactivated, meaning the sleeping rats saw what they had seen in the maze while awake. The same has been found for auditory(听觉) and even emotional areas that reactivate when the rat reruns the maze during REM sleep.
Zebra finches remember songs
Despite being known for their lyrical songs, zebra finches aren’t born singers. The birds must learn by listening, practicing, and, perhaps, by dreaming.
In 2000 researchers learned that neurons in the birds’forebrains fire with a distinct pattern while they sing a song. While the birds sleep, their brains reproduce this same pattern, replicating the song they heard and sang that day, suggesting the birds remember and practice songs in their sleep.
Do dreaming birds relive their waking experiences? Or are singing dreams more like algorithms(算法) running without conscious awareness? Scientists may be getting closer to finding out.
Researcher Mourrain says, “I would not be surprised if actual dreams were found in animals, and I think eventually we’ll be able to show that scientifically. You did something in the daytime,and your brain will replay it, integrate it, and mix it with other experiences. We’re not the only species capable of remembering and learning.”
1. Why is it more difficult to study animal dreams?| A．Animals rarely dream. | B．Animals do not speak. |
| C．Animals seldom snooze. | D．Animals do not experience REM. |
| A．It makes and stores memories. | B．It remembers the pattern of the maze. |
| C．It enables rats to have complex dreams. | D．It helps sleeping rats to see the maze clearly. |
| A．What we found in animals now are not actual dreams. |
| B．The science today is unable to prove that animals do dream. |
| C．The fact that animals dream will sooner or later be confirmed. |
| D．All animals in the world have the ability to remember and learn. |
| A．They want to find out the relationship between sleep and memory. |
| B．They hope to prove that humans are the only species that dream. |
| C．They try to understand animals’“dreams”and their influence on memory. |
| D．They attempt to improve the learning ability of these animals. |
【推荐2】The title of psychiatrist Anna Lembke’s book, Dopamine Nation: Finding Balance in the Age of Indulgence, refers to the crucial yet destructive role that dopamine (多巴胺) plays in modern society.
Dopamine, the main chemical involved in addiction, is secreted from nerve tracts (神经束) in the brain following a rewarding experience such as finding food, clothing or shelter. Nature has designed our brains to feel pleasure when these experiences happen because they increase our odds of survival.
But the days when our species struggled for survival are over. Dopamine Nation explains how modern life has made us vulnerable to dopamine related addiction. Today, social media is often the addictive substance of choice.
Lembke found that feel-good substances and behaviors increase dopamine release. The brain responds by decreasing overall dopamine transmission. Repeated exposure to similar stimuli creates a chronic dopamine shortage state, wherein we’re less able to experience pleasure. There are two risk factors for addiction: easy access and speedy reward. The smartphone is like a heroin (海洛因) needle, delivering digital dopamine for a wired generation. It delivers images to our visual cortex (大脑皮层) that are tough to resist. Social-media apps like TikTok cause the release of large amounts of dopamine, just like heroin, making us vulnerable to overconsumption.
Our brains cannot process the comparisons the virtual world demands. We can become overwhelmed by our inability to measure up to “perfect” people who exist only in the Matrix, and may sink into depression. Social media often feels good while we’re using it, but horrible when we stop.
Luckily, there is an antidote: a timeout—at least for a day. However, more time is needed away from our drug of choice, whether it’s heroin or Instagram. A monthlong dopamine fast will decrease the anxiety that social media causes, and enhance our ability to enjoy more modest rewards again.
1. What’ s the function of dopamine in human’s struggle to survive?| A．To enrich people’s daily necessities like shelter. |
| B．To reveal the truth of humans’ brain nerve tracts. |
| C．To reduce the possibility of the addition to dopamine. |
| D．To maximize the chance of survival with positive emotion. |
| A．Visual reaction will slow down. |
| B．Negative emotion will take place. |
| C．Dopamine release will be interrupted. |
| D．The brain will consume more energy. |
| A．cure | B．expectation | C．consequence | D．reference |
| A．Lembke’s Book- A Big Hit? |
| B．Brain- Adapted or Declining? |
| C．Dopamine- Balance of This Age? |
| D．Social Media—Modern Day Heroin? |
【推荐3】Peter Wohlleben, a forester from Germany who spent a lot of time observing and studying trees, became a star right off with a book that challenges ideas many of us hold about trees. The Hidden Life of Trees by him gives us lessons that can be useful for humans and inspires us to have a deep understanding of our lives.
In the book Peter mentions he learned young trees grow more quickly than old ones while in forestry school. The idea has been rejected by a group of researchers that published a study of 700,000 trees across every continent, and discovered older trees grow more quickly and healthily. As Peter says in his book, “being old doesn’t mean being weak and bowed.” How would humans understand this? Should we reframe old age from being weak and bowed to just being stronger in a different way?
When Peter realized “parent” trees force small trees to grow slowly, he was surprised. Two-hundred-year-old “mother beech trees,” for example, shade the young ones to allow very little light to get through, thus slowing their growth. In fact, scientists have learned that as they grow more slowly, they remain flexible to stand up to storms. This makes me wonder if humans grow “too fast,” especially as life expectancy increases. Do we need a better way to “pace” ourselves to be stronger in the long run?
Most trees grow strongly when they grow close together, contrary again to what Peter learned early in his career. Peter says that rather than separating trees, the better way is to make them live together. Even more interesting is that one study found that a group of beech trees shared nutrition so that all trees could do well and help weaker trees stay strong as well.
Trees communicate with and care for each other, share food, provide places for insects and animals to live, and can help humans stay healthy, so why shouldn’t we care for each other, share resources and live in peaceful communities?
1. What does the underlined word “rejected” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Mentioned. | B．Reconsidered. | C．Come up with. | D．Disagreed with. |
| A．Slowing down to be strong. | B．Looking at ageing differently. |
| C．Giving young people more care. | D．Having more respect for the elderly. |
| A．Trees compete for light and food. | B．It does good to trees to live together. |
| C．Trees grow long roots for better nutrition. | D．Peter insists that trees keep their distance. |
| A．The good qualities of trees. | B．Peter Wohlleben and his book. |
| C．Some trees’ secrets of growing very strong. | D．Some new knowledge and inspiration from trees. |
