To encourage all students to get an education, even if their parents can’t afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chahattisgarh is asking parents to simply plant saplings (树苗) instead of paying school fees. The parents have to take care of the sapling and plant a new one if it dies. Compared with the cost of traditional school fees, it’s a small price to pay. And it comes with the added bonus of helping improve local air quality.
The school is Shiksha Kuteer in the city of Ambikapur in the east of the country. It is reported that at least 35 students between the ages of five and six are studying there. The initiative was set up by a group of local professionals and business owners in response to India’s rapidly increasing education fees. “Shiksha Kuteer has opened in the village for students who have no money to pay fees,” local villager Sevak Das said.
The government now spends just 3.9 percent of its budget on education, which means parents are left to pay for high school fees, as well as paying for books and other school things. A national survey made last year showed that between 2011 and 2017, private expenditure (支出) increased by 175 percent to $100 per student each year. That might not sound like a lot, but for many families, particularly in poor areas, it’s not affordable, especially at the primary school level. The lack of government spending is damaging the education system, too. The 2017 Annual Status of Education report found that nearly 20 percent of Grade 2 students, aged seven to eight, didn’t recognize the numbers between one and nine.
But by offering such a way to get students into schools, Shiksha Kuteer is encouraging education in everyone. 700 saplings have been planted across the village over the last year and more and more people in other areas would like to adopt such an approach.
1. Which of the following can best describe Shiksha Kuteer’s approach?A.No pains, no gains. |
B.Kill two birds with one stone. |
C.Two heads are better than one. |
D.There are two sides to every question. |
A.It is surrounded by trees. |
B.It is run by the locals. |
C.It was set up for poor children. |
D.It aims to protect the environment. |
A.Cautious. | B.Doubtful. |
C.Uncaring. | D.Positive. |
A.The affordable way to encourage education in India. |
B.The heavy financial burden on parents in India. |
C.The big challenges of improving India’s education system. |
D.The effects of the Indian government spending little on education. |
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【推荐1】It has been two months since I moved to China, but its digital advancement hasn’t stopped impressing me ever since. One of the major things that I cannot imagine living without anymore is mobile payment. There are two major mobile payment apps here, Alipay and Wechat Pay. Both have similar payment features, though Wechat is more like a social media. That’s why I will focus on this “super app”.
So far, I’ve been overwhelmed by how convenient life can be with Wechat. It is present in every aspect of people’s daily life, from paying water and electricity bills, meals, cinema tickets to hailing a taxi, following news, and chatting with friends. Most merchants have adopted it, from tiny local street food stalls to high-end stores. A cashier may be surprised if you do not pay with Wechat or Alipay at the grocers or in restaurants. And it seems like the entire payment industry has encouraged this shift to mobile payment, equipping payment terminals (终端) with QR code scanners to simplify payments. Mobile payments are so common here that I realize that I can perfectly survive if I forget my wallet at home one day because most days I just don’t take it out of my bag!
As mentioned earlier, Wechat is also a major social media platform with about one billion daily users, which is more than the entire population of the European Union. So I have to say Chinese technological and digital development is a real miracle.
1. What does the underlined word mean in Paragragh 2?A.encouraged. | B.shocked. |
C.confused. | D.panicked. |
A.Wechat is more a social media than Alipay. |
B.All merchants have adopted mobile payment. |
C.A cashier may be surprised if you pay with Wechat or Alipay. |
D.It causes trouble if you don’t take your wallet with you. |
A.The Different Pinions About Mobile Payment |
B.The Development of Mobile Payment |
C.The Popularity of Chinese Mobile Payment |
D.Two Major Apps of Mobile Payment |
【推荐2】Time flies, but the tracks of time remain in books and museums. This is what made a recent tragedy in Brazil even more terrible.
On Sept 2, a big fire broke out in the National Museum of Brazil, the oldest scientific institution in the country, in Rio de Janeiro. Two hundred years of work, research and knowledge were lost,‖ Brazilian President Michel Temer wrote on Twitter after the fire. It’s a sad day for all Brazilians.‖
Most of the 20 million pieces of history are believed to have been destroyed. Only as little as 10 percent of the collection may have survived, Time reported. Among all the items, there were Egyptian mummies, the bones of uniquely Brazilian creatures such as the long-necked dinosaur Maxakalisaurus, and an 11,500-year-old skull called Luzia, which was considered one of South America’s oldest human fossils.
Besides these, Brazil’s local knowledge also suffered. The museum housed world famous collections of local objects, as well as many audio recordings of local languages from all over Brazil. Some of these recordings, now lost, were of languages that are no longer spoken.
The tragedy this Sunday is a sort of national suicide(自杀). A crime against our past and future generations.‖ Bernard Mello Franco, one of Brazil’s best-known reporters wrote on the newspaper site.
The cause of the fire is still unknown, as BBC News reported on Sept 3. After the fire burned out, crowds protested(抗议) outside the museum to show their anger at the loss of the irreplaceable items of historical value.
According to Emilio Bruna, an ecologist at the University of Florida, museums are living, breathing places of who we are and where we’ve come from, and the world around us. Those insects pinned in a drawer, or those fish in a jar, or a feathered cape(斗篷) you might see in a display case – that represents a little piece of who we are as a people, as humans, as part of a greater world,‖ he told National Geographic.
Just as underwater grass floats on the surface if it loses its roots, a nation is lost without its memories.
1. What do we know from Brazilian President’s words on Twitter ?A.He felt responsible for the fire of National Museum. |
B.The museum is the oldest national scientific institution. |
C.All Brazilians felt sorry for the fire that day. |
D.The fire caused serious historical loss to Brazil. |
A.Egyptian mummies. |
B.The long-necked dinosaur Maxakalisaurus. |
C.Some audio recordings of local languages. |
D.An 11,500-year-old skull called Luzia. |
A.all the records of local knowledge were destroyed |
B.the rate of suicide and crime was rising sharply |
C.people protested against the abuse of power of the government |
D.people of different walks of life showed their pity for the fire |
A.Advertisement | B.News report | C.Campus life | D.Geography |
【推荐3】As Christmas approached, the price of turkey went wild. It didn’t rocket, as some might suggest. Nor did it crash. It just started waving. We live in the age of the variable prices. In the eyes of sellers, the right price—the one that will draw the most profit from consumers’ wallets—has become the focus of huge experiments. These sorts of price experiments have become a routine part of finding that right price.
It may come as a surprise that, in buying a pie, you might be participating in a carefully designed social-science experiment. But this is what online comparison shopping has brought. Simply put, the convenience to know the price of anything, anytime, anywhere, has given us, the consumers, so much power that sellers—in a desperate effort to regain the upper hand, or at least avoid extinction—are now staring back through the screen. They are trying to “comparison shopping” us.
They have enough means to do so: the huge data tracks you leave behind whenever you place something in your online shopping cart with top data scientists capable of turning the information into useful price strategies, and what one tech economist calls “the ability to experiment on a scale that’s unimaginable in the history of economics.”
In result, not coincidentally, normal pricing practices—an advertised discount off the “list price,” two for the price of one, or simply “everyday low prices” are giving way to far more crazy strategies.
“In the Internet era, I don’t think anyone could have predicted how complicated these strategies have become,” says Robert Dolan, a professor at Harvard. The price of a can of soda in a vending machine can now vary with the temperature outside. The price of the headphones may depend on how budget-conscious your web history shows you to be. The price may even be affected by the price of the mobile phone you use for item search. For shoppers, that means price—not the one offered to you right now, but the one offered to you 20 minutes from now, or the one offered to me, or to your neighbor—may become an increasingly unknowable thing. “There used to be one price for something,” Dolan notes. Now the true price of pumpkin-pie spice is subject to a level of uncertainty.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.When holidays come, prices are usually increased. |
B.The right price to sellers is the one to bring biggest profits. |
C.The right price is fixed although it’s hard to find it. |
D.To buy a pie, customers have to become an expert in economy. |
A.reflect on the effect of the Internet |
B.analyze customers’ online buying history for price strategy |
C.double check the existence of the purchase |
D.find out online where the lowest prices are |
A.The instant mood of the buyer at the time of purchase. |
B.The necessity level of the item at the time of purchase. |
C.The extent to which the buyer is sensitive to the price. |
D.The price of the facility the buyer uses to look for the item. |
A.The advantages of online shopping over traditional shopping. |
B.Measures sellers take to maximize profits. |
C.The analysis of pricing mechanism. |
D.The battle between buyers and sellers in Internet age. |
【推荐1】New Jersey Middle School Makes
Students Go PhoneFree
A middle school in Union County, New Jersey, is forcing its students to stay disconnected in class, by prohibiting cellphones. Maxson Middle School Principal Kevin Stansbury put forward the phone ban last week after he noticed some major issues in the school. “Our test scores were down, and discipline was up,” he says. According to him, students were too focused on their phones to pay attention to their lessons. So, he purchased Yondr pouches for the school.
When students come into class each morning, they place their phones in the pouch, which is then locked tightly. So they have no access to phones at all. It can only be opened using a special device at the end of the day. The ban on mobile devices applies not just during class time but during breaks, with the only exceptions being in times of emergency or in cases of students who need such devices to help with disabilities.
Eighth graders who spoke with News 12 NewJersey say that they noticed a change in a matter of hours. “It’s just better for everyone because you’ll understand how it feels to get more work done instead of distracting attention because of the phone,” says student Charlene V. “I was usually listening to music, but today I got to communicate with all my friends,” says student Desiree Duncan.
The program was originally met with resistance from students and parents, so the process was not that smooth. But teachers and administrators say that the program will have a major impact. “Students were talking and laughing and there were no cellphones other than being carried in the pouches,” Stansbury says.
Teacher Nia Cummings says she even noticed students bouncing ideas off each other in class. She says students used to throw in the towel quickly and just rely on their phones to look for answers. She says they now try to figure the answers out themselves. “Everyone is socializing and eating lunch together. That’s what I wasn’t seeing when phone usage was at its worst,” she adds.
Maxson Middle School is currently the only one in the district to use these pouches. Kevin Stansbury also called on all the schools in the community that it’s worth paying close attention to cellphone issues at secondary schools and taking action when necessary.
1. Maxson Middle School put forward the phone ban because students ________.A.weren’t focused on school work |
B.were always listening to music |
C.used phones to cheat on exams |
D.stopped talking with others |
A.Opposition from students. |
B.Teamwork with friends. |
C.The daily routine at school. |
D.Effect of the program. |
A.Students discuss more in class. |
B.Students finish their work on time. |
C.Students guess the answers themselves. |
D.Students check messages during the break. |
【推荐2】Children from four Buckingham shire primary schools visited Epilepsy Society to plant a hedge (树篱) as part of a Plant-for-the-Planet project. The children from these schools were planting a hedge in the garden of the Queen Elizabeth House at the charity in Chalfont St Peter. Plant-for-the-Planet gives children across the globe the opportunity to learn about the threats of global warming to the environment, and then put their new knowledge into practice as they plant new trees.
The day was organised by Bob Sherren who showed the children how to plant the planet-friendly line of trees in protective chambers (防护室) to shield them from hungry wildlife as they settle in their roots. Bob said, “The day really was ‘Thinking Globally, Acting Locally’ put into action. The children learned about the importance of planting trees as a way of helping to bring about climate justice (正义) for many living in poorer nations and of course enjoyed planting the trees too.” The eventual hedge, which will grow to full size over ten years behind the Queen Elizabeth House, is made up of trees such as oaks, silver birches and so on.
Bob added, “The children were also able to help people living at Epilepsy Society because they will gain some well-needed privacy from the hedge in time. The natural wildlife benefits too from the fruits and nuts that a hedge made from native species can provide as well as the possibility for any number of nesting sites.”
Emma Darlington, Epilepsy Society’s volunteer officer, said, “I think it’s so important to encourage the younger generation that the future is in their hands and that they can make a difference, whether it is through taking part in projects like this or spreading awareness. We hope they learn a little bit about the work we do at Epilepsy Society too — the trees they planted will be enjoyed by everyone here for years to come.”
1. What is the purpose of the Plant-for-the-Planet project?A.To help children learn more about society. |
B.To offer children colourful after-school activities. |
C.To raise children’s awareness of global warming. |
D.To teach children how to protect natural wildlife. |
A.Separate. | B.Take. | C.Get. | D.Protect. |
A.Tired. | B.Proud. | C.Discouraged. | D.Peaceful. |
A.She hopes to popularise volunteering work. |
B.She tries to drive the children to study hard. |
C.She expects the children to take positive action. |
D.She believes the younger generation are promising. |
【推荐3】On June 17, China launched three astronauts into orbit to begin occupation of the country’s new space station. The three men — Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo — are to spend three months aboard the Tianhe module some 380km above the Earth. It will be China’s longest crewed space mission to date and the first in nearly five years.
The primary purpose of the team on the Shenzhou-12 mission is to bring the 22.5-tonne Tianhe module into service. “We need to set up our new home in space and test a series of new technologies,” Mr. Nie said ahead of the launch. “So, the mission is tough and challenging. I believe with the three of us working closely together, doing thorough and accurate operations, we can overcome our challenges. We do have the confidence to complete the mission.”
The crew successfully docked(对接) with the space station over seven hours after the launch. The moment of contact was met with applause from mission control and the huge land in China. The launch and following mission are definitely a demonstration of China’s growing confidence and capability in the space field. President Xi Jinping has thrown his support behind the country’s space efforts, and the Chinese official media regularly cast the “space dream” as one significant step on the path to “national rejuvenation(民族复兴)”.
China has in recent years made no secret of its space ambitions. It has poured significant funding into its space efforts, and in 2019 became the first country to send an un-crewed rover(登月车) to the far side of the Moon. For its part, China says it is open to foreign participation on its station. For example, on the outside of the station, there is an Indian-developed telescopic spectrograph to study ultraviolet emissions coming from deep space. And in the long term, there probably also will be visits to the station by non-Chinese citizens.
At Wednesday’s press conference, Ji Qiming, an assistant director with China’s human spaceflight agency, said: “We welcome co-operation in this regard.” “It is believed that soon after the completion of the Chinese space station, we will see Chinese and foreign astronauts fly and work together,” he added.
1. What is the chief goal of the three-man crew?A.Testing a variety of new technologies. |
B.Spending three months aboard the Tianhe module. |
C.Putting the Tianhe module into operation. |
D.Displaying China’s rising confidence and capability. |
A.Mind-blowing. | B.Heart-breaking. |
C.Energy-consuming. | D.Labor-saving. |
A.To show China’s stand on international cooperation. |
B.To make clear the presence of non-Chinese visitors. |
C.To praise India’s advanced aerospace technologies. |
D.To compare China and India at the technical level. |
A.The efforts put on space exploration. |
B.The detailed plan of the three-month mission. |
C.The welcome for foreign involvement. |
D.The delivery of the first crew to Tianhe module. |
【推荐1】The story told to all American children about honesty is about the cherry tree that President George Washington cut when he was a boy. In China, every child knows the story of Lei Feng, the young soldier who helped others and was very honest. The stories of George Washington and Lei Feng help us understand the importance of being honest.
Every teacher wants his or her students to be honest. If every student can be honest in their childhood, they will be honest when they become adults. The country will then be known as an honest country and it will be respected by everyone.
Usually, it is the father and the mother who give the first lessons of honesty. George Washington learned honesty from his father.
A favorite Chinese story is about a young man who went to the market to buy food for his mother. There was a very young girl there who was selling flowers. The young man stole one flower when the girl served her customer.
When he went home, he began to think what he had done. He went back to the market to find the girl. He told her that he was sorry and that he wanted to pay her for the flower. The little girl refused and said, "You do not need to pay for the flower, elder brother. Since you took it, I thought you had a reason to take it so I did not worry about receiving money for it."The young man was ashamed that he stole the flower. He could never forget about the importance of being honest.
1. What do we know from the stories of George Washington and Lei Feng?A.George Washington was the president of America. |
B.Lei Feng was a young soldier who helped others. |
C.We had heard the stories when we were only children. |
D.They help us understand the importance of being honest. |
A.George Washington. | B.Lei Feng. | C.Parents. | D.Teacher. |
A.Because the young man had realized his mistake. |
B.Because her flowers were free. |
C.Because she knew the young man well. |
D.Because the flowers were very cheap, and she sent one to the young man. |
A.Because it is one of the lessons required for study in every country. |
B.Because if a child is honest in his/her childhood, he/she will be honest when growing up. |
C.Because honest people are becoming less and less in most countries. |
D.Because teachers are afraid of students’ stealing things when they are still in school. |
【推荐2】Parents naturally comfort their children when they are scared, but new research shows that some reactions may actually increase their children’s feelings of anxiety. A new Arizona State University study shows that parents whose children suffer from anxiety often fall into the “protection trap” that may influence their child’s behavior. Researchers analyzed self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews that were completed by 70 children aged 6 to 16 who were being treated for anxiety at a university-based program.
The “protection trap” identified through the study involves parents who allow their kids to avoid situations that are scary or uncomfortable. Excuses may be made in order to avoid scary things or situations, which can increase anxiety. The more a child avoids a situation that may be scary, the scarier it becomes because they don’t have a chance to develop the skills or strategies to deal with the situation properly. Sometimes parents may tell the child what to do, how to behave and what to say during those situations. Or, they might do things on behalf of their child. Children don’t overcome the situation and they keep feeling anxious.
Researchers suggest parents monitor how their own reaction to their child’s anxiety affects their kids. thinking about the best way to respond and giving their children positive attention when they do something brave or face their fears in scary situations. “Even anxious children naturally face fears and situations that are frightening to them. Parents can look out for this type of bravery, no matter how small, and reward their child. Attention is often the most powerful type of reward so doing easy things like giving a high five, a smile, or a simple ‘I like how you faced your fears!’ can go a long way,” Holly, one of the researchers, said.
1. What does the new research mainly show?A.Parents’ comfort may do no harm to children’s mental health. |
B.Children’s behavior may reflect parents’ influence on children. |
C.Parents’ protection may strengthen children’s feeling of anxiety. |
D.Children’s anxiety may be connected to parents’ negative reaction. |
A.They involve anxious children in scary situations. |
B.They do frightening things instead of anxious children. |
C.They say no to the excuses made up by anxious children. |
D.They give anxious children chances to overcome anxiety. |
A.Ignore their own behavior. | B.Give children enough advice. |
C.Reward children with money. | D.Recognize children’s progress. |
A.Causes for children’s increasing anxiety and its long-term effects. |
B.Researches into the children of anxious parents and major conclusions. |
C.Approaches to protecting children from anxiety and their relative advantages. |
D.Problems with parents’ reactions to anxious children and related suggestions. |
【推荐3】Dartford Grammar. a secondary school in Kent, declines to enter their graduates for A-levels. Instead. pupils follow courses set by International Baccalaureate, an exam board based in Switzerland. They study six subjects, and these must include maths, English and a foreign language. “We’re not just preparing students for university,” says Julian Metcalf, the headmaster, “but for another 60 years of life beyond that.”
Every few years England’s A-level system comes in for a kicking. Britain’s prime minister is the latest person who warned that England was unusual in letting youngsters drop maths and their native language at 16. He proposed switching the current system for a new “British Baccalaureate” that would require pupils to keep up both of those subjects until they are 18.
Even critics agree that A-levels are demanding qualifications, and that they enjoy great reputation abroad. Britain’s universities have traditionally been pickier than those in many other countries. Ambitious students have generally been grateful that they are allowed to sweat only the subjects they need for admission. Yet A-levels may not be handing English teenagers the breadth (广度) of skills they need. Their performance in English and math tests falls behind other countries after they turn 16. One-third of 16-to 19-year-olds in England have low basic skills according to a survey.
There is enough time in the school day to offer extra maths and English classes without greatly affecting other studies. But it would cost money. Without any apparent justification, England’s schools get less funding for pupils aged 16-19 than they do for younger children. Broadening studies would also require more staff. However, the number of people who began training to be a secondary-school teacher this September was about one-third lower than hoped.
1. What drove Dartford to make the decision in the first paragraph?A.A-levels’ various courses. | B.Pupils’ heavy study burden. |
C.Prime minister’s latest proposal. | D.Students’ long-term development. |
A.They prefer foreign languages. | B.They have to study six subjects. |
C.They can choose to drop maths. | D.They are picky about universities. |
A.Strict admission rules. | B.Insufficient skill training. |
C.Low international recognition. | D.Demanding subject requirements. |
A.Overpaid staff. | B.Long school-time. |
C.Unqualified teachers. | D.Imbalanced investment. |