Bells ringing around the necks of dairy cows eating grass lazily on a green field may sound peaceful, but if you live next door, it can be noisy.
Two residents( 住 户 )who recently moved to the small village of Aarwangen in the Swiss Alps, which has a population of just 4, 700 people, complained about the ringing of cowbells. They asked for the cows’ bells to be removed at night so they can sleep.
Long-term residents and the village’s remaining farmers were angry. They felt it was an attack on their traditional culture. Cowbells have been used in rural Switzerland for centuries. They were once useful for tracking herds( 牧 群 )in the Alps in summer. Older farmers say they could hear each individual cow by the sound of its own bell. Another resident, Mr Andreas Baumann, said cowbells were an important part of the Swiss soul. Referring to the sound of cowbells, he said, “As soon as I hear them, I know I’m back home.”
The noise level of these cowbells is usually between 90 and 113 decibels(分贝) —which is equal to the noise from an alarm clock, hairdryer or some power tools. In modern times, however. many farmers have changed to using electronic chips instead of bells.
This year’s argument is not the first time residents have complained about cowbells. In 2015, a Zurich court( 法 庭 )ordered a farmer to remove the bells from his 27 cows from 10 pm to am since they were safe in a farm and always keeping the neighbors awake.
Next month, Aarwangen’s villagers will gather for a public meeting to vote on the future of their bells. They will decide how the sound of the bells can continue without breaking noise pollution laws.
1. Why did the new residents complain about the ringing of cowbells?A.It affected their rest at night. | B.It was an attack on culture. |
C.It was not attractive. | D.It couldn't be heard clearly. |
A.Uncaring. | B.Worried. | C.Doubtful. | D.Supportive. |
A.How to make laws. | B.How to keep the bells. |
C.When to vote on the bells. | D.Whether to remove noise pollution laws. |
A.An introduction to cowbells. | B.An argument about pollution. |
C.Cowbells: a trouble or a tradition. | D.Farmers: for or against raising cows. |
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【推荐1】Rome wasn't built in a day. And neither was the Roman subway system. Underground work is slow going, because construction workers often meet with frescoes(壁画) and other valuable stone foundations thousands of years ago. And a few years ago, they found the wooden foundations of a luxurious porch from a Roman building.
So local archaeologists called in Mauro Bernabei of the National Research Council of Italy. He's a dendrochronologist: someone who analyzes tree rings, which give age and environmental information.
"We have to study wood because it's full, really full, of information!" Bernabei and his team found that the wooden planks were oak(橡木). But the wood's origin was harder to determine. So they compared the tree rings in the oak floor to those available in libraries of tree rings that contain timber from all over Europe. And they found a match for the Roman wood—from the Jura region of eastern France, more than 600 miles away.
The researchers also determined that it was used in about 40 to 60 B.C. And some came from trees already up to 300 years old when they were cut down. The details are in the journal PLOS ONE.
The discovery is the first clear evidence of oak from north of the Alps being used to build ancient Rome. And it's a reminder that the Romans had a complex trading network. These trees, for example, likely floated down two rivers, across the Mediterranean and up another river to Rome.
Bernabei says Roman archaeologists usually destroy ancient wood—it's not as valuable as jewelry and vases and frescos. But he's hoping this study might change their minds."Save the wood, yes! And call me,if you don't want to save—please, call me!"He says.
1. Why does the subway in Rome go slowly?A.It is hard to dig up the earth in Rome. |
B.There are many ancient ruins buried here. |
C.It is very dangerous to work too fast in Rome |
D.The Roman are not experienced in building subways |
A.The wealth in ancient Rome |
B.The trading information of ancient Rome |
C.The culture of ancient Rome |
D.The social relations of ancient Rome |
A.The stone | B.The subway |
C.The French wood | D.The Roman foundation |
A.Scientists found some information about ancient Rome |
B.Wood was not as valuable as stones in ancient Rome |
C.Only the rich people in ancient Rome could use wood |
D.Ancient Rome could have a rich trading network. |
【推荐2】The Sanxingdui Museum in southwest China’s Sichuan Province enjoyed huge popularity during the three-day Qingming Festival holidays by receiving nearly 20,000 visitors on the peak day after the new archaeological discoveries brought international attention.
According to media reports, the museum saw over 15,000 visitors on Saturday — the first day of the Qingming Festival, breaking its record for daily visitors. And on the next day, more visitors swarmed (蜂拥) into the museum, the number exceeding 19,800. To cope with the mighty flow of people, on Sunday afternoon, the official Weibo account of the Sanxingdui Museum released the message to remind visitors to avoid rush hours or reschedule their visiting time.
The Sanxingdui Museum showcases various kinds of precious cultural relics unearthed at the site, such as the 2.62-meter-tall standing statue, 1.38-meter-wide bronze mask, and 3.95-meter-high bronze tree. Earlier on March 20, Chinese archaeologists announced some new major discoveries made during the 37th excavation (挖掘) since the last excavation 35 years ago. The ruins were first discovered in the late 1920s and first excavated in 1934. More than 500 important cultural relics have been unearthed in the six newly-found pits. Since the new discoveries were known to the public, the number of people visiting the Sanxingdui Museum has increased sharply.
The museum says although they are open as usual, the newly-found pits have not opened to the public yet and the newly-excavated cultural relics are still under repair and cannot meet the public currently. But a hall for cultural relic conservation and restoration will be in pilot operation in April and officially open on May 18. Visitors to it can see how the relics are restored, according to Zhu Yarong, vice director of the Sanxingdui Museum.
Dating back about 3,000 years, the Sanxingdui Ruins have shed light on the ancient Shu civilization and cultural origins of the Chinese nation, and have been regarded as one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the 20th century.
1. What mainly brought about the surge in tourists visiting the Sanxingdui Museum?A.Tourists’ enthusiasm. |
B.Sichuan Province’s policy. |
C.The Qingming Festival holidays. |
D.New archaeological discoveries. |
A.The official Weibo account linked the museum with the public. |
B.Newly-excavated cultural relics on display attracted tourists very much. |
C.The Sanxingdui Museum reacted immediately to the large flow of tourists. |
D.Tourist numbers reached the peak on the first day of the Qingming Festival. |
A.Experimental. | B.Private. |
C.Official. | D.Personal. |
A.The Sanxingdui Museum gives tourists insights into Chinese history |
B.Chinse people make full use of the Qingming Festival holidays to travel |
C.The Sanxingdui Ruins are a perfect tourist attraction over the Qingming Festival |
D.New discoveries make the Sanxingdui Museum more popular during the Qingming Festival |
【推荐3】Not everyone feels a connection with their cultural heritage, but many people do. What is it about cultural heritage that draws these people to it? Some may think traditions are old and no longer relevant, and that they are unnecessary during these modern times. But for others, exploring cultural heritage offers a variety of benefits.
Culture can give people a connection to certain social values, beliefs, religions and customs. It allows them to identify with others of similar mindsets and backgrounds. Cultural heritage can provide a sense of unity and belonging within a group and allows us to better understand previous (先前) generations and the history of where we come from.
Another benefit that comes from preserving cultural heritage as a whole is the communal support. Those that identify strongly with a certain heritage are often more likely to help out others in that same community. Real estate mogul (房地产大亨) Carl Mattone and his family are often sighted at fundraisers for local Catholic schools. Mattone was raised Catholic and attended Holy Cross High School in New York.
Cultural heritage is made up of many things large and small. We can see it in the buildings, townscapes, and even in archaeological remains. Culture can be perceived through natural sources as well: the agriculture and landscapes associated with it. It is preserved through books, artifacts, objects, pictures, photographs, art, and oral tradition. Cultural heritage is in the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the religions we follow, and the skills we learn. Sometimes we can touch and see what makes up a culture; other times it is intangible.
1. What can we learn about cultural heritage in paragraph 2?A.It is unnecessary in modern times. |
B.It can offer people a sense of belonging. |
C.It is about understanding the generations to come. |
D.It connects social values, beliefs, religions and customs. |
A.To praise their good deeds. |
B.To ask others to do as they do. |
C.To show the benefit of cultural heritage. |
D.To prove they are helpful in the community. |
A.The stories of cultural heritage. |
B.The importance of cultural heritage. |
C.The history of cultural heritage. |
D.The management of cultural heritage. |
【推荐1】Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a head — you’re fully aware of both things, and don’t require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfill, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction.
Humans can be sensitive souls. We each have our boundaries and lists of potential upsets, which when broken, cause us to either gently back away to an alternative position in the room, or become annoyed at the person. Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliar person, so that you may better understand their personality. When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it’s much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won’t find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare.
Though insignificant, small talk still has great power. When talking with fellow humans, much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication. A response to “how was your weekend” can uncover much about the person’s character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, is a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying.
As more of a person’s character is revealed, we have the insight needed to determine whether to put forward more significant topics — the things that we actually want to talk about. Conversation is a great educator, and deep conversations establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vivid colors. Such friendships begin with small talk.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A.The first stage of human interaction. |
B.Ridiculous human behavior in communication. |
C.Absence of communication between strangers. |
D.The difficulty of having deep conversations. |
A.Because they talk to an unfamiliar person. |
B.Because they are enthusiastic about politics. |
C.Because they are too sensitive about boundaries. |
D.Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance. |
A.The length of the answer. | B.The quality of the voice. |
C.The position of the head. | D.The distance between speakers. |
A.Sensitive Human Souls | B.Ways of Understanding Personality |
C.Significance of Small Talk | D.Challenging Deep Conversations |
【推荐2】Chimney swift (烟囱雨燕) numbers have fallen by more than 70 percent since the 1960s, scientists believe, and by more than one-third over the past 16 years. That large drop have made the International Union for the Conversation of Nature regard chimney swifts as“vulnerable(脆弱的)”. That is the last step before they are considered “endangered”.
Chimney swift numbers are becoming smaller as the shape and design of the nation’s buildings change. People are tearing down old factory buildings and schools. Many of these buildings have chimneys. Today, most American homes do not have chimneys. And many homeowners who do have chimneys cover up the top to keep out.
People across the United States are putting up tall, narrow buildings to help chimney swifts. They hope they will use these buildings as nesting areas and resting places.
Bird lovers, Georgean and Paul Kyle, are often praised for starting the present interest in building towers. “It does give us hope that if we put them up, they will use them,” the Kyles said. They have put up more than 100 towers in Central Texas. Eighty percent of those buildings before the birds’ March arrival get nests in their first year. Hundreds of migrating swifts make use of the towers.
But the link between the drop in chimney swift numbers and chimney loss is not clear. The flying insects that swifts eat also appear to be dropping.
Professor Rubega thinks the cause of the birds’ drop could be in South America. “Chimney swifts are basically a South American bird that stays in North America for four months, ” she said. Rubega said a big problem is that scientists have only a few reports of small numbers of chimney swifts in the upper Amazon Basin. So, they do not really know where the little birds spend the winter, let alone what may be happening to them there.
1. Where are chimney swifts used to living?A.In rooms with humans. | B.In useless old buildings. |
C.In the woods near villages. | D.In chimneys of buildings. |
A.Give them much food. | B.Build homes for them. |
C.Add chimneys to new houses. | D.Open chimneys for them to get in. |
A.Chimney swifts suffer a lot in South America. |
B.It’s necessary to build homes for chimney swifts. |
C.Scientists know only a little about chimney swifts. |
D.Chimney loss has nothing to do with the birds. |
A.Chimney Swifts Numbers Are Dropping |
B.Chimney Swifts Will Change Their Lifestyle |
C.Chimney Swifts Prefer Their New Homes |
D.Chimney Swifts Live in Peace with Humans |
【推荐3】College rankings(排名)are very popular among parents and students in the United States.
The best-known ranking is probably by the magazine U.S. News & World Report. It put out its first “America’s Best Colleges” report in 1983. Since then, educators have doubted the rankings.
A number of magazines put out lists of college rankings once every year. Recently, Forbes put out its college rankings for 2021. It listed 650 schools. Like other lists, Forbes considers things like student satisfaction, how successful college graduates are and how much money they make.
Ray Anderson of Virginia is a former high school headmaster. He now works with a service called AGM-College Advisors.
Jeffrey Stahl agrees that rankings have limited value. In his job as a counselor(顾问)at Yorktown High School in Virginia, he talks with students and their parents about colleges.
A.Choosing a college is of great importance. |
B.There are plenty of schools to choose from. |
C.Forbes adds another important piece of information. |
D.Many parents and students consulted education experts. |
E.The service provides guidance on higher education for students. |
F.He suggests that families use the ranking information as a starting point. |
G.But are these rankings the best way to help students choose the right school? |
【推荐1】On December 14, 1972, three NASA astronauts (宇航员) left the moon. Two had just completed their stay there for NASA’s Apollo 17 mission (任务). During that time, astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt walked across the lunar (月球的) surface. Meanwhile, astronaut Ronald Evans kept control of the command module. When the astronauts returned to Earth, they became the last humans to visit the moon.
Now, about 50 years later, astronauts are getting ready to go back. But this time will be different. On November 16, 2022, NASA launched (发射) its Artemis 1. The agency’s new Space Launch System rocket lifted off in Florida and began its first voyage toward the moon. No one was on board. But the mission tested new technologies that eventually will bring astronauts back to the moon, including the first woman.
Jose Hurtado, an expert at the University of Texas at El Paso, said, “It was a great launch. What I love is about space exploration, so it was really stirring.” He found it an inspirational view, hoping everybody watching it got that inspiration.
NASA’s Apollo program took place in the 1960s and 1970s.Its crewed missions to the moon ran from 1968 to 1972. In July 1969, the Apollo 11 mission landed the first astronaut on the moon. Over the next few years, five more flights brought 10 more American men to the sky.
Once Apollo ended, NASA shifted its focus to space stations as preparation for longer human spaceflights. America’s first space station, Skylab, launched in May 1973, hosted four crews of astronauts that year and the next. But Skylab was meant to be only a temporary station. Within several years, it broke apart in the atmosphere.
NASA astronauts won’t be the only people exploring the lunar surface. China aims to land its own astronauts at the moon’s south pole within the next decade.
1. When did the last Apollo moon landing happen?A.In 1968. | B.In 1969. | C.In 1972. | D.In 1973. |
A.To test an American new rocket. |
B.To land at the moon’s south pole. |
C.To build America’s first space station. |
D.To prepare for man’s return to the moon. |
A.Tiring. | B.Simple. | C.Similar. | D.Exciting. |
A.China’s inspiration of getting to the moon. |
B.NASA started to focus on the space station. |
C.China’s efforts to send astronauts to the moon. |
D.NASA astronauts explored the lunar surface. |
【推荐2】Canada’s western provinces are being hit hard by wildfires. Alberta has been hit especially hard. Heavy smoke from the fires has spread far beyond the region.
Alberta has been fighting wildfires for several weeks. Nearby British Columbia and Saskatchewan have also been seriously hit by wildfires. So far, the wildfires in Alberta have burned 8,420 square kilometers of land. Currently, 77 wildfires are still burning in Alberta, and 23 of the fires are considered out of control. That’s better than last week. In British Columbia, 89 fires are burning, and 22 are out of control. In British Columbia, about 1,350 square kilometers of land have been burned. Around 2,500 fire fighters have been working to bring the fires under control.
In Alberta, the wildfires have made over 29,000 people homeless. People have also been forced to evacuate in British Columbia and Saskatchewan. The fires have created so much smoke that it can be seen from space. The air quality across northwest Canada has been described as Very High Risk. The smoke is even affecting the air quality in several states in the United States. The wildfires have also caused problems for a number of oil and gas companies in Canada. Alberta is famous for producing oil and gas. Many oil companies have been forced to shut down.
Wildfires aren’t unusual in western Canada. But generally, the wildfire season begins later in the year. The early fires this year have been made much worse by extremely hot and dry weather. For most of May, a high-pressure weather system has been bringing record temperatures to the area. Many locations in Alberta have never seen higher temperatures than they have this year. The high temperature in Alberta on Sunday was 32.8℃.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning the wildfires?A.What they have caused. | B.How they are getting along. |
C.Where they are happening. | D.Who are putting them down. |
A.Wait patiently. | B.Go on working. | C.Fight back bravely. | D.Leave their homes. |
A.They are worth arguing. | B.They are not serious. |
C.They are understandable. | D.They happen normally. |
A.A diary. | B.A magazine. | C.A novel. | D.A newspaper. |
【推荐3】A recent study has showed that a wearable soft robot, named Reliebo, can improve the experience of patients in medical treatments, such as injections (注射) and other unpleasant treatments. The goal of the robot is to help ease pain and defend people against anxiety. The study, led by researchers at the University of Tsukuba, was inspired in part by the numerous needles people had to put up with while being vaccinated. Some people felt an intense di like for these needs, which led to fewer people getting vaccinated.
The robot is soft and covered in fur. It contains small airbags internally that inflate(膨胀) in response to hand movement. Participants in the study who wore the robot while subjected to a medium heat stimulation, experienced less pain in the test than those who did not wear the robot.
The research team checked the effectiveness of the wearable robot while being handled by participants under certain conditions, based on the clenching (紧握) of the hand. The team placed painful heat stimulation on the other arm that was not holding the robot. They then measured cortisol (皮质醇) levels from the participants’ saliva samples, suggesting levels of stress hormones. The pain felt by the patients was given specific ratings and was also recorded using an assessment table. The people in the study were given a survey test to assess their fear of injections before and after the experiment with the wearable robot was completed.
The study proved that a wearable-informed robot may serve as a prospective tool to ease the experience of patients who were receiving injections. The research team hopes to use this study to advance the robot for use during painful situations, such as getting medical shots or similar conditions.
1. What is the function of the robot?A.To make doctors inject accurately. | B.To prevent patients from getting il. |
C.To help relieve people’s pain from injections. | D.To assess the effects of vaccines. |
A.The reasons for doing the experiment on the robot. |
B.The proposals of reducing people’s fear of injections. |
C.The contributions of the new robot in the medical field. |
D.The methods of testing the effectiveness of the robot. |
A.Useless. | B.Promising. | C.Narrow. | D.Disgusting. |
A.A news report. | B.A music website. | C.A sports magazine. | D.A science fiction. |