The history of the Great Wall is said to start from the Spring and Autumn Periods. Many countries appeared at the same time. In order to protect    1    (they), they all built walls on the borders.

In 221BC, Emperor QinShihuang set up the first unified kingdom in Chinese history. He ordered the previous wall sections of different states be linked together and extended. The Great Wall of Qin seemed like a dragon,     2    runs from Lintao in the west to Liaodong in the east. Thus it     3    (name) “Wanli Changcheng”

In the Western Han Dynasty, the Huns(匈奴人) in the north became much     4    (powerful).The Han court started to build more walls in order to guard the frontier. The     5    (follow) dynasties all built their own walls     6     on a smaller scale than the walls in the Han Dynasty. The strong Tang Dynasty saw peace between the northern tribes and central China for a long time, so few Great Wall sections were built in this period.

The Ming Dynasty is the peak of wall building in Chinese history. The Ming suffered a lot by troubles from     7     (minor) tribes. The Ming court, from its first emperor to the last, endlessly built walls in the north.     8     made the country much safer in this period were those countless walls and watchtowers.

Owing to its long history, natural disasters and human activities, many parts of the Great Wall are badly damaged and disappearing. Being a world-famous engineering project and seeing the rise and fall     9    the Chinese history, the Great Wall needs to take immediate action    10    (protect) it.

Bathed in warm sunshine, the newly restored Jingfu Ge,     1     is part of the Summer Palace in Beijing, is like an elderly person     2     a youthful face. It possesses the solemnity and magnificence of a royal building, and the gentle elegance of time.

After a yearlong work, the ancient building was reopened, enabling     3     public to see the results during a special open day on Oct 30.

Located on the eastern ridge of Wanshou Mountain in the Summer Palace, the building was initially a two-story pavilion     4     (construct) during the reign of Qing Dynasty Emperor Qianlong from 1736 to 1796,     5     known as the Tanhua Pavilion.     6     (fortunate), it was burned to the ground by Anglo-French forces in 1860, and it     7     (rebuild) between 1891-93 during the reign of Emperor Guangxu. Historical records show that Empress Dowager Cixi often went there     8     (appreciate) the views and the weather, and received foreign envoys and their family members in the building, which was not far from     9     (she) residence in the Summer Palace.

This round of     10     (restore) covered the main hall and the surrounding courtyard, with the aim of minimizing interference with the building and not changing its original facade and features.

Imperial Mountain Resort in Chengde used to be the resort of emperors of Qing Dynasty. Situated in the city of Chengde in northeastern Hebei Province, the resort is     1     (convenient) accessible by either train or long-distance bus. And the resort,     2     constructions started in 1703 and took 89 years to complete, is regarded as one of China’s four famous gardens.

Surrounded by lakes, forest and mountains, it is China’s     3     (large) existing imperial garden and the former summer capital of the Qing Dynasty,     4     (cover) an area of 5.64 million square meters. The size of Chengde Summer Resort is as big as that of the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace     5     (combine). The 10-km-long wall around it winds its way through plains and high mountains     6     the Great Wall.

The resort and the 12 Buddhist temples at its periphery (外围) were built during the Qing Dynasty. It served as the second political center of the Qing imperial court     7     the emperors of the early Qing Dynasty often spent their summers there, conducting state     8     (affair) and engaging in important political activities. The resort and its outer temples and palaces have made Chengde     9     famous historical and cultural city, and one of China’s leading scenic spots. The Imperial Resort     10     (list) in the directory of the world’s cultural heritages in 1994.