The Feast of the Seven Fishes is an Italian-American tradition that dates back to an immigration (移民) wave in the 1900s. The Italian American tradition of the “Feast of the Seven Fishes” has appeared in movies and recently in the hit show The Bear. But talking of the origin, you’ll get many different answers. The Feast of the Seven Fishes is a dear tradition to many Italian Americans who enjoy at least seven different seafood dishes on Christmas Eve.
A vast majority of Italian immigrants to the United States were from rural Southern Italy at the turn of the 19th century. They came to America because there were jobs from building railroads to skyscrapers. Friends and families found success and brought their loved ones to the U.S. Some say fish was chosen for the Feast because it was plentiful for impoverished families in Southern Italy. Others say the sea represented Italian Americans’ connection between their old and new homes.
Writer and director Robert Tinnell made a comic in 2004 about his experience with the Feast of the Seven Fishes, which he later made into a 2019 movie. Growing up in North Central West Virginia, he fondly remembers his great grandmother organizing the Feast. After she died, his grandfather and other men in the family took over. That particular manly activity is something that the first Italian immigrants would have also performed out of necessity: men came to America first, without their wives and daughters.
However, knowledge about where to shop, when to prepare, how to cook, the history behind the meal and family traditions soon became the responsibility of mothers to pass down to their daughters, says Di Giovine, a professor at West Chester University of Pennsylvania. They are also likely the ones who have the final say in making changes to recipes. Over time, families often adjust the menu to make things easier, cheaper, more abundant, and more accommodating of dietary restrictions.
1. What do we know about the Feast of the Seven Fishes?A.It relates to a story of Italians. | B.It’s made up of seven fishes. |
C.It marks a vital historic event. | D.It’s about Americans in Italy. |
A.Needy. | B.Unfortunate. | C.Extended. | D.Uneducated. |
A.He loves fishes. | B.He’s an editor. |
C.He’s emotional. | D.He teaches writing. |
A.A Fish-making Method | B.A Festival Tradition |
C.A Cookery Book | D.A Special Celebration |
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【推荐1】No one knows for sure when and where the idea of April Fool’s Day for silly jokes started. One thing is for sure:Humans have been celebrating this holiday for hundreds of years,in many cultures.
One popular theory has to do with the calendar. Many ancient cultures celebrated the new year in spring,around April 1. In Europe,Pope Gregory XIII introduced a new calendar in 1582. The calendar named January 1 as the new start of the year. Many people and countries did not accept the change for years. The story goes that people made fun of the people who still celebrated the new year on April 1.
In some countries,people exchanged gifts on New Year’s Day. So another theory is that people began to give joke gifts on April 1 after the calendar changed. But there are probably as many explanations for the tradition as there are cultures that participate.
One thing is for sure,almost everyone has fun!
Mexicans celebrate a kind of fools’ day on December 28. You’re in trouble on that date if you lend someone something,because you won’t get it back!In India,March 31 is the day for tricks. Portuguese,who celebrate on the Sunday or Monday before the Christian holiday of Lent,throw flour on their friends. People in England say playing tricks after noon on April 1 brings bad luck to the jokers. The U.S. holiday doesn’t have special traditions.
Humor expert Joel Goodman of the Humor Project teaches businesses and individuals how to enjoy the positive power of humor in daily life. When asked to define the difference between a good prank and a disgusting one,he explains,“It is the difference between laughing with someone and laughing at them. Humor should lift people up!”
So start thinking now. If it looks like rain,fill someone’s closed umbrella with pieces of paper and watch them pour down when it is open. Glue a coin to the sidewalk with superglue. When people get annoyed trying to pick it up,remember to yell,“APRIL FOOLS!”Of course,kids can reply with the “Disappearing Class”. When the teacher goes out of the room for a moment,all the kids hide. Just remember,the person you play a trick on should be laughing,too. So keep the tradition going in the right spirit.
1. What is certain about April Fool’s Day?A.It dated back to 1582. |
B.People enjoy this holiday. |
C.Its origin is related to a calendar. |
D.Pope Gregory XIII created this holiday. |
A.Skip a class when the teacher is out. |
B.Fill someone’s closed umbrella with water. |
C.Give someone soap that turns his hands dirty. |
D.Frighten someone to death by dressing up as a ghost. |
A.be used in daily lives |
B.make people feel happier |
C.change people’s attitude |
D.be appreciated by people |
A.Tricks played should be amusing and harmless. |
B.The crazier the tricks are,the better. |
C.It’s better to use some special tools. |
D.Keep playing them for fun. |
【推荐2】Thailand(泰国) has several unique holidays. One of them is King’s Birthday, which is a national holiday. On this day, each city is decorated with bright colored lights, and in the evenings the Thai walk around together looking at the decorations. Traditional dishes and family favourties are eaten, and meals always include steamed whole chicken with hot pepper dipping sauce and sliced roast pig’s head.
New Year’s Day is also important in Thailand. Brown eggs are boiled and then cooked in soy sauce, sugar, fish sauce and five spices. These eggs represent good life in the coming year. The Thai will also eat special egg rolls, dipped in namplaprig, a sweet and sour sauce. Decorations for the New Year include fruit like bananas, coconuts, pineapples and papayas.
Songkran is a three-day water festival that comes in April. For this holiday, people douse each other and everything they have with water in thanks for rain and in the hope of good luck. April is the hottest month in Thailand, so this festival is refreshing and fun. The celebrations also include a big dinner, at which curries, usually yellow ones, and long noodles are eaten. These noodles symbolize long life.
Loy Krathong is a November holiday that involves making bamboo boats and putting lighted candles into them. As these little boats float down the river, they are supposed to carry away sin and pay honor to the spitits of the water. After watching the boats, people eat a large meal that includes grilled chicken, fish, coconut and egg yolks. No matter what they are celebrating, Thai holidays always include family and good food.
1. What would be the best title for this passage?A.Songkran and Loy Krathong in the coming Year. |
B.How the King Celebtates His Birthday |
C.Special Acitivities on Holidays |
D.Festivals in Thailand |
A.Roasted pig’s head and grilled chicken |
B.Long noodles served with dipping sauce |
C.Towns decorated with colored lights. |
D.Dinner tables filled with traditional eggs. |
A.Long life. | B.A good life in the coming year. |
C.Bad deeds carried away. | D.Decorated tables with kinds of fruit. |
A.Songkran | B.Loy Krathong | C.King’s Birthday | D.New Year’s Day |
【推荐3】USA TODAY 10Best's Readers Choice Awards are currently on hold.We asked our readers to vote for the top events across six categories:music,general food,specialty food,film,cultural and emerging industries(founded in the past five years).These are some of the winners:
Kutztown Folk Festival
The nine-day Kutztown Folk Festival is the nation's oldest continuously operated folk life festival,drawing visitors from around the globe.A celebration of Pennsylvania Dutch culture and heritage,the event includes America's largest quilt sale,200 craftsmen and folk artists,local food and family friendly entertainment.
Water Lantern Festival
The Water Lantern Festival is all about connections.Magical nights in cities across the US include food,live music and the beauty of thousands of lanterns decorated with letters of love, hope and dreams floating on the water.
Carnaval of Quebec
The Quebec Carnaval is a 10-day festival of winter,the world's largest,complete with nighl parades(庆祝游行),ice skating,snow sculptures and a towering ice palace.Other highlighls include ice canoe racing,a sugar shack and iconic Caribou drinks.
San Francisco Chinese New Year Parade
San Francisco has celebrated its Chinese heritage during its annual Chinese New Year Festival&Parade since just after the Gold Rush.The parade ranks among the best in the world, with 100 units,fancy costumes,fireworks and a 268-foot Golden Dragon,which takes a team of 100 men and women to march through the streets.It has become one of the largest events of its kind in the world,drawing some three million spectators and television viewers.
1. What can you see during Kutztown Folk Festival?A.Modern arts. |
B.Quilts for sale. |
C.Traditional weddings. |
D.Shows on stage. |
A.Kutztown Folk Festival. |
B.Carnaval of Quebec. |
C.Water Lantern Festival. |
D.San Francisco Chinese New Year Parade. |
A.include special food |
B.relate to parades |
C.take place only at nights |
D.have sculpture exhibitions |
【推荐1】The artificial-intelligence chatbot ChatGPT has shaken educators since its November release. New York City public schools have banned it from their networks, and professors are improving syllabus (教学大纲) to prevent students from using it to complete homework. The chatbot’s creator, OpenAI, unveiled a tool to detect text generated by artificial intelligence to prevent abuse.
However, there is one subject area that doesn’t seem threatened. It turns out ChatGPT is quite bad at math.
While the bot gets many basic arithmetic questions correct, it makes errors when those questions are written in natural language. For example, ask ChatGPT “if a banana weighs 0.5 lbs and I have 7 lbs of bananas and nine oranges, how many pieces of fruit do I have?” The bot’s quick reply: “You have 16 pieces of fruit, seven bananas and nine oranges.”
Debarghya Das, a search-engine engineer, tried to explain why this happens in his Twitter. “Just imagine if you ask a room of people who have no idea what math is but have read many hieroglyphics (象形文字), ‘what comes after 2+2,’ they might say, ‘Usually, we see a 4.’ That’s exactly what ChatGPT is doing.” But, he adds, “math isn’t just a series of hieroplyphics, it’s computation.”
Another reason that math teachers are less worried by this revolution is that they have been here before. The field experienced dramatic changes for the first time decades ago with general availability of computers and calculators.“Math has had the biggest revolution based on the system of any mainstream subject,” said Conrad Wolfram, the strategic director of Wolfram Research, which developed Mathematica, a technical computing software program.
The broader lesson is that AI, computers and calculators aren’t simply a shortcut. Math tools require math knowledge. A calculator can’t do calculus unless you know what you’re trying to solve.
In general, AI will likely ultimately be most useful for those who already know field well: They know the questions to ask, how to identify the shortcomings and what to do with the answer.
1. What can we infer from paragraph 1 about ChatGPT?A.New York schools punished students who used it. |
B.Professors designed new syllabus with the help of it. |
C.It’s possible for teachers to identify papers written by it. |
D.The government introduced some laws to prevent its abuse. |
A.By setting an example. |
B.By drawing a comparison. |
C.By presenting some data. |
D.By telling a related story. |
A.They can use ChatGPT to solve arithmetic questions. |
B.They have already learnt the impact of technology on math. |
C.ChatGPT only understand questions written in natural language. |
D.ChatGPT usually gives misleading information in conversations. |
A.A five-year old boy who is good at calculating. |
B.A pupil who wants to cheat in the math exam. |
C.A professor who has read many hieroglyphics. |
D.A math instructor struggling with math problems. |
【推荐2】In the UK we often equate life experience, especially amongst younger generations, with the number of stamps in your passport. Travel is not simply a pursuit of leisure but also “character-building”, “defining” and potentially, “career-boosting”.
Most of the people I know here at university experience that same itch to get in a plane, train, bus or car and escape the hectic stress of deadlines and seminars that usually surrounds us. But I don’t think, as UK student, we can blame our addiction to international travel simply on a stressful life. Yes, I have a lot to handle and it’s a fine balancing act managing my part-time job, my degree and my social life to a perfect level. But really I think we are the first generation in a truly open world, where we can get anywhere, see anything and experience every culture under the sun, at the click of a button, the purchase of a ticket.
Many people I met while working in China were surprised at the number of countries I’d travelled to, which came as a surprise. Compared to friends and family I consider myself vastly under-travelled. I’ve yet to even set foot across the pond in the U. S. A and Canada. let alone South America and even within Europe, my checklist of destinations is far from complete. But more eye opening for me, I was also met by astonishment at how little geographical traversing I had done within my own borders. This was something I had not really considered before and as I left Beijing I felt an overwhelming appreciation not just for the rich culture of China but also for the diverse localities within the UK. How much of my own country had I really seen and experienced? To those from a place as vast and varied as China, Britain was really so small in comparison and so to have spent 20 years there and not seen every nook and cranny of it was quite surprising.
I spent a while engaged in a convention with a Chinese colleague over the difference in building style, in architecture from the Highlands of Scotland to the Cornish const. Now for most people this sounds dreary and dull, and I guess I am biased as a student of history who finds anything remotely historical fascinating. However it was not the geological variety of stone within British cities I found interesting. We continued our discussion, yet I was left embarrassed that I could not provide a concrete answer to her question. In China, as well as a wealth of new culture that fascinated me, I discovered that there were parts of the UK’s culture, history, the very structure of my identity that were so different, so unique from China that I also gained a new found interest in my own heritage.
In this respect, travelling enables you with two things. Firstly, you develop an overwhelming fascination with new cultures, understanding customs, experiencing cuisines and absorbing the sights and smells of every new city. For many employers this adaptability to new locations is seen as a tremendous asset to your personal resume. But alongside increased employ ability, through international, cross-cultural conversations, you develop an interest in your own history, culture, and customs. You return to your home filled with an understanding of other people’s fascination with it and imbued with your own sense of love for its peculiarities.
1. What information can we get from Paragraph 1 in the UK?A.The number of stamps shows someone’s life experience. |
B.Travel experience is a important criterion in selecting applicants. |
C.Travel is regarded as an enriching life experience that will make your C.V. stand out. |
D.Travel is simply a way of gaining relaxation. |
A.British university students travel for getting rid of busy life. |
B.The author is an experienced traveller who has been to diverse localities and completed her checklist of destinations. |
C.It’s not surprising that 20 more years’ living in UK makes the author walk around every part of it. |
D.Travelling can enable you to be competent in employ ability. |
A.Inadequate travelling experience restricted her sights at work. |
B.Her colleague had a prejudice on her for she was a student of history. |
C.Not answering the question in detail embarrassed her so much. |
D.She got interested in Chinese culture by comparing it with that of UK. |
A.Travel, a self-finding tour |
B.Travel, a home coming tour |
C.Travel, a leisure-pursuing tour |
D.Travel, a cultural recognition tour |
【推荐3】A lot of manufactured glass today made from sand and sodium carbonate (碳酸钠) can be reused or melted down and recycled into new items, but it doesn’t break down in the environment and will sit in landfills for thousands of years. A team of Chinese scientists aimed to deal with this environmental concern by developing an eco-conscious alternative.
In a study published recently in the journal Science Advances, a team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Process Engineering describe how they engineered biodegradable glass made from amino acids (氨基酸). That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months.
In a test, glass beads made out of amino acids were placed under the skin of mice, and the breakdown of the bead and the skin healing process were observed for 30 days. A diagram from the study shows how the mice’s bodies broke down the beads. In that month, the glass implant degraded beneath the skin, the wound site healed, and fur grew back. “Throughout the experimental period, no mice exhibited any pain-related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation, and none of them experienced obvious weight loss,” the researchers wrote in their paper.
Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment, this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass, because amino acids can break down quickly in heat. To overcome this problem, the researchers chemically modified amino acids using the heating-cooling process tailored for manufacturing the new glass. This is when materials for the glass are heated to become soft and then rapidly cooled so as to make the glass tougher.
“It’s important to point out that this biodegradable glass is currently in the lab stage, and far from large-scale commercialization,” emphasized Yan Xuehai, a professor involved in the study, in a press release.
1. What has been found after researchers implanted glass beads inside mice?A.The gradual degradation of the beads. | B.The recycling process of the beads. |
C.Swollen wound sites of the mice. | D.Apparent weight losses of the mice. |
A.The enhanced durability through chemical adjustment. |
B.The adoption of traditional glass manufacturing procedures. |
C.The prolonged exposure to heat during glass production. |
D.The rapid degradation of amino acids in the environment. |
A.Disapproving. | B.Objective. |
C.Ambiguous. | D.Dismissive. |
A.Amino acids make eco-friendly glass durable. |
B.Biodegradable glass gains popularity in the market. |
C.Biodegradable glass offers a solution to ecological sustainability. |
D.Amino acids provide inspiration in glass manufacturing. |