The Spring Festival, known     1     the Chinese Lunar New Year, falls on February 16th this year and     2     (mark) the start of the Year of Dog in the Chinese Lunar Calendar, Meanwhile, the Spring Festival travel season, known as Chunryun in Chinese, officially begins. It is     3     time for family reunions, so millions of Chinese people will return to their hometowns or travel around the country with their families,    4     leads to the largest human migration in the world. Around 2.98 billion trips are expected to be made during the Spring Festival. Several years

ago, some people had no     5     (choose) but to turn to ticket scalpers (黄牛党) for help. However, at present, unlike previous years, people find     6     much easier to get tickets. High-speed trains make trips home     7     (considerable) faster. China Railway Corp. has launched a series of     8     (service) for passengers which involve self-service counters, free smartphone apps and ubiquitous (随处可见的) travel notices, thus     9     (save) much time for the passengers. As for travel by road, the electronic toll collection system helps enhance the efficiency of travel with the system     10     (update).

The most popular martial arts today originated(起源)in Asia,     1    (especial) in China. Some Chinese fighting styles     2    (invent) more than 3,000 years ago. Many martial arts were invented because people needed to defend themselves or protect     3    . Nowadays, people learn martial arts as a way of keeping ft or as a competitive sport, but they are still very useful for self - defence.

Martial arts are often referred to as either soft or hard. Soft martial arts, such as tai chi, teach you to use your opponent’s (对手) own force to defend yourself, whose movements     4    (be) soft for the defender but not for the attacker! On the other hand, hard styles, such as Kung Fu, teach you     5    (defend) yourself using force. Hard martial arts techniques are more effective if you are more skillful, more powerful and faster     6     your opponent.

Perhaps one of the best known Japanese martial arts today is karate. In the 14th century, a community of Chinese migrants (移民) from Fujian settled in     7    was then the kingdom of Okinawa. The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural     8    (activity) —one of which was kung fu. This soon caught the attention of local youths, who started learning kung fu from their Chinese neighbors. And     9     very first Korean military training manual (手册) was also based on a Chinese version (版本) called Ji Xiao Xin Shu     10    (write) by the famed Chines general, Qi Jiguang, who had himself defeated Japanese pirates.